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Diets
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Report: Keto diet could increase risk of heart disease, cardiac events -
10News.com, 3/7/23 - "Our study found that regular
consumption of a self-reported diet low in carbohydrates and high in fat was
associated with increased levels of LDL cholesterol— or “bad” cholesterol—and a
higher risk of heart disease"
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It’s not just what you eat, but the time of
day you eat it - Washington Post, 1/10/23 - "When
you eat your meals is just one of many dietary factors that can influence your
metabolic health. And for some people, like night-shift workers, it’s impossible
not to consume meals late at night ... But for those whose schedules permit,
research suggests that having your biggest meal of the day in the morning or
afternoon rather than at night could be beneficial ... In a new study published
in Obesity Reviews, scientists looked at data from nine rigorous clinical trials
involving 485 adults. They found that people who were assigned to follow diets
where they consumed most of their calories earlier in the day lost more weight
than people who did the reverse. They also had greater improvements in their
blood sugar, cholesterol levels and insulin sensitivity, a marker of diabetes
risk."
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Long
term high-fat diet expands waistline and shrinks brain - Science Daily,
7/7/22 - "In the study, mice were randomly
allocated to a standard diet or a high-fat diet for 30 weeks, starting at eight
weeks of age. Food intake, body weight and glucose levels were monitored at
different intervals, along with glucose and insulin tolerance tests and
cognitive dysfunction ... The mice on the high-fat diet gained a lot of weight,
developed insulin resistance and started behaving abnormally compared to those
fed a standard diet ... Genetically modified Alzheimer's disease mice showed a
significant deterioration of cognition and pathological changes in the brain
while fed the high fat diet ... Obese individuals have about a 55 per cent
increased risk of developing depression, and diabetes will double that risk"
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Low-Carb, High-Fat Diet
Improves A1c, Reduces Liver Fat: Study - Medscape, 6/27/22 -
"A low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diet reduced the
progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and despite no calorie
restriction, participants with both NAFLD and type 2 diabetes lost 5.8% of their
body weight ... Basically, if you have fat in your liver, you will benefit from
eating fat ... Those on the LCHF diet consumed an average of 61% energy from
fat, 13% from carbohydrates, and 23% from protein, compared with the low-fat
diet, which comprised an average of 29% energy from fat, 46% from carbohydrates,
and 21% from protein ... It's a lot of fat and corresponds to a quarter of a
liter of olive oil per day ... The LCHF diet was primarily comprised of
unsaturated fats — for example, avocado, oil, nuts, and seeds — but also
included saturated fats, such as cheese, cream, and high-fat dairy products ...
We found that the LCHF diet improved diabetes control, it reduced the fat in the
liver, and, even though they're eating as many calories as they were used to
until they were full, they lost 5.8% of body weight"
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Ketosis, Including
Ketogenic Diets, Implicated in Prurigo Pigmentosa - Medscape, 10/5/21 -
"Ketogenic diets are gaining popularity globally
for weight loss. After 2-4 weeks [on a strict ketogenic diet], some patients
start to notice very pruritic papules on their trunk, the so-called keto rash
... I tell my residents that this is a disease you will never forget after your
first case"
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Diet High in Processed Meats Could Shorten Your Life - WebMD, 3/31/21 -
"Why are processed meats, such as hot dogs, cold cuts
and bacon, considered to be so unhealthy? ... "We believe this might be the
result of food preservatives, food additives and color because if you compare,
cholesterol and saturated fat in unprocessed and also processed are very
similar, the difference is in food additives and color and nitrate," said study
author Mahshid Dehghan, an investigator at the Population Health Research
Institute of McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences in Ontario,
Canada." - Note: But a lot of so-called 'processed meat' these days
address that. They claim 'no additives or nitrates'.
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Burger King’s Impossible Whopper tastes even better than the real thing -
Washington Post, 4/16/19 - "At a Burger King in the
Academy neighborhood, the store has already sold out of its supply, twice, in
the week or so since the Impossible Whopper was introduced, said assistant
manager Nikiesha Harvey. People have been calling and coming in from all parts
of the country to order one, or a dozen, some as far away as California and
Florida, she said ... Part of this trickeration can be attributed to Impossible
Foods, the San Francisco Bay-area start-up that this year rolled out a new
formula for its plant-based patties. The company has substituted soy protein for
wheat protein to give the patty a more beeflike texture. It has also added
methyl cellulose, a plant-based binder, to make the burger juicier. And this is
in addition to the not-so-secret ingredient, heme, which Impossible Foods
produces by injecting the DNA of a soy plant into genetically engineered yeast,
which is then fermented ... After eating more than a dozen Impossible-branded
burgers in St. Louis — including Red Robin’s thick-cut version, which had none
of the chin-dribbling juices you desire from a big, sloppy grilled hamburger —
I’ve come to the conclusion that the producer of this meat alternative is a
master illusionist. After one bite, you swear the Impossible patty tastes just
like beef. After a second bite, you begin to sense the illusion behind the
science. After a third, you’re ready to invest in the whole enterprise. With
time, the illusion becomes its own alternative reality: The product is close
enough to beef that your brain is willing to fill in the rest of the flavors,
even if somewhere in the dark recesses of your cerebral cortex, you know it’s
all a lie."
