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Anti-aging Research > Garlic
Garlic (Allium sativum)
Specific Recommendations:
News & Research:
-
Could
eating garlic reduce aging-related memory problems? - Science Daily, 4/8/19
- "Consuming garlic helps counteract age-related changes in gut bacteria
associated with memory problems, according to a new study conducted with mice.
The benefit comes from allyl sulfide, a compound in garlic known for its health
benefits ... the researchers gave oral allyl sulfide to mice that were 24 months
old, which correlates to people between 56 and 69 years of age. They compared
these mice with 4- and 24-month-old mice not receiving the dietary allyl sulfide
supplement ... The researchers observed that the older mice receiving the garlic
compound showed better long- and short-term memory and healthier gut bacteria
than the older mice that didn't receive the treatment. Spatial memory was also
impaired in the 24-month-old mice not receiving allyl sulfide ... The
researchers also found that oral allyl sulfide administration produces hydrogen
sulfide gas -- a messenger molecule that prevents intestinal inflammation -- in
the gut lumen" - See aged garlic at Amazon.com.
-
Consuming garlic and onions may lower colorectal cancer risk - Science
Daily, 2/21/19 - "The odds of having colorectal cancer was 79 percent lower in
adults who consumed high amounts of allium vegetable compared with those who
consumed low amounts"
-
Effects of Aged Garlic
Extract on Cholinergic, Glutamatergic and GABAergic Systems with Regard to
Cognitive Impairment in Aβ-Induced Rats - Nutrients. 2017 Jul 1;9(7)-
"AGE significantly improved
the working memory and tended to improve the reference memory in
cognitively-impaired rats. In addition, AGE significantly ameliorated the loss
of cholinergic neurons and increased the VGLUT1 and GAD levels in the
hippocampus of rat brains with Aβ-induced toxicity
... We concluded that AGE was able to attenuate the impairment of working memory
via the modification of cholinergic neurons, VGLUT1, and GAD in the hippocampus
of Aβ-induced rats"
-
Drinking
milk can prevent garlic breath, study finds - Science Daily, 2/4/13 -
"drinking milk while eating garlic-heavy food can reduce
the malodorous breath associated with garlic consumption"
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Aged garlic reduces cold and flu severity: RCT data - Nutra USA, 1/26/12 -
"Supplements of an aged garlic extract may reduce the
number of days a person suffers from cold and ‘flu by 61% ... Ninety days of
consuming the garlic supplement also produced a 21% reduction in the number of
symptoms of colds or flu" - [Abstract]
-
Garlic
doesn't just repel vampires - Science Daily, 8/15/11
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Garlic
could protect against hip osteoarthritis - Science Daily, 12/16/10 -
"women who consume a diet high in allium vegetables,
such as garlic, onions and leeks, have lower levels of hip osteoarthritis ... a
compound called diallyl disulphide limits the amount of cartilage-damaging
enzymes when introduced to a human cartilage cell-line in the laboratory ...
While we don't yet know if eating garlic will lead to high levels of this
component in the joint, these findings may point the way towards future
treatments and prevention of hip osteoarthritis"
-
Aged garlic shows blood pressure improvement benefits: Study - Nutra USA,
11/17/10 - "an aged garlic extract may reduce systolic
blood pressure by 10.2 mmHg ... the benefits were only observed in people with
initial systolic pressure (SBP) of 140 mmHg or over, and that no effects were
observed in people with lower SBP ... aged garlic extract of 3.84 grams (Kyolic,
Garlic High Potency Everyday Formula 112, Wakunga/Wagner) or placebo for 12
weeks ... Results showed a “marked difference” between the garlic and control
groups in subjects with ‘uncontrolled hypertension’" - [Abstract]
-
Garlic oil may reverse diabetes linked heart disease - Nutra USA, 9/30/10 -
"garlic oil supplementation for diabetic rats leads to
several alterations at multiple levels in hearts including cardiac contractile
functions and structures, myosin chain gene expressions, oxidative stress, and
apoptosis and related signaling activities" - [Abstract]
-
Garlic
oil shows protective effect against heart disease in diabetes - Science
Daily, 9/29/10 - "Garlic has "significant" potential for
preventing cardiomyopathy, a form of heart disease that is a leading cause of
death in people with diabetes ... people with diabetes have at least twice the
risk of death from heart disease as others ... The scientists fed either garlic
oil or corn oil to laboratory rats with diabetes. Animals given garlic oil
experienced beneficial changes associated with protection against heart damage"
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Chemists
Shed Light On Health Benefits Of Garlic - Science Daily, 1/30/09 -
"Along with onions, leeks and shallots, garlic is a
species in the family Alliaceae. All of these other plants contain a compound
that is very similar to allicin, but they do not have the same medicinal
properties. Dr. Pratt and his colleagues believe that this is due to a slower
rate of decomposition of the allicin analogs in the onions, leaks and shallots,
which leads to a lower level of sulfenic acid available to react as antioxidants
with radicals"
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Garlic and onions may reduce cholesterol gallstones: Study - Nutra USA,
11/27/08 - "Mice were divided into groups – one group
was fed the lithogenic diet, and the others fed the lithogenic diet supplemented
with 0.6 and 2.0 per cent garlic and onion, respectively ... The incidence of
gallstones in the latter group was found to be reduced by 15 to 30 per cent"
- [Abstract] - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com
 .
