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Anti-aging Research > Flavonoids
Flavonoids
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News & Research:
-
Strawberries, blueberries may cut heart attack risk in women - Science
Daily, 1/14/13 - "Blueberries and strawberries
contain high levels of naturally occurring compounds called dietary
flavonoids, also found in grapes and wine, blackberries, eggplant, and other
fruits and vegetables. A specific sub-class of flavonoids, called
anthocyanins, may help dilate arteries, counter the buildup of plaque and
provide other cardiovascular benefits ... Nurses' Health Study II ... women
completed questionnaires about their diet every four years for 18 years ...
Women who ate the most blueberries and strawberries had a 32-percent
reduction in their risk of heart attack compared to women who ate the
berries once a month or less" - See
Garden of Life, Radical Fruits Antioxidant Complex, 60 Caplets at iHerb.
-
Increased flavonoid intake reduced risk for aggressive prostate cancer -
Science Daily, 10/17/12 - "Men with the highest
total intake of flavonoids had a 25 percent lower risk for aggressive
prostate cancer compared with those men with the lowest flavonoid intake ...
higher total flavonoid intake was associated with reduced odds for
aggressive prostate cancer in both African-American and European-American
men, but no individual subclass of flavonoids appeared to be protective
independently, suggesting that it is important to consume a variety of
plant-based foods in the diet, rather than to focus on one specific type of
flavonoid or flavonoid-rich food"
-
Dark
chocolate, cocoa compounds, may reduce blood pressure - Science Daily,
8/14/12 - "The researchers reviewed evidence from
short-term trials in which participants were given dark chocolate or cocoa
powder daily and found that their blood pressure dropped slightly compared
to a control group ... Cocoa contains compounds called flavanols, thought to
be responsible for the formation of nitric oxide in the body. Nitric oxide
causes blood vessel walls to relax and open wider, thereby reducing blood
pressure. The link between cocoa and blood pressure stems from the discovery
that the indigenous people of San Blas Island in Central American, who drink
flavanol-rich cocoa drinks every day, have normal blood pressure regardless
of age ... Flavanol-rich chocolate or cocoa powder reduced blood pressure on
average by 2-3 mm Hg" - [Abstract] - Note: I'm betting that this formula
will cover most of those flavanols:
Garden of Life, Radical Fruits Antioxidant Complex, 60 Caplets at iHerb.
-
Cocoa May Sharpen Aging Brain - WebMD, 8/13/12 -
"included 90 elderly people who already had mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
... For eight weeks, they drank a cocoa drink that had high, medium, or low
amounts of antioxidants called flavanols. Those who got high and medium
levels of flavanols in their drink did better on tests of attention and
other mental skills, compared to people who got low amounts of flavanols"
-
Flavonoid compound found in foods and supplements may prevent the formation
of blood clots, study suggests - Science Daily, 5/8/12 -
"It's not always fully appreciated that the majority
of Americans will die as the result of a blood clot in either their heart or
their brain ... The study focused on protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) which
is found in all cells. Investigators in BIDMC's Division of Hemostasis and
Thrombosis had previously shown that PDI is rapidly secreted from both
platelets and endothelial cells during thrombosis, when a clot forms in a
blood vessel, and that inhibition of PDI could block thrombosis in a mouse
model ... Among the more than 5,000 compounds that were screened,
quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin) emerged as the most potent agent ...
Surprisingly, studies of the rutin molecule demonstrated that the same part
of the molecule that provides rutin with its ability to inhibit PDI also
prevents the compound from entering cells ... "That finding explained how
this compound can be both a potent inhibitor of PDI and a safe food
supplement," ... Rutin proved to be the most potently anti-thrombotic
compound that we ever tested in this model ... This discovery suggests that
a single agent can treat and prevent both types of clots" - See
rutin products at iHerb.
- Evidence for
a Protective Effect of Polyphenols-containing Foods on Cardiovascular Health
- Medscape, 4/5/12 - "There is supportive clinical
evidence for the beneficial effects of some flavonoids-rich foods or
supplements on multiple endpoints of cardiovascular risk, the more
convincing being reduction in BP and improvement in endothelial function ...
In addition to their identified beneficial impact on BP and endothelial
function, flavonoid-rich dietary sources might also favourably modulate
arterial stiffness" - See
Jarrow Formulas, OPCs + 95, 100 mg, 100 Capsules.
-
Eating flavonoids protects men against Parkinson's disease, study finds
- Science Daily, 4/4/12 - "This latest study is the
first study in humans to show that flavonoids can protect neurons against
diseases of the brain such as Parkinson's ... male participants who ate the
most flavonoids were shown to be 40 per cent less likely to develop the
disease than those who ate the least. No similar link was found for total
flavonoid intake in women ... a sub-class of flavonoids called anthocyanins
may have neuroprotective effects ... In this study the main protective
effect was from higher intake of anthocyanins, which are present in berries
and other fruits and vegetables including aubergines, blackcurrants and
blackberries. Those who consumed the most anthocyanins had a 24 per cent
reduction in risk of developing Parkinson's disease and strawberries and
blueberries were the top two sources in the US diet" - See
blueberry extracts at iHerb.
-
Skip the carrots. Chocolate improves eyesight, too - MSNBC, 8/8/11 -
"They took the tests twice, once after eating a dark
chocolate bar, and once after eating a white chocolate bar. The difference
between the two chocolate bars was the amount of flavanols -- a natural
compound in cocoa -- they contained. Of course, the dark chocolate bar
contained loads of cocoa flavanols, the white chocolate bar only a trace ...
the study participants did perform better on the vision tests and on some of
the brain function tests after eating the dark chocolate ... They attribute
their findings to cocoa flavanol’s known ability to increase blood flow to
the brain, and they speculate that the stuff might also increase blood flow
to the retina of the eye"
-
Eating
berries may lower risk of Parkinson's - Science Daily - Science Daily,
2/13/11 - "Flavonoids are found in plants and fruits and are also known
collectively as vitamin P and citrin. They can also be found in berry fruits,
chocolate, and citrus fruits such as grapefruit ... participants were followed
for 20 to 22 years ... the top 20 percent who consumed the most flavonoids were
about 40 percent less likely to develop Parkinson's disease than the bottom 20
percent of male participants who consumed the least amount of flavonoids. In
women, there was no relationship between overall flavonoid consumption and
developing Parkinson's disease. However, when sub-classes of flavonoids were
examined, regular consumption of anthocyanins, which are mainly obtained from
berries, were found to be associated with a lower risk of Parkinson's disease in
both men and women" - See
blueberry extracts at iHerb
and
bilberry products at iHerb.