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Poor Diets Are Linked
to 20% of All Deaths Worldwide, Study Says. But These Foods Could Help -
Time, 4/3/19 - "Eating too much sodium — which is linked to high blood pressure
and heart conditions — was the largest cause of diet-related death globally, the
researchers found. But on the whole, “the main problem we see is the low intake
of healthy food,” rather than high intake of unhealthy food, Afshin says. Aside
from over-eating sodium and trans fats, most of the top dietary risk factors
were related to not eating enough nutritious foods, including whole grains, nuts
and seeds, fruits, vegetables, polyunsaturated fats and legumes, Afshin says."
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Counting Calories Is Not the Key to Weight Loss, New Study Finds - NYT,
2/20/18 - "a new study, published Tuesday in JAMA,
may turn that advice on its head. It found that people who cut back on added
sugar, refined grains and highly processed foods while concentrating on
eating plenty of vegetables and whole foods — without worrying about
counting calories or limiting portion sizes — lost significant amounts of
weight over the course of a year ... The strategy worked for people whether
they followed diets that were mostly low in fat or mostly low in
carbohydrates. And their success did not appear to be influenced by their
genetics or their insulin-response to carbohydrates, a finding that casts
doubt on the increasingly popular idea that different diets should be
recommended to people based on their DNA makeup or on their tolerance for
carbs or fat"
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High-Protein Diets, Like the Popular Dr. Dukan Diet, Increase the Risk of
Developing Kidney Disease in Rats, Study Suggests - Science Daily,
1/21/14 - "researchers studied 20 Wistar rats,
divided into two groups of 10. The first group were fed a high-protein diet
of commercial hydrolysed protein supplements with a 45% protein level. The
control group were fed a normal protein diet. The experiment lasted 12
weeks, which is the equivalent of 9 years in human terms ... the rats on a
high-protein diet lost up to 10% of their body weight over the 12 weeks with
no improvement in their plasma lipid profile. Moreover, urinary citrate in
these rats was 88% lower and urinary pH was 15% more acidic. In the animals
fed a high-protein diet, kidney weight increased by 22%, glomerular area --
the network of capillaries that filter blood in the kidneys -- by 13%, and
the mesangium -- a collagen structure surrounded by these capillaries -- by
32% ... Eating large amounts of fruit and vegetables reduces the risk of
kidney stones forming -- probably due to their high potassium and magnesium
content, which compensates for the acidity of the high-protein diet"
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No Proof That 'Blood-Type' Diets Work: Study - WebMD, 1/20/14 -
"researchers looked at 1,455 people and found no
proof to support the blood-type diet theory"
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U.S. News Ranks Best Diets for Weight Loss, Healthy Eating and More - US
News and World Report, 1/7/14 - "The panel deemed
the DASH diet the best overall, as it outscored most other plans in its
healthiness and likelihood to ward off diseases such as diabetes and heart
disease. And once again, panelists ranked Weight Watchers the best diet for
weight loss, as well as the easiest diet to follow and the top diet among
commercial plans"
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Low fat diet is key to a slimmer figure, study suggests - Science Daily,
12/6/12 - "Exchanging fatty foods for lower fat
alternatives will help people shift around three-and-a-half pounds --
without any other form of dieting. People taking part in trials also saw
their waist-lines become slimmer, and levels of bad cholesterol decrease ...
The results show that eating less fat reduces body weight by 1.6kg, BMI by
0.56kg/m² and waist circumference by 0.5cm. All these effects were in trials
in which weight loss was not the intended outcome, suggesting that they
occur in people with normal diets. The weight loss happened quickly and was
maintained over at least seven years"
- Diet Plans That Work - US
News Best Diets - US News and World Report, 1/4/12 -
"Best Diets Overall ... DASH Diet ... TLC Diet ...
Best Weight-Loss Diets ... Weight Watchers ... Best Diabetes Diets ...