-
Garlic
Chemical Tablet Treats Diabetes I And II, Study Suggests - Science Daily,
11/19/08 - "A drug based on a chemical found in garlic
can treat diabetes types I and II when taken as a tablet"
-
Unpopular veggies vital for cancer protection: Study - Nutra USA, 10/7/08 -
"Significant inhibition of all the cancer cell lines
tested – stomach, lung, breast, kidney, skin, pancreas, prostate, and brain –
was observed for all the extracts from cruciferous vegetables, such as broccoli,
kale, Brussels sprouts, and curly cabbage, and vegetables of the genus Allium,
such as garlic ... These chemopreventive effects are likely related to the
formation of organosulfur compounds following mechanical disruption of these
vegetables, namely isothiocyanates from cruciferous and a series of allyl sulfur
molecules from Allium vegetables"
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Why Garlic Is Good for You - WebMD, 10/15/07 - "red
blood cells process compounds from digested garlic and turn them into the cell
messenger hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which relaxes blood vessels and increases
blood flow. Therefore, eating garlic may increase our natural supply of this
vital chemical and play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease"
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Garlic's
Goodness Best Released With A Crush - Science Daily, 10/6/07
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Garlic May Not Lower
Cholesterol - WebMD, 2/26/07 -
"The numbers just didn't move. There was no effect with
any of these three products, even though fairly high doses were used"
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Cooking Garlic? Crush
It First - WebMD, 2/16/07 -
"most garlic studies have tested raw garlic, and cooking
can damage those anticlotting compounds ... Crushing garlic may help prevent
that damage"
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Onions and Garlic May
Prevent Cancers - WebMD, 11/21/06 -
"people whose diets are rich in onions, garlic, and
other alliums have a much lower risk of several types of cancer than those who
avoid the pungent herbs"
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Garlic compounds may stop liver cancer growth - Nutra USA, 5/4/06 -
"A one per cent solution of each garlic extracts
appeared to inhibit the growth of the tumour completely"
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Can 2 Garlic Cloves a Day Keep the Doc Away? - WebMD, 4/4/05 -
"Ku's team recently found that allicin -- a compound
found in garlic -- prevents a mild form of pulmonary hypertension in rats.
Now they find that the garlic compound prevents a much more severe form of
pulmonary hypertension in rats"
-
The high five for hypertension - Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals,
12/04 -
"Co-enzyme Q10 ...
Omega-3 fatty acids ... Garlic ...
L-arginine ... Calcium"
-
Garlic Consumption Appears to Reduce Blood Pressure
- Doctor's Guide, 10/18/04 -
"those patients with the highest consumption of
garlic were more likely to have systolic blood pressures under 100 mm Hg
than individuals with lower garlic consumption. While the group that had
eaten more garlic also had lower diastolic blood-pressure readings, the
difference were not as robust"
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Garlic may reduce risk of prostate cancer - Life Extension Magazine,
3/03 - "The study indicated that eating just a tenth
of an ounce of scallions daily lowers prostate cancer risk by about 70%;
that same amount of garlic reduces the risk by about 53%. The study authors
suggest that one clove of garlic daily can achieve desired preventive
effects"
- Bad Breath, Healthy
Prostate - New Hope Natural Media, 12/20/02 -
"Men who consumed more than 10 grams per day of Allium vegetables had almost
a 50% reduction in risk of developing
prostate cancer, compared with those who consumed less than 2.2 grams
per day. Garlic was the most commonly consumed Allium vegetable, followed by
scallions and chives"
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Garlic May Prevent Cancer - Intelihealth, 11/6/02
- Garlic, Chives
Reduce Prostate Cancer - WebMD, 11/5/02 -
"filling your diet with garlic and scallions can help reduce the chance of
this potentially deadly cancer ... Garlic and scallions, along with onions,
leeks, chives, and shallots, are rich in flavonols,
substances in plants that have been shown to have antitumor effects. All of
these vegetables have previously been linked to lower risks of cancers of
the stomach, colon, esophagus, and perhaps breast ... although fruits and
vegetables slightly reduced prostate cancer,
the lower risk associated with allium vegetables was much more pronounced"
Abstracts:
-
Effect of garlic powder
supplementation on hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, and lipid profile in
patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind randomized
controlled clinical trial - Br J Nutr. 2020 Apr 21:1-18 -
"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a
range of disorders from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. There
is no proven drug treatment for NAFLD and diet modification is considered part
of the main line of treatment for this disease. The aim of this study was to
investigate the efficacy of garlic supplementation in NAFLD patients. The effect
of garlic powder supplementation on hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, and lipid
profile was investigated in NAFLD patients. Ninety NAFLD patients were randomly
assigned to take either a garlic powder supplement or a placebo for 12 weeks.