-
Chocolate eaters
may have healthier hearts: study - MSNBC, 11/8/10 -
"The authors found that women older than 70 who ate
chocolate at least once per week were 35 percent less likely to be
hospitalized or die from heart disease over the course of the study, and
nearly 60 percent less likely to be hospitalized or die from heart failure
... The danger is that many people will start eating more of it than is
necessary, without cutting back in calories from other snacks, which will
result in weight gain and will counteract any beneficial effects of
chocolate ... Flavonoids are thought to reduce the risk of heart disease,
the leading cause of death in many industrialized countries, by helping to
increase nitric oxide, which in turn helps boost the functioning of blood
vessels and lower blood pressure"
-
Cocoa flavanols improve vascular and blood pressure measures for coronary
artery disease patients - Science Daily, 7/6/10 -
"The findings indicate that foods rich in flavanols
-- such as cocoa products, tea, wine, and various fruits and vegetables --
have a cardio-protective benefit for heart disease patients ... The study
found a protective effect from a cocoa drink with 375 mg of flavanols, but
according to researchers, a standard or recommended dosage has not yet been
defined to achieve optimal health benefit ... In the current study, the
benefit seen from the two-fold increase in circulating angiogenic cells was
similar to that achieved by therapy with statins and with lifestyle changes
such as exercise and smoking cessation"
-
Dark
chocolate lowers blood pressure, research finds - Science Daily, 6/28/10 -
"Flavanols
have been shown to increase the formation of endothelial nitric oxide, which
promotes vasodilation and consequently may lower blood pressure. There have,
however, been conflicting results as to the real-life effects of eating
chocolate. We've found that consumption can significantly, albeit modestly,
reduce blood pressure for people with high blood pressure but not for people
with normal blood pressure ... The pressure reduction seen in the combined
results for people with hypertension, 5mm Hg systolic, may be clinically
relevant -- it is comparable to the known effects of 30 daily minutes of
physical activity (4-9mm Hg) and could theoretically reduce the risk of a
cardiovascular event by about 20% over five years"
-
Flavonols may slash stroke risk in women: Study - Nutra USA, 2/9/10 -
"the researchers noted that a high intake of
flavonols, predominantly from tea in the Dutch population and from tea,
onions, apples, and broccoli in US studies, was associated with a 20 per
cent reduction in stroke risk" - [Abstract]
-
Chemicals Found In Fruit And Vegetables Offer Dementia Hope - Science
Daily, 7/19/09 - "a new concept is emerging that
suggests flavonoids do not act simply as antioxidants but exert their
biological effects through other mechanisms. A small number of recent
studies carried out in models of Alzheimer’s disease have found that oral
administration of green tea flavonoids or grape flavonoids reduces brain
pathology and, in some cases, improves cognition. Dr Williams and colleagues
have focused their own cellular studies on a flavonoid called epicatechin,
which is abundant in a number of foodstuffs, including cocoa ... epicatechin
protects brain cells from damage but through a mechanism unrelated to its
antioxidant activity and shown in laboratory tests that it can also reduce
some aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathology" - See Jarrow Formulas, OPCs + 95, 100 mg, 100 Capsules
at iHerb.
-
Citrus-derived Flavonoid Prevents Obesity, Study Suggests - Science Daily,
7/14/09 - "Naringenin corrected the elevations in triglyceride and cholesterol,
prevented the development of insulin resistance and completely normalized
glucose metabolism. The researchers found it worked by genetically reprogramming
the liver to burn up excess fat, rather than store it ... Furthermore, the
marked obesity that develops in these mice was completely prevented by
naringenin ... These studies show naringenin, through its insulin-like
properties, corrects many of the metabolic disturbances linked to insulin
resistance and represents a promising therapeutic approach for metabolic
syndrome" - See
naringenin products at iHerb.
-
Chemopreventive Agents In Black Raspberries Identified - Science Daily,
1/8/09 - "anthocyanins, a class of flavonoids in
black raspberries, inhibited growth and stimulated apoptosis in the
esophagus of rats treated with an esophageal carcinogen" - [Nutra
USA]
-
Flavonoids’ heart health benefits in the blood vessels: Study - Nutra USA,
10/10/08 - "A daily dose of quercetin or (-)-epicatechin
led to improvements in endothelial function, a key marker of cardiovascular
health" - [Abstract]
-
Isoflavones and Flavonols Reduce Ovarian Cancer Risk - oncologystat.com,
8/22/08 - "Women with the highest flavonoid intake
had a 37% lower risk of ovarian cancer than those with the lowest intake. A
high intake of isoflavones, in particular, was associated with a 49%
decreased ovarian cancer risk"
-
Cocoa
for Diabetes? - WebMD, 5/27/08 - "Researchers
caution that the high-dose flavonol cocoa used in their study greatly
exceeds the typical U.S. dietary intake of 20 to 100 milligrams daily, and
you can't buy the extra-strength version in stores. Rather, they are
optimistic that flavonol-containing diets offer an innovative approach to
preventing heart disease"
-
Plant
Flavonoid In Celery And Green Peppers Found To Reduce Inflammatory Response In
The Brain - Science Daily, 5/20/08 - "The new study looked at luteolin
(LOO-tee-OH-lin), a plant flavonoid known to impede the inflammatory response in
several types of cells outside the central nervous system ... Those cells that
were also exposed to luteolin showed a significantly diminished inflammatory
response. Jang showed that luteolin was shutting down production of a key
cytokine in the inflammatory pathway, interleukin-6 (IL-6). The effects of
luteolin exposure were dramatic, resulting in as much as a 90 percent drop in
IL-6 production in the LPS-treated cells ... Inflammatory cytokines such as
interleukin-6 are very well known to inhibit certain types of learning and
memory that are under the control of the hippocampus, and the hippocampus is
also very vulnerable to the insults of aging ... If you had the potential to
decrease the production of inflammatory cytokines in the brain you could
potentially limit the cognitive deficits that result" - See
luteolin products at iHerb.