Biggest Loser Diet ... Biggest Loser Diet ... DASH Diet ... Best
Heart-Healthy Diets ... Ornish Diet ... TLC Diet"
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Cut
down on 'carbs' to reduce body fat, study authors say - Science Daily,
6/5/11 - "Subjects received either a standard
lower-fat diet or a diet with a modest reduction in carbohydrates, or
"carbs," but slightly higher in fat than the standard diet. The moderately
carb-restricted diet contained foods that had a relatively low glycemic
index, a measure of the extent to which the food raises blood glucose
levels. This diet consisted of 43 percent calories from carbohydrates and 39
percent calories from fat, whereas the standard diet contained 55 percent of
calories from carbohydrates and 27 percent from fat. Protein made up the
other 18 percent of each diet ... After the weight maintenance phase,
subjects who consumed the moderately carb-restricted diet had 11 percent
less deep abdominal fat than those who ate the standard diet. However, when
the researchers analyzed results by race, they found it was exclusive to
whites. Whites have more deep abdominal fat than Blacks even when matched
for body weight or percent body fat, and may benefit from loss of this
metabolically harmful depot"
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Right food effectively protects against risk for diabetes, cardiovascular
disease and cognitive decline, study finds - Science Daily, 10/15/10 -
"The results of a diet study show that bad
cholesterol was reduced by 33 per cent, blood lipids by 14 per cent, blood
pressure by 8 per cent and a risk marker for blood clots by 26 per cent. A
marker of inflammation in the body was also greatly reduced, while memory
and cognitive function were improved ... The test diet was high in
antioxidants, low-GI foods (i.e. slow release carbohydrates), omega fatty
acids, wholegrain products, probiotics and viscous dietary fibre. Examples
of foods eaten were oily fish, barley, soy protein, blueberries, almonds,
cinnamon, vinegar and a certain type of wholegrain bread"
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Mood
Improves On Low-fat, But Not Low-carb, Diet Plan - Science Daily,
11/10/09 - "After one year, a low-calorie, low-fat
diet appears more beneficial to dieters' mood than a low-carbohydrate plan
with the same number of calories"
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Low-carb Diets Linked To Atherosclerosis And Impaired Blood Vessel Growth
- Science Daily, 8/25/09 - "Even as
low-carbohydrate/high-protein diets have proven successful at helping
individuals rapidly lose weight, little is known about the diets' long-term
effects on vascular health ... mice placed on a 12-week low
carbohydrate/high-protein diet showed a significant increase in
atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the heart's arteries and a leading
cause of heart attack and stroke ... our research suggests that, at least in
animals, these diets could be having adverse cardiovascular effects that are
not reflected in simple serum markers"
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Low-carb Diets Can Affect Dieters' Cognition Skills - Science Daily,
12/11/08 -
"A new study from the psychology department at Tufts
University shows that when dieters eliminate carbohydrates from their meals,
they performed more poorly on memory-based tasks than when they reduce
calories, but maintain carbohydrates. When carbohydrates were reintroduced,
cognition skills returned to normal"
- Ornish:
Why Atkins Still Doesn't Beat Low-Fat Diet - Newsweek, 7/16/08 -
"A new study comparing the Atkins diet, a
Mediterranean diet and a low-fat diet published on July 17 in The New
England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), is likely to inspire headlines saying
that the Atkins diet is better for your waistline and your health than a
low-fat diet ... I believe this study is extremely flawed. Here's why: ...
funded in part by the Atkins Foundation ... quality of data in this study
..."
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Low-Carb/High-Fat or High-Carb/Low-Fat Diet Improves Weight Loss, Mood -
Medscape, 9/14/07 - "Compared with the HCLF diet,
the LCHF diet was associated with significantly greater weight loss (7.8 +/-
0.4 vs 6.4 +/- 0.4 kg; P = .04). Improvements in psychological well-being
were similar in both groups, with the greatest effect observed during the
first 2 weeks. Although working memory was similar in both groups (P = .68),
there was a significant time/diet interaction for speed of processing (P =
.04), with less improvement on this measure in the LCHF than in the HCLF
diet group"
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Low-Carbohydrate Diets Appear Effective, But May Raise Cholesterol Levels
- Doctor's Guide, 2/14/06
- 4 Diets Face
Off: Which Is the Winner? - WebMD, 1/4/05 -
"Who lost the most pounds? Those who followed their
diets most closely, no matter which of the four plans they followed"
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Diet Adherence, Not Diet Type, More Important Factor for Losing Weight -
Doctor's Guide, 1/4/05 -
"the key to losing weight may not be which diet plan
a person picks, but sticking with the plan that is chosen"
- 4 Popular Diets
Heart Healthy - WebMD, 11/10/03 -
"the heart disease risk score is based on the ratio
between LDL cholesterol and HDL "good" cholesterol
... The Atkins and
Zone diets increased HDL by 15%, while Weight Watchers posted an 18.5%
gain. But the Ornish diet increased HDL by
just 2.2%"
- Fatty Diet
Raises Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 6/20/03 -
"surveys of people with diabetes have suggested a
link between the amount of saturated fat in a
person's diet and diabetes risk, but until now
that link has not been confirmed by biological evidence ... they looked at
the levels of fatty acids in the blood, which reflects how much saturated
fat a person generally eats over time, and compared it to the risk of
developing type 2 diabetes among a group of 2,909 adults aged 45-64 ...