The treatment group received four tablets of garlic daily (each tablet contained
400 mg garlic powder). The control group received four tablets of placebo (each
placebo contained 400 mg starch). At the end of the study, hepatic steatosis
significantly reduced in the treatment group compared to the control group (P =
0.001). In addition, a significant decrease was seen in the treatment group
compared to the control group in the serum concentration of alanine transaminase
(P < 0.001), aspartate transaminase (P = 0.002), gamma-glutamyltransferase (P =
0.003), as well as total cholesterol (P = 0.009), triglyceride (P < 0.001),
high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P < 0.001) and low-density
lipoprotein-cholesterol (P = 0.01). No significant difference was seen between
the two groups in serum concentration of alkaline phosphatase. Overall, garlic
powder supplementation improved hepatic features and lipid profile among NAFLD
patients" - See
garlic at iHerb.com and garlic at
Amazon.com.
-
Antiatherosclerosis
Properties of Total Saponins of Garlic in Rats - Evid Based Complement
Alternat Med. 2020 Feb 27 - "atherosclerosis (AS) ...
total saponins of garlic (TSG) ... Administration of TSG markedly decreased
atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta of atherosclerotic rats. TSG restored the
serum lipid profile by significantly decreasing the lipid levels and had
effective antioxidation by inhibiting the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and
restoring the reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Additionally, the
ratio of thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α )
could be maintained in a relatively stable dynamic balance after administration
of TSG to maintain the vascular homeostasis. In summary, TSG had therapeutic
effects on AS, which are promising as functional foods or nutraceuticals for the
prevention and treatment of AS." - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
-
A randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, evaluating the garlic
supplement effects on some serum biomarkers of oxidative stress, and quality of
life in women with rheumatoid arthritis - Int J Clin Pract. 2020 Mar 11 -
"Seventy women with RA participated in this randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-design trial. The patients were
randomly divided into two groups, receiving two tablets of either 500 mg garlic
or placebo daily for eight weeks ... total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and
malondialdehyde (MDA) ... health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) ... At the end
of the study, there was a significant increase in serum levels of TAC in the
garlic group as compared to the placebo group (26.58±77.30 nmol of Trolox
equivalent/ml vs. 16.11±0.92 nmol of Trolox equivalent/ml; P=0.026). In
addition, MDA levels were significantly decreased in the intervention group
compared with the control group (-0.82±1.99 nmol/ml vs. 0.36±2.57 nmol/ml;
P=0.032). Pain after activity and HAQ scores decreased in the garlic group
compared to the placebo (-11.96±13.43 mm vs. -0.06±13.41 mm; P<0.001, 0.17±20
vs. 0.05±0.15; P<0.001, respectively)" - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
-
The effects of garlic
supplementation on weight loss: A systematic review and meta-analysis of
randomized controlled trials - Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2019 Jul 30:1-13 -
"Pooled analysis showed that garlic administration might
significantly decrease WC (Weighed Mean Difference (WMD): -1.10 cm, 95% CI:
-2.13, -0.07, P = 0.03, I2 = 0%). However, garlic intervention had no
significant effect on body weight (WMD): -0.17 kg, 95% CI: -0.75 to 0.39, P =
0.54, I2 = 0%) and BMI (WMD: -0.17 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.52, 0.16, P = 0.30, I2 =
44.5%) as compared to controls. From Subgroup analysis, it was ascertained that
the effect of garlic supplementation on BMI was significant in trials with
duration < 12 weeks (WMD: -0.58 kg/m2, 95% CI: -1.08, -0.08, I2 = 19.8%, P =
0.02) compared to those with higher duration (>12 weeks). The current
meta-analysis results suggest that garlic supplementation seems to reduce waist
circumference unlike body weight and BMI."
-
Garlic extract favorably
modifies markers of endothelial function in obese patients -randomized double
blind placebo-controlled nutritional intervention - Biomed Pharmacother.