-
Plants' Flavonoids Have Beneficial Effect On Alzheimer's Disease, Study In
Mice Suggests - Science Daily, 5/7/08 -
"Researchers administered molecules called flavonoids, which are found in
certain fruits and vegetables, to a mouse model genetically programmed to
develop Alzheimer's disease. Using two of these molecules, luteolin and
diosmin, they were able to reduce the levels of a protein called amyloid-beta,
which forms the sticky deposits that build up in the brains of patients with
Alzheimer's"
-
Flavonoid intake and the risk of ischaemic stroke and CVD mortality in
middle-aged Finnish men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor
Study - Br J Nutr. 2008 Apr 1;:1-6 - "men in the
highest quartile of flavonol and flavan-3-ol intakes had a relative risk of
0.55 (95 % CI 0.31, 0.99) and 0.59 (95 % CI 0.30, 1.14) for ischaemic
stroke, respectively, as compared with the lowest quartile. After
multivariate adjustment, the relative risk for CVD death in the highest
quartile of flavanone and flavone intakes were 0.54 (95 % CI 0.32, 0.92) and
0.65 (95 % CI 0.40, 1.05), respectively"
-
Flavonoid intake and liver cancer: a case-control study in Greece -
Cancer Causes Control. 2008 Mar 19 - "hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) ... Flavone intake, mostly derived from spinach and peppers,
was inversely associated with both virus positive (P-trend, 0.049) and virus
negative (P-trend, 0.084) HCC"
-
Could
foods prevent ovarian cancer? - MSNBC, 3/14/08 -
"Kaempferol — a flavonoid found in tea, broccoli, kale and spinach — and
luteolin — which is provided by peppers, carrots, cabbage and celery — were
both identified as cancer protective. Women who consumed the most of these
two flavonoids were 40 percent and 34 percent less likely, respectively, to
develop ovarian cancer compared to women who consumed the least ... A 2007
study published in the British Journal of Nutrition linked greater
consumption of carotenoid phytochemicals with a 67 percent lower risk of
ovarian cancer. This included not only beta-carotene, the oft-cited
carotenoid in deep-orange vegetables and fruits, but also alpha-carotene,
beta-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin — carotenoids found in a wide
range of red, orange, yellow and green vegetables" - See
Jarrow Formulas, CarotenALL, Mixed Carotenoid Complex, 60 Softgels.
-
Citrus flavanones show neuroprotection potential - Nutra USA, 1/21/08 -
"These results first demonstrate that the citrus
flavanones hesperidin, hesperetin, and neohesperidin, even at physiological
concentrations, have neuroprotective effects against H2O2-induced
cytotoxicity in PC12 cells ... These dietary antioxidants are potential
candidates for use in the intervention for neurodegenerative diseases ...
One such disease that is mentioned Alzheimer's disease" - [Abstract]
- See
hesperidin products at iHerb.
-
Chemical In Red Wine, Fruits And Vegetables Counters Unhealthy Effects Of
High-fat Foods - Science Daily, 1/2/08 -
"consuming polyphenols (natural compounds in red wine, fruits, and
vegetables) simultaneously with high-fat foods may reduce health risks
associated with these foods"
-
Flavonoid-rich Diet Helps Women Decrease Risk Of Ovarian Cancer -
Science Daily, 11/19/07 - "the researchers found a
40 percent reduction in ovarian cancer risk among the women with the highest
kaempferol intake, compared with women with the lowest intake. They also
found a 34 percent reduction in the risk of ovarian cancer among women with
the highest intake of luteolin, compared with women with the lowest intake"
-
Antioxidants may stop fat cells formation, says study - Nutra USA,
11/12/07 - "These results suggest that o-coumaric
acid and rutin targeted for adipocyte functions could be effective in
improving the symptoms of metabolic syndrome" - [Abstract]
-
Dark Chocolate Fights Heart Woes - WebMD, 11/5/07 -
"After two weeks, coronary circulation significantly
improved in participants who ate dark chocolate. There was no change among
those who ate white chocolate ... Cacao polyphenol contains four times as
many disease-fighting flavonoids per serving than red wine or tea"
-
Antioxidants May Fight Fat - WebMD, 11/2/07 -
"Those antioxidants didn't kill fat cells or slash the number of fat cells
in the test tubes. Instead, they made fat cells cut their production of
triglycerides, which are a heart hazard. The antioxidants did that by
curbing an enzyme needed to make triglycerides ... That particular enzyme
was most effectively reduced by the phenolic acid o-coumaric acid and the
flavonoid rutin"
-
Flavonoids Govern Cell Processes, Enhance Health - Science Daily,
10/11/07
-
Apples and onions may slash pancreatic cancer risk - Nutra USA, 10/1/07
- "Of the three individual flavonols, they report
that kaempferol was associated with the largest risk reduction (22 per cent)
across all participants"
-
Flavonoids In Orange Juice Make It A Healthy Drink, Despite The Sugar -
Science Daily, 7/18/07
-
Flavonoids in Orange Juice Make It a Healthy Drink, Despite the Sugar -
Doctor's Guide, 7/17/07 - "the two types of
flavonoids in orange juice -- hesperetin and naringenin -- inhibited ROS
generation by 52% and 77%, respectively ... Our data are relevant to
patients with diabetes ... because stress from ROS and inflammation are
increased significantly in this population and may contribute to development
of atherosclerosis"
-
Tea, Chocolate Chemical May Boost Memory - WebMD, 5/30/07 -
"studied epicatechin, which is a
type of antioxidant called a flavonol, in female mice ... The mice that
consumed epicatechin did better at memorizing the maze than the mice that
got no epicatechin. The mice that consumed epicatechin and also ran on their
running wheels had the best results of all"
-
Red
Wine Protects The Prostate - Science Daily, 5/25/07 -
"men who drink an average of four to
seven glasses of red wine per week are only 52% as
likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer as
those who do not drink red wine ... when white wine was compared with red,
red had the most benefit ... But much of the speculation focuses on
chemicals—including various flavonoids and
resveratrol—missing from other alcoholic beverages"
-
Flavonol-rich diet may slash pancreatic cancer risk - Nutra USA, 4/16/07
-
Science stacks up for flavonoids for heart health - Nutra USA, 3/12/07
-
Studies Force New View On Biology Of Flavonoids - Science Daily, 3/5/07
-
Flavonoids linked to colorectal cancer protection - Nutra USA, 8/9/06 -
"A diet rich in certain flavonoids,
from eating plenty of fruit and vegetables, could reduce the risk of
colorectal cancer by over 40 per cent, says a large observational study from
Italy"
-
Researchers Reveal Apples' Protective Ways: Molecular Mechanism Of
Flavonoid-rich Fruit Discovered - Science Daily, 5/18/06 -
"the flavonoids in apples and apple
juice can inhibit signals in this pathway that would otherwise damage or