2018 Jun;102:792-797 - "At the end of study SI
(p = 0.01), hsCRP (p < 0.001, PAI-1 (p < 0.001), LDL cholesterol (p < 0.001),
and TAS (p < 0.01) were reduced in the GE-supplemented group, but not in the
placebo group" - [Nutra
USA]
-
Aged garlic extract
supplementation modifies inflammation and immunity of adults with obesity: A
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial - Clin Nutr
ESPEN. 2018 Apr;24:148-155 - "At the end of study, serum
IL-6 (p = 0.04) and TNF-α (p = 0.05) of participants consuming AGE were
significantly lower than those consuming the placebo capsules. PBMC flow
cytometry results showed that participants from the AGE group had a higher
proportion of γδ-T cells (p = 0.03) and a lower proportion of NKT cells (p =
0.02) in the total population of lymphocytes. There was no difference in
percentage of NK cells between the two groups. A significant difference in blood
LDL concentration was also observed" - [Nutra
USA]
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Effect of Raw Crushed
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) on Components of Metabolic Syndrome - J Diet
Suppl. 2017 Sep 28:1-8 - "Raw crushed garlic
significantly reduced components of metabolic syndrome including waist
circumference (p < .05), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < .001),
triglycerides (p < .01), fasting blood glucose (p < .0001) and significantly
increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol"
-
Aged garlic extract
suppresses inflammation in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice - Mol Nutr Food
Res. 2017 Jul 20 - "The anti-atherosclerotic effect of
AGE involves the suppression of inflammation by reducing the serum level of CRP
and TXB2 , and the protein level of TNF-α and IRAK4, and increasing AMPK
activity in liver" - See aged garlic at Amazon.com.
-
Effects of Aged Garlic
Extract on Cholinergic, Glutamatergic and GABAergic Systems with Regard to
Cognitive Impairment in Aβ-Induced Rats - Nutrients. 2017 Jul 1;9(7)-
"AGE significantly improved the working memory and
tended to improve the reference memory in cognitively-impaired rats. In
addition, AGE significantly ameliorated the loss of cholinergic neurons and
increased the VGLUT1 and GAD levels in the hippocampus of rat brains with
Aβ-induced toxicity ... We concluded that AGE was able to attenuate the
impairment of working memory via the modification of cholinergic neurons,
VGLUT1, and GAD in the hippocampus of Aβ-induced rats" - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
-
Neuroprotective Effects
of Aged Garlic Extract on Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation Induced by
β-Amyloid in Rats - Nutrients. 2017 Jan 3;9(1) - "Neuroinflammation
is pathological evidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that likely starts as a
host defense response to the damaging effects of the β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits in
the brain ... Aged garlic extract (AGE) has been reported to have multiple
biological activities, including anti-inflammatory effects ... Adult male Wistar
rats were given AGE (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg BW, body weight), orally
administered, daily for 56 days. They were then injected with 1 μL of aggregated
Aβ (1-42) into the lateral ventricles; bilaterally. Seven days later, their
recognition memory was evaluated using a novel object recognition (NOR) test.
Then the rats were sacrificed to investigate the alteration of microglia cells,
IL-1β and TNFα in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. The results indicated
that AGE at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg BW significantly improved short-term
recognition memory in cognitively impaired rats. In addition, AGE significantly
minimized the inflammatory response by reducing the activation of microglia and
IL-1β to the levels found in the control, which is similar to the results found
in Celebrex-treated rats" - See Now
Foods Garlic 5000 Tablets, 90 Count at Amazon.com.
-
Garlic Attenuates Plasma
and Kidney ACE-1 and AngII Modulations in Early Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic
Rats: Renal Clearance and Blood Pressure Implications - Evid Based
Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:8142394 - "These GE
induced rectifications were associated with moderation in BP elevation and renal
clearance functions. Garlic attenuates modulations in plasma and kidney ACE-1
and AngII, in addition to BP and renal clearance function in type-1 DM"
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Anti-Proliferation Effects
of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) on the Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Phytother Res. 2016 May 18 - "Garlic administration
decreased relative prostate weight ratio, suppressed mRNA expression level of
AR, DHT serum levels, and the growth of prostatic tissue in BPH-induced rats.
Moreover, garlic administration decreased the levels of inflammatory proteins,
iNOS, and COX-2 in prostatic tissue. Further investigation showed that garlic
induced accumulation of death-inducing signal complex and activation of AMPK and
decreased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and
survivin. These results suggest that garlic may have suppressing effects on BPH
and it has great potential to be developed as treatment for BPH"
-
The effect of aged garlic
extract on blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors in uncontrolled
hypertensives: the AGE at Heart trial - Integr Blood Press Control. 2016 Jan
27;9:9-21 - "a double-blind randomized
placebo-controlled trial of 12 weeks investigating the effect of daily intake of
aged garlic extract (1.2 g containing 1.2 mg S-allylcysteine) or placebo on
blood pressure ... Mean blood pressure was significantly reduced by 5.0±2.1 mmHg
(P=0.016) systolic, and in responders by 11.5±1.9 mmHg systolic and 6.3±1.1 mmHg
diastolic compared to placebo ... Aged garlic extract was highly tolerable with
a high safety profile as a stand-alone or adjunctive antihypertensive treatment"
- [Nutra
USA]
-
Garlic
Lowers Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Individuals, Regulates Serum Cholesterol,
and Stimulates Immunity: An Updated Meta-analysis and Review - J Nutr. 2016
Jan 13 - "Our updated meta-analysis on the effect of
garlic on blood pressure, which included 20 trials with 970 participants, showed
a mean ± SE decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 5.1 ± 2.2 mm Hg (P <
0.001) and a mean ± SE decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 2.5 ± 1.6
mm Hg (P < 0.002) compared with placebo. Subgroup analysis of trials in
hypertensive subjects (SBP/DBP ≥140/90 mm Hg) at baseline revealed a larger
significant reduction in SBP of 8.7 ± 2.2 mm Hg (P < 0.001; n = 10) and in DBP
of 6.1 ± 1.3 mm Hg (P < 0.001; n = 6). A previously published meta-analysis on
the effect of garlic on blood lipids, which included 39 primary RCTs and 2300
adults treated for a minimum of 2 wk, suggested garlic to be effective in
reducing total and LDL cholesterol by 10% if taken for >2 mo by individuals with
slightly elevated concentrations [e.g., total cholesterol >200 mg/dL (>5.5 mmol/L)].
Garlic has immunomodulating effects by increasing macrophage activity, natural
killer cells, and the production of T and B cells. Clinical trials have shown
garlic to significantly reduce the number, duration, and severity of upper
respiratory infections"
-
Garlic and
Heart Disease - J Nutr. 2016 Jan 13 - "Garlic
supplementation reduced blood pressure by 7-16 mm Hg (systolic) and 5-9 mm Hg
(diastolic) (4 meta-analyses and 2 original studies). It reduced total
cholesterol by 7.4-29.8 mg/dL (8 meta-analyses)" - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
-
Antioxidant
and hypolipidemic potential of aged garlic extract and its constituent, s-allyl
cysteine, in rats - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015;2015:328545 -
"Aged garlic extract (AGE) is one of the unique
preparations standardized with 100% bioavailable active ingredients found in the
bloodstream. The current research was aimed at exploring the role of AGE and its
chief active constituent, s-allyl cysteine (SAC) as antioxidant and
hypolipidemic agent in rats ... Both AGE and SAC significantly declined elevated
levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, ALP, AST, ALT, malondialdehyde,
glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, total glutathione and oxidised
glutathione in serum and inclined superoxide dismutase, catalase, ferric
reducing/antioxidant power, and total sulfhydryl values in liver tissue with
reduction in thiobarbituric acid reactive species. The protective effects were
superior with AGE compared with SAC indicating potential implication of other
active constituents apart from SAC in AGE for combating hyperlipidemic stress"
-
Garlic for hypertension: A
systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials -
Phytomedicine. 2015 Mar 15 - "A total of seven
randomized, placebo-controlled trials were identified. Compared with the
placebo, this meta-analysis revealed a significant lowering effect of garlic on
both systolic BP (WMD: -6.71 mmHg; 95% CI: -12.44 to -0.99; P = 0.02) and
diastolic BP (WMD: -4.79 mmHg; 95% CI: -6.60 to -2.99; P < 0.00001). No serious
adverse events were reported in any of the trials" - [Nutra
USA]
-
Effect of Garlic on Blood Pressure: A Meta-Analysis - J Clin Hypertens
(Greenwich). 2015 Jan 5 - "Pooled analysis showed that garlic intake caused a
3.75-mm Hg reduction (95% confidence interval [CI], -5.04 to -2.45, I2 =30.7%;
P<.001) in systolic BP and a 3.39-mm Hg reduction (95% CI, -4.14 to -2.65, I2
=67%; P<.001) in diastolic BP compared with controls. Meta-analysis of subgroups
showed a significant reduction in systolic BP in hypertensive (-4.4 mm Hg; 95%
CI, -7.37 to -1.42, I2 =0.0%; P=.004) but not normotensive patients"
-
Meta-Analysis: Does Garlic Intake Reduce Risk of Gastric Cancer? - Nutr
Cancer. 2014 Nov 20:1-11 - "Garlic contains numerous
sulfide compounds, including diallyl trisulfide, which have anticarcinogenic
properties. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine if garlic intake reduces
the risk of gastric cancer ... High, low, and any garlic intake were all
associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer. High intake had the most
significant risk reduction, OR = 0.49 (95% CI: 0.38-0.62). Heterogeneity was low
(I2 = 30.85, P = 0.17). A more modest risk reduction was associated with low
intake, OR = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.58-0.97). Half of the studies did not separate
garlic intake into high or low amounts, intake was only noted as consumption vs.