kill cells in the body"
-
Food Antioxidants, Vitamin D Fight Breast Cancer - HealthDay, 4/7/06 -
"postmenopausal women who consumed high
levels of flavonoids, a class of antioxidants found in plants, had a 45
percent lower risk of breast cancer ... Those who had the highest levels of
intake of kaempferol had a 38 percent decrease in the incidence of ovarian
cancer compared to women with the lowest levels of this flavonoid ... those
with the highest blood levels of a vitamin D metabolite known as
25-hydroxyvitamin D had a 50 percent reduced risk of breast cancer" -
[Science
Daily]
-
Grapefruit flavonoid could repair DNA, may protect against cancer -
Nutra USA, 2/15/06 - "Naringenin, a
flavonoid found in grapefruit and oranges, helped to repair damaged DNA in
cancer cells"
-
Flavonoids reduce exercise-induced oxidative stress - Nutra USA, 1/30/06
-
Heart-healthy Compound In Chocolate Identified - Science Daily, 1/20/06
- "epicatechin, one of a group of
chemicals known as flavanols, was directly linked to improved circulation
and other hallmarks of cardiovascular health"
-
Why Cocoa May Help
Heart Health - WebMD, 1/18/06 -
"cocoa's antioxidants -- called flavonoids -- coax the body into making more
nitric oxide, which relaxes the blood vessels"
-
Anticancer Agent in Veggies Shows Promise - WebMD, 10/21/05
-
Flavonoids May Inhibit Prostate Cancer - Science Daily, 10/21/05 -
"Our findings suggest that apigenin
could be developed as a promising agent against prostate cancer"
-
Chocolate May Help Smokers' Blood Vessels - WebMD, 9/29/05
-
Flavanols Key To Potential Chocolate Benefits - Science Daily, 9/29/05
-
Cocoa Is The New Red Wine: Shows Benefits For Coronary Heart Disease -
Science Daily, 8/12/05
-
Dark Chocolate May Cut High Blood Pressure - WebMD, 7/18/05 -
"With dark chocolate, 24-hour
systolic blood pressure dropped 12 points; diastolic blood pressure dipped
8.5 points ... Insulin sensitivity and LDL cholesterol also improved with
dark chocolate ... the dark chocolate we used had a high level of
flavonoids"
-
In
Chocolate, More Cocoa Means Higher Antioxidant Capacity - Science Daily,
4/23/05
-
Chocolate compound stops cancer cell cycle in lab - Nutra USA, 4/18/05 -
"the breast cancer cells stopped
dividing when treated with pentamer and that all four proteins were
inactivated ... the novel aspect here is that a pattern of several
regulatory proteins are jointly deactivated, probably greatly enhancing the
inhibitory effect compared to targeting any one of the proteins singly"
- Is
chocolate good for you? - MSNBC, 4/1/05 -
"One study that compared the total
antioxidant activity in single servings of cocoa, green tea, black tea and
red wine scored cocoa markedly higher than the rest"
-
Grapes May Stop Cancer Cells - WebMD, 3/31/05 -
"grapes (and lots of other fruits
and vegetables) are rich in antioxidant compounds called flavonoids ... We
are getting direct evidence that these components in grapes work
synergistically in fighting cancer"
-
Flavonoids work together to inhibit cancer cells - Nutra USA, 3/30/05 -
"Components in grapes, including
some newly identified ones, work together to dramatically inhibit an enzyme
crucial to the proliferation of cancer cells"
- Cocoa,
Flavanols and Cardiovascular Risk - Medscape, 11/29/04
-
Chocolate Said To Help Blood Vessels - Intelihealth, 8/30/04
- A Dark Chocolate a Day Keeps the Doctor Away -
WebMD, 6/1/04
- Chocolate - Food of the Gods? - Dr. Murray's
Natural Facts, 3/31/04
- Hot Cocoa May Prevent Heart Disease - WebMD,
11/6/03 - "Hot cocoa has more
disease-fighting antioxidants than tea or red wine ... black tea, green tea,
red wine, and cocoa are "major" sources of antioxidants called phenols and
flavonoids -- antioxidant chemicals found naturally in foods that can help
prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer" - Yeah,
but what about the sugar and calories. See
iHerb
green tea products. - Ben
- Disease-Fighting Benefits of Organic Foods -
WebMD, 3/6/03 -
"Recent evidence suggests that these micronutrients play important roles in
preventing cancer and heart disease ...
organic berries and corn had significantly more flavonoids than those
grown by conventional methods. And a third method -- called sustainable
farming -- yielded even higher flavonoid levels"
-
Plant Compound May Prevent Lung Cancer - WebMD, 2/19/03 -
"deguelin is found in several different types of plant species and is part
of a class of compounds in the flavonoid family ... deguelin appeared to
target the cancerous and precancerous cells, stopping their growth, while
having minimal effects on the normal, healthy cells ... deguelin is highly
specific and seems to work by zeroing in on a particular molecular pathway
associated with lung cancer
... the findings are especially interesting because there have been so few
agents that have shown potential to stop the progression of lung cancer"
-
Flavonoids found in chocolate may help reduce risk of heart disease -
HealthScout, 2/13/03 - "the main
flavonoids in cocoa -- flavan-3-ols -- are associated with a decreased risk
of cardiovascular disease ... Also,
a third of the fat in chocolate is made up of
oleic acid. That's a monosaturated fat, also found in olive oil, that's
been shown to benefit heart health"
- Which Chocolate Is Healthiest for Heart? - WebMD,
1/31/03
- Some Chocolate a Treat for the Heart - WebMD,
11/20/02
- Garlic, Chives Reduce Prostate Cancer - WebMD,
11/5/02 - "filling your diet with
garlic and scallions can help reduce the chance of this potentially
deadly cancer ... Garlic and scallions, along with onions, leeks, chives,
and shallots, are rich in flavonols, substances in plants that have been
shown to have antitumor
effects. All of these vegetables have previously been linked to lower risks
of cancers of the stomach, colon, esophagus, and perhaps breast ... although
fruits and vegetables slightly reduced prostate
cancer, the lower risk associated with
allium
vegetables was much more pronounced"
- Apple a Day Gets Rid of Doctor and More - WebMD,
9/13/02 -
"People eating foods rich in a variety of flavonoids -- plant products that
act like antioxidants -- were less likely to have heart disease, stroke, and
asthma. Type 2 diabetes also appeared to be less common in this group. Plus,
men that ate flavonoids had less lung and prostate cancers"
- Say Cheers: White Wine May Aid Lungs - Doctor's
Guide, 5/21/02
- The Lungs Favor White Wine - WebMD, 5/20/02 -
"those studies have shown that a daily dose of 1 to 3 glasses of red wine
can improve
cardiovascular health ... We found that white wine intake was strongly
associated with better [lung] function ... One glass of wine per day equaled
a 1.5% higher lung function, adding one or two more years to the person's
lifetime; 3 glasses a day improved lung capacity by 3% ... He speculates
that white wine drinkers have higher levels of vitamin
antioxidants in their blood" - Also see
grape seed extract/Pycnogenol.
- Drinking Tea May Help Prevent Heart Attacks -
Doctor's Guide, 5/9/02 - "Drinking
more tea and increasing flavonoid intake may
help primary prevention of
ischaemic heart disease ...
The intake of the dietary flavonoids quercetin,
kaempferol
and myricetin
was significantly associated inversely with fatal myocardial infarction only
in upper tertiles
of intake"
- Tea Prolongs Survival After Heart Attack - WebMD,
5/6/02 - "Researchers say the
findings add to a growing notion that the antioxidant-rich flavonoids found
in black and
green teas prevent
heart disease. But this is the first study to suggest that drinking tea
can actually protect the heart after damage has already occurred"
- Cocoa: The Next Health Drink? - WebMD, 2/15/02
- Got Anthocyanins? - Nutrition Science News, 12/01
-
The Wizard is Oz - Life Extension Magazine, 11/01 -
"Best-selling author and nutritional guru to the rich and famous, Oz Garcia
is singing the praises of the Life Extension Foundation and its products in
his newest book,
The
Healthy High Tech Body, published in September 2001 ... Supplements at
the top of Garcia's list of recommendations ...
DHA ... NADH ...
Alpah
Lipoic Acid
... Acetyl-L-Carnitine ... An expanded list of his
recommendations includes lycopene,
gamma tocopherol, vinpocetine, SAMe,
folic acid, carnosine,
glutathione, DMAE, Huperzine A,
probiotics, MSM,
secretagogues, arginine pyroglutamate,
IP-6, bioflavonoid formulas and
grape skin/seed extracts"
- Chocolate Boosts 'Good' Cholesterol And Protects Against Heart Disease
- Intelihealth, 10/25/01
- Chocolate Is Good for the Heart - WebMD, 10/23/01
- "chocolate ... has loads of
antioxidants in the form of flavonoids, which are known to reduce
cardiovascular risk ... certain cocoas and chocolates -- taken in small,
regular doses -- seem to raise HDL, or the "good" cholesterol, while
lowering the "bad" variety called
LDL, which can clog the
arteries ... half the group ate a "typical American diet" that was purposely
low in flavonoids. The other half ate the "experimental diet," which
essentially was the typical American diet plus cocoa powder (3/4 of an
ounce) and dark chocolate (half an ounce) ... They found that
LDL
cholesterol was oxidized 8% more slowly -- and that HDL cholesterol increased
by 4% -- after the people ate chocolate"
-
Pomegranates a Top Antioxidant - Nutrition Science News, 3/01 -
"pomegranate juice exhibits three times greater antioxidant activity than
other bioflavonoids such as red wine or green tea"
Abstracts:
-
Dietary
flavonoids intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective
cohort studies - Clin Nutr. 2013 Mar 26 - "searched
PubMed through March 2013 for relevant cohort studies that assessed total
flavonoids and type 2 diabetes risks ... The summary relative risk (RR) of type
2 diabetes for the highest intake of total flavonoids compared with the lowest
was 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87-0.96). Furthermore, an increase in
the total flavonoids intake of 500mg/d was associated with a significant risk
reduction of 5% (RR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98)" - See
Garden of Life, Radical Fruits Antioxidant Complex, 60 Caplets at iHerb.
-
The
anti-inflammatory potential of phenolic compounds in grape juice concentrate
(G8000™) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis - Br J Nutr.
2013 Mar 22:1-8 - "Chronic inflammatory bowel disease is
characterised by an up-regulation of the synthesis and release of a variety of
pro-inflammatory mediators leading to excessive tissue injury. Flavonoids are
able to inhibit enzymes and/or due to their antioxidant properties regulate the
immune response. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the mechanisms of
action of phenolic compounds present in grape juice on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene
sulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. A total of forty-one male Wistar rats
were randomised into seven groups: negative control group; TNBS non-treated
induced colitis; 2 % grape juice control group; 1 % grape juice 24 h after TNBS
colitis induction; 1 % grape juice on day 7 after colitis induction; 2 % grape
juice 24 h after colitis induction; 2 % grape juice on day 7 after colitis
induction. The 1 % grape juice-treated induced colitis group showed marked
clinical improvement when compared with the TNBS-induced colitis group" -
See Jarrow Formulas, OPCs + 95, 100 mg, 100 Capsules
or
Garden of Life, Radical Fruits Antioxidant Complex, 60 Caplets at iHerb.
-
High
anthocyanin intake is associated with a reduced risk of myocardial infarction in
young and middle-aged women - Circulation. 2013 Jan 15 -
"We followed up 93 600 women 25 to 42 years of age from
the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) II who were healthy at baseline (1989) to examine
the relationship between anthocyanins and other flavonoids and the risk of MI.