non-consumption. Any amount of consumption still showed a risk reduction similar
to low intake, OR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.60-1.00). Low and any amount of consumption
showed moderate heterogeneity (58% and 45%, respectively)" - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
-
Garlic
essential oil protects against obesity-triggered nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease through modulation of lipid metabolism and oxidative stress - J
Agric Food Chem. 2014 May 23 - "investigated the
protective properties of garlic essential oil (GEO) and its major organosulfur
component (diallyl disulfide, DADS) against the development of NAFLD ... These
results demonstrate that GEO and DADS dose-dependently protected obese mice with
long-term HFD-induced NAFLD from lipid accumulation, inflammation, and oxidative
damage by ameliorating lipid metabolic disorders and oxidative stress"
-
Garlic
intake is an independent predictor of endothelial function in patients with
ischemic stroke - J Nutr Health Aging. 2013;17(7):600-4 -
"ischemic stroke (ISS) ... 125 Chinese patients with
prior ISS due to athero-thrombotic disease were recruited from the outpatient
clinics during July 2005 to December 2006 ... validated food frequency
questionnaire ... Daily garlic intake is an independent predictor of endothelial
function in patients with ISS and may play a role in the secondary prevention of
atherosclerotic events" - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
-
Raw garlic consumption as
a protective factor for lung cancer, a population-based case-control study in a
Chinese population - Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013 Jul;6(7):711-8 -
"Epidemiologic data were collected by face-to-face
interviews using a standard questionnaire among 1,424 lung cancer cases and
4,543 healthy controls ... raw garlic consumption of 2 times or more per week is
inversely associated with lung cancer (OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.44-0.72) with a
monotonic dose-response relationship"
-
Aged garlic
extract reduces blood pressure in hypertensives: a dose-response trial - Eur
J Clin Nutr. 2012 Nov 21 - "A total of 79 general
practice patients with uncontrolled systolic hypertension participated in a
double-blind randomised placebo-controlled dose-response trial of 12 weeks.
Participants were allocated to one of three garlic groups with either of one,
two or four capsules daily of aged garlic extract (240/480/960 mg containing
0.6/1.2/2.4 mg of S-allylcysteine) or placebo ... Mean systolic blood pressure
was significantly reduced by 11.8+/-5.4 mm Hg in the garlic-2-capsule group over
12 weeks compared with placebo (P=0.006), and reached borderline significant
reduction in the garlic-4-capsule group at 8 weeks (-7.4+/-4.1 mm Hg, P=0.07).
Changes in systolic blood pressure in the garlic-1-capsule group and diastolic
blood pressure were not significantly different to placebo. Tolerability,
compliance and acceptability were high in all garlic groups (93%) and highest in
the groups taking one or two capsules daily"
-
Garlic
extract attenuating rat liver fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1 - Clin Nutr.
2012 Jul 24 - "These findings concurrently suggested
that GE elicited therapeutic effect against liver fibrosis. Regression of liver
fibrosis occurred by reducing myofibroblasts (through modulation of HSCs
activation mechanisms), remodelling extracellular matrix (through increase of
its degradation) and regenerating liver tissue and functions: three processes
regulated by fine mechanisms where active TGF-β1 and tTG play a central role".