Intake of flavonoid subclasses was calculated from validated food-frequency
questionnaires ... An inverse association between higher intake of anthocyanins
and risk of MI was observed (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% confidence interval,
0.49-0.96; P=0.03, highest versus lowest quintiles) after multivariate
adjustment ... Combined intake of 2 anthocyanin-rich foods, blueberries and
strawberries, tended to be associated with a decreased risk of MI (hazard ratio,
0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-1.08) in a comparison of those consuming >3
servings a week and those with lower intake. Intakes of other flavonoid
subclasses were not significantly associated with MI risk"
-
Raf and PI3K
are the Molecular Targets for the Anti-metastatic Effect of Luteolin -
Phytother Res. 2012 Nov 21 - "Metastases are the primary
cause of human cancer deaths. Luteolin, a naturally occurring phytochemical, has
chemopreventive and/or anticancer properties in several cancer cell lines ... An
in vivo mouse study showed that oral administration (10 or 50 mg/kg) of luteolin
significantly inhibited tumor nodules and tumor volume of lung metastasis
induced by intravenous injection of CT-26 cells. Luteolin also inhibited MMP-9
expression and activity in CT-26-induced mouse lung tissue. These results
suggest that luteolin may have considerable potential for development as an
anti-metastatic agent"
- Luteolin -
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - "Luteolin is a
yellow crystalline compound. It is a flavonoid; to be specific, it is one of
the more common flavones.[1] From preliminary research, it is thought to
play a role in the human body possibly as an antioxidant, a free radical
scavenger, a promoter of carbohydrate metabolism, or an immune system
modulator"
-
Dietary
flavonoid and lignan intake and gastric adenocarcinoma risk in the European
Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study - Am J Clin
Nutr. 2012 Oct 17 - "gastric cancer (GC) ...followed
477,312 subjects (29.8% men) aged 35-70 y from 10 European countries who
participated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
(EPIC) study. Validated dietary questionnaires and lifestyle information were
collected at baseline ... average follow-up of 11 y ... We observed a
significant inverse association between total flavonoid intake and GC risk in
women (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.70, 0.94; for the continuous variable after log(2)
transformation) but not in men (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.85, 1.09). In women,
significant inverse associations with GC risk were also observed for intakes of
some flavonoid subgroups (anthocyanidins, flavonols, flavones, and flavanols),
particularly with intestinal type tumors for total flavonoid and flavanol
intakes"
-
The risk of
lung cancer related to dietary intake of flavonoids - Nutr Cancer. 2012
Oct;64(7):964-74 - "Overall, total flavonoid intake was
not associated with lung cancer risk, the effect being similar regardless of sex
and smoking level. However, low flavonoid intake from food, but not from
beverages, was associated with an increased risk. The adjusted ORs (95% CIs)
comparing the highest vs. the lowest quartiles of intake were 0.63 (0.47-0.85)
for total flavonoids, 0.82 (0.61-1.11) for anthocyanidins, 0.67 (0.50-0.90) for
flavan-3-ols, 0.68 (0.50-0.93) for flavones, 0.62 (0.45-0.84) for flavonols, and
0.70 (0.53-0.94) for flavanones. An inverse association with total flavone and
flavanone intake was observed for squamous cell carcinoma but not adenocarcinoma.
In conclusion, low flavonoid intake from food may increase lung cancer risk"
- See
Garden of Life, Radical Fruits Antioxidant Complex, 60 Caplets at iHerb.
-
Habitual
flavonoid intakes are positively associated with bone mineral density in women
- J Bone Miner Res. 2012 May 1 - "The aim of this
observational study was to examine the association between habitual intake of
flavonoid sub-classes with bone mineral density (BMD) in a cohort of female
twins. 3160 women from the TwinsUK adult twin registry participated in the
study. Habitual intakes of flavonoids and sub-classes (flavanones, anthocyanins,
flavan-3-ols, polymers, flavonols, flavones) were calculated from
semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires using an updated and extended
USDA database ... total flavonoid intake was positively associated with higher
BMD at the spine but not at the hip ... total flavonoid intake was positively
associated with BMD, with effects observed for anthocyanins and flavones at both
the hip and spine supporting a role for flavonoids present in plant-based foods
on bone health"
-
Habitual
intake of dietary flavonoids and risk of Parkinson disease - Neurology. 2012
Apr 10;78(15):1138-45 - "We identified 805 participants
(438 men and 367 women) who developed PD during 20-22 years of follow-up. In
men, after adjusting for multiple confounders, participants in the highest
quintile of total flavonoids had a 40% lower PD risk than those in the lowest
quintile (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.60; 95% confidence interval 0.43, 0.83; p trend
= 0.001). No significant relationship was observed in women (p trend = 0.62) or
in pooled analyses (p trend = 0.23). In the pooled analyses for the subclasses,
intakes of anthocyanins and a rich dietary source, berries, were significantly
associated with a lower PD risk (HR comparing 2 extreme intake quintiles were
0.76 for anthocyanins and 0.77 for berries, respectively; p trend < 0.02 for
both)" - See
Jarrow Formulas, OPCs + 95, 100 mg, 100 Capsules.
-
Flavonoid
intake and cardiovascular disease mortality in a prospective cohort of US adults
- Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan 4 - "Men and women with total
flavonoid intakes in the top (compared with the bottom) quintile had a lower
risk of fatal CVD (RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.92; P-trend = 0.01). Five flavonoid
classes-anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavones, flavonols, and proanthocyanidins-were
individually associated with lower risk of fatal CVD (all P-trend < 0.05). In
men, total flavonoid intakes were more strongly associated with stroke mortality
(RR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.89; P-trend = 0.04) than with ischemic heart disease
(RR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.72, 1.13). Many associations appeared to be nonlinear, with
lower risk at intakes above the referent category.Conclusions: Flavonoid
consumption was associated with lower risk of death from CVD. Most inverse
associations appeared with intermediate intakes, suggesting that even relatively
small amounts of flavonoid-rich foods may be beneficial"
-
Inhibition
of advanced glycation end-product formation on eye lens protein by rutin -
Br J Nutr. 2011 Aug 25:1-9 - "Formation of advanced
glycation end products (AGE) plays a key role in the several pathophysiologies
associated with ageing and diabetes, such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, chronic
renal insufficiency, Alzheimer's disease, nephropathy, neuropathy and cataract.
This raises the possibility of inhibition of AGE formation as one of the
approaches to prevent or arrest the progression of diabetic complications.
Previously, we have reported that some common dietary sources such as fruits,
vegetables, herbs and spices have the potential to inhibit AGE formation.