-
Supplementation with aged garlic extract improves both NK and γδ-T cell function
and reduces the severity of cold and flu symptoms: A randomized, double-blind,
placebo-controlled nutrition intervention - Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan 24 -
"After 45 d of consuming an encapsulated aged garlic
extract, γδ-T cells (p = 0.039, n = 56) and NK cells (p = 0.043, n = 56) were
shown to proliferate better compared to placebo. After 90 d of supplementation,
illness diary entries showed that the incidence of colds and flu, a secondary
outcome, were not statistically different; however, the group consuming the aged
garlic extract appeared to have reduced severity as noted by a reduction in the
number of symptoms reported (21% fewer, p < 0.001, z-test of proportions), a
reduction in the number of days (61% fewer, p < 0.001, z-test) and incidences
(58% fewer p < 0.001, z-test) where the subjects functioned sub-optimally and
the number of work/school days missed due to illness (58% fewer, p = 0.035,
z-test) ... These results suggest that supplementation of the diet with aged
garlic extract may enhance immune cell function and that this may be
responsible, in part, for reduced severity of colds and flu"
-
Vitamin,
mineral, and specialty supplements and risk of hematologic malignancies in the
prospective VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) study - Cancer Epidemiol
Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Jul 29 - "After adjustment, high
use of garlic supplements (≥4 days/week for ≥3 years; HR=0.55 [95% confidence
interval: 0.34-0.87]; p=0.028 for trend) and ever use of grape seed supplements
(HR=0.57 [0.37-0.88]) were inversely associated with hematologic malignancies in
our models. In addition, high use (8-10 pill-years) of multivitamins was
suggestive of an inverse association (HR)=0.80 [0.64-1.01]). In contrast, no
associations were observed for the remaining supplements ... These data indicate
that use of garlic and grape seed may be associated with reduced risk of
hematologic malignancies.Impact: This is the first cohort study to suggest a
possible role of these supplements in the chemoprevention of hematologic
malignancies"
-
Hematological malignancy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia -
"Hematological malignancies are the types of cancer
that affect blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes"
-
S-allylmercaptocysteine effectively inhibits the proliferation of colorectal
cancer cells under in vitro and in vivo conditions - Cancer Lett. 2011 Jun
30 - "S-allylmercaptocysteine (SAMC), one of the
water-soluble organosulfur garlic derivatives, has been demonstrated as a
suppressive agent against some tumors. The effects of SAMC on the proliferation
and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) under in vitro and in vivo conditions
were evaluated here. The viabilities and migrations of CRC cells SW480, SW620,
Caco-2 treated with SAMC were measured by MTT, scratch-wound, and transwell
assays. The in vivo anticancer effect of SAMC against luciferase-expressing
SW620 xenografts in mice was determined by bioluminescence imaging and
histopathology observation. The apoptosis of SAMC-treated CRC cells was examined
by Western blotting. The results demonstrate that SAMC could effectively
suppress the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells both in vivo and
in vitro. The anticancer effect of SAMC was related to the decreased
proliferation and increased apoptosis as well as necrosis of cancer cells. Oral
administration of SAMC in the quantity/concentration used had no apparent toxic
side effect on the vital organs of the experimental mice. Taken together, the
proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells can be significantly suppressed by
SAMC treatment under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. SAMC may thus be a
promising candidate for CRC chemotherapy"
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Aged garlic extract lowers
blood pressure in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension: a
randomised controlled trial - Maturitas. 2010 Oct;67(2):144-50 -
"In patients with uncontrolled hypertension (SBP ≥ 140
mmHg at baseline), systolic blood pressure was on average 10.2 +/- 4.3 mmHg
(p=0.03) lower in the garlic group compared with controls over the 12-week
treatment period. Changes in blood pressure between the groups were not
significant in patients with SBP<140 mmHg at baseline. Aged garlic extract was
generally well tolerated and acceptability of trial treatment was high (92%)"
-
Allicin
purified from fresh garlic cloves induces apoptosis in colon cancer cells via
nrf2 - Nutr Cancer. 2010 Oct;62(7):947-57 -
"Treatment with allicin resulted in HCT-116 apoptotic cell death as demonstrated
by enhanced hypodiploid DNA content, decreased levels of B-cell non-Hodgkin
lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), increased levels of bax and increased capability of
releasing cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol. Allicin also induced
translocation of NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) to the nuclei of HCT-116 cells.
Luciferase reporter gene assay showed that allicin induces Nrf2-mediated
luciferase transactivation activity. SiRNA knock down of Nrf2 significantly
affected the capacity of allicin to inhibit HCT-116 proliferation. These results
suggest that Nrf2 mediates the allicin-induced apoptotic death of colon cancer
cells"
-
Cardiac Contractile Dysfunction and Apoptosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic
Rats Are Ameliorated by Garlic Oil Supplementation - J Agric Food Chem. 2010
Sep 13 - "these diabetes-related cardiac dysfunctions
were almost dose-dependently ameliorated by garlic oil administration. In
conclusion, garlic oil possesses significant potential for protecting hearts
from diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy"
-
Aged
garlic extract lowers blood pressure in patients with treated but
uncontrolled hypertension: A randomised controlled trial - Maturitas.
2010 Jun 29 - "In patients with uncontrolled
hypertension (SBP>/=140mmHg at baseline), systolic blood pressure was on
average 10.2+/-4.3mmHg (p=0.03) lower in the garlic group compared with
controls over the 12-week treatment period. Changes in blood pressure
between the groups were not significant in patients with SBP<140mmHg at
baseline. Aged garlic extract was generally well tolerated and acceptability
of trial treatment was high (92%). CONCLUSION: Our trial suggests that aged
garlic extract is superior to placebo in lowering systolic blood pressure
similarly to current first line medications in patients with treated but
uncontrolled hypertension"
-
Time-released garlic powder tablets lower systolic and diastolic blood
pressure in men with mild and moderate arterial hypertension - Hypertens
Res. 2009 Apr 24 - "hypotensive action of
time-released garlic powder tablets (Allicor) was compared with that of
regular garlic pills (Kwai) in 84 men with mild or moderate arterial
hypertension ... Allicor treatment (600 mg daily) resulted in a reduction of
both systolic and diastolic blood pressures by 7.0 mm Hg (95% confidence
interval (95% CI): 5.3-8.7) and 3.8 mm Hg (95% CI: 2.7-4.8), respectively.
Increasing the Allicor dosage to 2400 mg daily did not provide any
additional benefit. Treatment with Kwai resulted in the same decrease in
systolic blood pressure (5.4 mm Hg, 95% CI: 1.9-8.8) as that seen with
Allicor, but no decrease in diastolic blood pressure was observed with Kwai
... The results of this study show that time-released garlic powder tablets
are more effective for the treatment of mild and moderate arterial
hypertension than are regular garlic supplements"
-
Dietary garlic and onion reduce the incidence of atherogenic diet-induced
cholesterol gallstones in experimental mice - Br J Nutr. 2008 Nov 5:1-9
- "Dietary garlic and onion markedly reduced biliary
cholesterol ... Serum and liver cholesterol were decreased by feeding garlic
or onion compared to the LG diet. Thus, dietary Allium spices exerted
antilithogenic influence by decreasing the cholesterol hyper-secretion into
bile and increasing the bile acid output thus decreasing the formation of
lithogenic bile in experimental mice"
-
Effects
of Garlic on Blood Pressure in Patients With and Without Systolic
Hypertension: A Meta-Analysis (December) - Ann Pharmacother. 2008 Nov 18
- "Garlic reduced SBP by 16.3 mm Hg (95% CI 6.2 to
26.5) and DBP by 9.3 mmHg (95% CI 5.3 to 13.3) compared with placebo in
patients with elevated SBP"
-
Onion and garlic intake and the odds of benign prostatic hyperplasia -
Urology. 2007 Oct;70(4):672-6 - "Compared with
nonusers, the multivariate ORs for the highest category of onion and garlic
intake were 0.41 ... This uniquely large data set from European populations
showed an inverse association between allium vegetable consumption and BPH"
-
Onion and garlic use and human cancer - Am J Clin Nutr. 2006
Nov;84(5):1027-32 - "The multivariate ORs for the
highest category of onion and garlic intake were, respectively, 0.16 and
0.61 for cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, 0.12 and 0.43 for esophageal
cancer, 0.44 and 0.74 for colorectal cancer, 0.17 and 0.56 for laryngeal
cancer, 0.75 and 0.90 for breast cancer, 0.27 and 0.78 for ovarian cancer,
0.29 and 0.81 for prostate cancer, and 0.62 and 0.69 for renal cell cancer"
-
Garlic reduces dementia and heart-disease risk - J Nutr. 2006
Mar;136(3):810S-2S - "compelling evidence supports
the beneficial health effects attributed to AGE in helping prevent
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and lowering the risk of
dementia and AD"
-
Antiglycation properties of aged garlic extract: possible role in prevention
of diabetic complications - J Nutr. 2006 Mar;136(3):796S-9S -
"S-Allylcysteine, a key component of aged garlic, is
a potent antioxidant and can inhibit AGEP formation"
-
Aged garlic extract improves homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction in
macro- and microcirculation - J Nutr. 2006 Mar;136(3):750S-4S -
"AGE may at least partly prevent a decrease in
bioavailable NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor during acute
hyperhomocysteinemia"
-
Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) powder tablets on serum lipids, blood
pressure and arterial stiffness in normo-lipidaemic volunteers: a
randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Br J Nutr. 2004 Oct;92(4):701-6 -
"garlic powder tablets have no clinically relevant
lipid-lowering and blood pressure-lowering effects in middle-aged,
normo-lipidaemic individuals. The putative anti-atherosclerotic effect of
garlic may be linked to risk markers other than blood lipids"
-
Effects of garlic thioallyl derivatives on growth, glutathione
concentration, and polyamine formation of human prostate carcinoma cells in
culture - Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Aug;66(2):398-405 -
"These data provide further evidence that
nonessential nutrients derived from garlic may modulate tumor growth."
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