Flavonoids are abundantly found in fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, and
rutin is one of the commonly found dietary flavonols. In the present study, we
have demonstrated the antiglycating potential and mechanism of action of rutin
using goat eye lens proteins as model proteins. Under in vitro conditions, rutin
inhibited glycation as assessed by SDS-PAGE, AGE-fluorescence, boronate affinity
chromatography and immunodetection of specific AGE. Further, we provided insight
into the mechanism of inhibition of protein glycation that rutin not only
scavenges free-radicals directly but also chelates the metal ions by forming
complexes with them and thereby partly inhibiting post-Amadori formation. These
findings indicate the potential of rutin to prevent and/or inhibit protein
glycation and the prospects for controlling AGE-mediated diabetic pathological
conditions in vivo" - See
rutin products at iHerb.
AGE's are a major cause of aging. See
my AGE page.
-
Luteolin
induces apoptosis in multidrug resistant cancer cells without affecting the drug
transporter function: involvement of cell line-specific apoptotic mechanisms
- Int J Cancer. 2011 Jul 25 - "These results suggest
that luteolin possesses therapeutic potential to control the proliferation of
MDR cancers without affecting the physiological function of drug transporters in
the body tissues"
-
Naringin
Protects against Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats: Evidence for an
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Intervention - Biol Pharm
Bull. 2011;34(3):360-5 - "The effect of naringin, a bioflavanoid, with potent
antioxidant activity was studied on kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures, cognitive
deficit and oxidative stress. Rats were administered KA (10 mg/kg
intraperitoneally (i.p.)) and observed for behavioral changes and incidence and
latency of convulsions over 4 h. The rats were thereafter sacrificed and
oxidative stress parameters like malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH)
were estimated in the brain. The level of proinflammatory cytokine, tumor
necrosis factor (TNF)-α was also determined in the rat brain. It was observed
that pretreatment with naringin (20, 40, 80 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly (p<0.001)
increased the latency of seizures as compared to the vehicle treated-KA group.
Naringin (40, 80 mg/kg) also significantly prevented the increase in MDA and
fall in GSH levels due to KA. In addition, naringin dose-dependently attenuated
the KA-induced increase in the TNF-α levels of brain. The pretreatment with
naringin also significantly increased retention latency in the passive avoidance
task. This shows that naringin reduced the cognitive deficit induced by KA. The
results of our study suggest that naringin has therapeutic potential since it
suppresses KA-induced seizures, cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in the
brain. These neuroprotective effects are a result of its antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory activity" - See
naringin products at iHerb.
-
Flavanol-rich cocoa ameliorates lipemia-induced endothelial dysfunction -
Heart Vessels. 2010 Dec 8 - "Consumption of flavanols
improves chronic endothelial dysfunction. We investigated whether it can also
improve acute lipemia-induced endothelial dysfunction. In this randomized,
placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial, 18 healthy subjects received
a fatty meal with cocoa either rich in flavanols (918 mg) or flavanol-poor.
Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), triglycerides, and free fatty acids were then
determined over 6 h. After the flavanol-poor fat loading, the FMD deteriorated
over 4 h. The consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa, in contrast, improved this
deterioration in hours 2, 3, and 4 without abolishing it completely. Flavanols
did not have any influence on triglycerides or on free fatty acids. Flavanol-rich
cocoa can alleviate the lipemia-induced endothelial dysfunction, probably
through an improvement in endothelial NO synthase"
-
Flavonoids,
proanthocyanidins, and cancer risk: a network of case-control studies from Italy
- Nutr Cancer. 2010 Oct;62(7):871-7 - "Total flavonoids, flavanones, and
flavonols were inversely related to oral and laryngeal cancers (ORs,
respectively 0.56 and 0.60 for total flavonoids; 0.51 and 0.60 for flavanones;
and 0.62 and 0.32 for flavonols). Flavanols were also inversely related to
laryngeal cancer (OR = 0.64), whereas flavanones were inversely related to
esophageal cancer (OR = 0.38). A reduced risk of colorectal cancer was found for
high intake of anthocyanidins (OR = 0.67), flavonols (OR = 0.64), flavones (OR =
0.78), and isoflavones (OR = 0.76). Inverse relations with breast cancer were
found for flavones (OR = 0.81) and flavonols (OR = 0.80). Flavonols (OR = 0.63)
and isoflavones (OR = 0.51) were inversely associated to ovarian cancer, whereas
flavonols (OR = 0.69) and flavones (OR = 0.68) were inversely associated to
renal cancer. No association between flavonoids and prostate cancer emerged. We
found inverse associations between proanthocyanidins and colorectal cancer.
These associations appeared stronger for proanthocyanidins with a higher degree
of polymerization (OR = 0.69 for ≥ 10 mers)"
-
Flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, and the risk of stomach cancer - Cancer
Causes Control. 2010 Jun 3 - "Strong inverse
relations were found for proanthocyanidins. The OR was 0.44 (95% CI,
0.25-0.76) for monomers and dimers combined and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.21-0.63) for
polymers with three or more mers. Further adjustment for fruit and
vegetables, or vitamin C, did not materially change these associations. This
is the first epidemiological study to suggest that dietary proanthocyanidins
have a favorable role on gastric cancer risk"
-
Dietary flavonoid intake and colorectal cancer: a case-control study -
Br J Nutr. 2009 Sep 7:1-8 - "We concluded that
flavonols, specifically quercetin, obtained from non-tea components of the
diet may be linked with reduced risk of developing colon cancer" -
See
quercetin products at iHerb.
-
Dietary
Flavonol Intake May Lower Stroke Risk in Men and Women - J Nutr. 2010 Jan 20
- "A high intake of flavonols compared with a low
intake was inversely associated with nonfatal and fatal stroke with a pooled
relative risk of 0.80"
-
Impact
of cocoa flavanol consumption on blood pressure responsiveness to exercise
- Br J Nutr. 2010 Jan 19:1-5 - "randomised to
consume single servings of either a high-flavanol (HF, 701 mg) or a low-flavanol
(LF, 22 mg) cocoa beverage in a double-blind, cross-over design ... the BP
response to exercise (area under BP curve) was attenuated by HF compared
with LF. BP increases were 68 % lower for DBP (P = 0.03) and 14 % lower for
mean BP (P = 0.05). FMD measurements were higher after taking HF than after
taking LF (6.1 (se 0.6) % v. 3.4 (se 0.5) %, P < 0.001). By facilitating
vasodilation and attenuating exercise-induced increases in BP, cocoa
flavanols may decrease cardiovascular risk and enhance the cardiovascular
benefits of moderate intensity exercise in at-risk individuals"
-
Flavonoid intake and disability-adjusted life years due to Alzheimer's and
related dementias: a population-based study involving twenty-three developed
countries - Public Health Nutr. 2010 Jan 11:1-7 -
"Flavonols and combined flavonoids (all five
combined) intakes were the only two parameters with significant (P < 0.05)
negative dementia correlations. Multiple linear regression models confirmed
this relationship, and excluded confounding from some other dietary and
non-dietary factors. Similar analyses with non-dementia,
neurological/psychiatric diseases did not yield significant correlations.
CONCLUSIONS: At a global level, and in the context of different genetic
backgrounds, our results suggest that higher consumption of dietary
flavonoids, especially flavonols, is associated with lower population rates
of dementia in these countries"
-
Pure
dietary flavonoids quercetin and (-)-epicatechin augment nitric oxide
products and reduce endothelin-1 acutely in healthy men - Am J Clin Nutr.
2008 Oct;88(4):1018-25 - "Dietary flavonoids, such
as quercetin and (-)-epicatechin, can augment nitric oxide status and reduce
endothelin-1 concentrations and may thereby improve endothelial function"
-
Luteolin reduces IL-6 production in microglia by inhibiting JNK
phosphorylation and activation of AP-1 - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008
May 19 - "Luteolin consumption reduced LPS-induced
IL-6 in plasma 4 h after injection. Furthermore, luteolin decreased the
induction of IL-6 mRNA by LPS in hippocampus but not in the cortex or
cerebellum. Taken together, these data suggest luteolin inhibits LPS-induced
IL-6 production in the brain by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway and
activation of AP-1 in microglia. Thus, luteolin may be useful for mitigating
neuroinflammation"
-
Dietary flavonoid intake and risk of cancer in postmenopausal women: The
Iowa Women's Health Study - Int J Cancer. 2008 May 19 -
"After multivariable adjustment, lung cancer
incidence was inversely associated with intakes of flavanones (HR = 0.68;
95% CI: 0.53-0.86, all results highest vs. lowest quintile) and
proanthocyanidins (HR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.57-0.97). Among current and past
smokers, those with intakes in the highest quintile for flavanones (HR =
0.66; 95% CI: 0.50-0.86), and proanthocyanidins (HR = 0.66; 95% CI;
0.49-0.89) had significantly lower lung cancer incidence than those in the
lowest quintile. Similar associations were not seen in never smokers.
Isoflavone intake was inversely associated with overall cancer incidence (HR
= 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86-1.00). This study provides further support for a
beneficial effect of flavonoid intake on lung cancer risk, especially among
current and past smokers"
-
Flavonoids and ovarian cancer risk: A case-control study in Italy - Int
J Cancer. 2008 May 19 - "In logistic regression
models including study center, education, year of interview, parity, oral
contraceptive use and family history of ovarian or breast cancer or both, an
inverse relation with significant trend in risk was found between ovarian
cancer and flavonols [odds ratio (OR), 0.63; 95% confidence intervals (CI)
0.47-0.84] as well as isoflavones (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37-0.69), comparing
the highest versus the lowest quintile. Further adjustment for fruit and
vegetable intake did not modify these associations, suggesting that
isoflavones and flavonols may have a distinct role in explaining the effect
of fruit and vegetable against ovarian cancer. On the basis of our findings
and the relevant literature, we infer that isoflavones, and perhaps
flavonols, may have favorable effects with respect to ovarian cancer risk"
-
Serum C-reactive protein concentrations are inversely associated with
dietary flavonoid intake in u.s. Adults - J Nutr. 2008 Apr;138(4):753-60
- "Among the flavonoid compounds investigated,
quercetin, kaempferol, malvidin, peonidin, daidzein, and genistein had
inverse associations with serum CRP concentration"
-
Neuroprotective Effects of the Citrus Flavanones against H2O2-Induced
Cytotoxicity in PC12 Cells - J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Jan 12 -
"the citrus flavanones hesperidin, hesperetin, and
neohesperidin, even at physiological concentrations, have neuroprotective
effects against H 2O 2-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. These dietary
antioxidants are potential candidates for use in the intervention for
neurodegenerative diseases" - See
Hesperidin products at iHerb.
-
Effects of flavonoids and phenolic acids on the inhibition of adipogenesis
in 3T3-L1 adipocytes - J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Oct 17;55(21):8404-10 -
"These results suggest that o-coumaric acid and
rutin targeted for adipocyte functions could be effective in improving the
symptoms of metabolic syndrome"
-
Flavonoids and the risk of renal cell carcinoma - Cancer Epidemiol
Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Jan;16(1):98-101 - "After
adjustment for major recognized confounding factors and total energy intake,
the odds ratios for subjects in the highest versus the lowest quintile of
intake were 0.80 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.58-1.11] for total
flavonoids, 0.76 (95% CI, 0.56-1.03) for isoflavones, 0.94 (95% CI,
0.60-1.47) for anthocyanidins, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.56-1.06) for flavan-3-ols,
0.90 (95% CI, 0.67-1.21) for flavanones, 0.68 (95% CI, 0.50-0.93) for
flavones, and 0.69 (95% CI, 0.50-0.95) for flavonols"
-
Flavonoids and laryngeal cancer risk in Italy - Ann Oncol. 2007 Mar 19 -
"Significant inverse relations were
found for the highest versus the lowest quintile of intake for flavan-3-ols
(OR = 0.64), flavanones (OR = 0.60), flavonols (OR = 0.32) and total
flavonoids (OR = 0.60)"
-
Treatment of metastatic melanoma B16F10 by the flavonoids tangeretin, rutin,
and diosmin - J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Aug 24;53(17):6791-7 -
"The greatest reduction in the
number of metastatic nodules (52%) was obtained with diosmin"
-
Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases
plasma epicatechin concentrations in healthy adults - J Am Coll Nutr.
2004 Jun;23(3):197-204 - "Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate
improves endothelial function"
-
Grape juice, but not orange juice or grapefruit juice, inhibits human
platelet aggregation - J Nutr. 2000 Jan;130(1):53-6
-
Inhibition of aromatase activity by flavonoids - Arch Pharm Res. 1999
Jun;22(3):309-12
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