During nine years of follow-up, 252 of the men and women developed type 2
diabetes ... As the level of fatty acids increased, the likelihood that the
person developed type 2 diabetes also increased" - This is something
else the
Atkin's studies should be looking at. This study was nine years. I
believe the longest Atkin's study was one year. - Ben
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High Protein Diets More Effective At Maintaining Weight Loss - Doctor's
Guide, 6/4/03 -
"Despite no differences in attitudes to eating, a
protein intake of 18% as energy versus 15% as
energy resulted in improved weight maintenance, as well as improved fat
distribution based on body waist circumference, and improved substrate
oxidation and satiety"
- Atkins Diet
Lesson: Watch Those Carbs - WebMD, 5/21/03 -
"our worries over the Atkins diet go way past the
question of whether it is effective for losing weight or even for keeping
weight off. We worry that the diet promotes heart disease. ... We have
concerns over whether this is a healthy diet for preventing heart disease,
stroke, and cancer. There is also potential loss of bone, and the potential
for people with liver and kidney problems to have trouble with the high
amounts of protein in these diets ... Those on the Atkins diet lost
significantly more weight over the first six months of the study. After 12
months, there was little difference in weight between those on the Atkins
diet and those who stayed on the low-fat diet" - Sounds like they
maxed out with water loss and then it caught up with them. Plus what
happens at 12 months when they start eating a normal diet and they become
re-hydrated again. - Ben
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Intermittent and On-Demand Very Low Calorie Diets Bring Significant Weight
Loss - Doctor's Guide, 4/3/03 -
"All patients started with 16 weeks on a very low
calorie diet. Then, patients assigned to an intermittent group were
scheduled to use a very low calorie diet for two weeks every third month,
while patients in an on-demand group were told to use a very low calorie
diet whenever their body weight passed an individualized cut-off level ...
Completers in both groups maintained highly significant weight losses after
two years. Patients in the intermittent group lost 7.0 [15.43 pounds] +/-
11.0 [24.25 pounds] kg. Patients in the on-demand group lost 9.1 [20.06
pounds] +/- 9.7 [21.38 pounds] kg"
- Low-Sugar Diet
for Weight Loss - WebMD, 3/4/03 -
"Specifically, this is what the UN report says about
a healthy diet: Carbohydrates (fruits, vegetables, whole grains, starches)
should make up the bulk of total daily calories -- from 55% to 75%. Fat
should be 15% -30% total calories (with 10% from saturated fat). Protein
should be 10%-15% ... Sugar should be less than 10% of total daily calories
... One hour per day of moderate-intensity activity such as walking, on most
days of the week, is needed to maintain a healthy body weight, especially
for those people who spend most of their time sitting down"
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Will The Lost Weight On Atkins Diet Stay Away? - Intelihealth, 11/26/02
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"We will see more gout, more hypertension and more
high cholesterol ... Cutting back on carbohydrates helps people lose body
water, shed a few pounds and feel less bloated, she said ... Then you cheat
- you eat carbohydrates and you gain back the body water. This happens
within a day or two"
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Atkins diet good for cholesterol - USA Today, 11/18/02 -
"After six months, the people on the Atkins diet had
lost an average of 31 pounds, compared with 20 pounds on the AHA diet, and
more people stuck with the Atkins regimen ... Total
cholesterol fell slightly in both groups. However, those on the Atkins
diet had an 11% increase in HDL, the good
cholesterol, and a 49% drop in
triglycerides. On the AHA diet, HDL was unchanged, and triglycerides
dropped 22%. High triglycerides may raise the risk of heart disease"
- That may be true but what about a diet devoid of anti-oxidants making you
old before your time. Plus, how much of that extra 11 pounds was water
loss? - Ben
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Low-Carbohydrate, High-Protein Diets Increase Risk Of Kidney Stones And May
Raise Bone Loss Risk - Doctor's Guide, 8/1/02 -
"acid excretion - a marker for the acid load in the
blood - increased as much as 90 percent while subjects were on diets that
severely restricted carbohydrates. Levels
of urinary citrate, which inhibits kidney
stones, fell by almost 25 percent in the group during the six-week study
... People may lose weight on this diet, but this study shows that this is
not a healthy way to lose weight ... there was an increased risk of
developing kidney stones and a possible increase in the risk of
bone loss"
- WebMD - Atkins
Diet Works; Safety Unknown - WebMD, 7/18/02 -
"At the end of six months, 80% of the participants
were still on the diet, and they had lost an
average of 10% of their original body weight. LDL, or bad
cholesterol, decreased in all but one of the dieters, while
HDL, or good cholesterol, improved ... there is no mystery to why
participants lost weight on the low-carbohydrate diet. Even though calories
were not restricted, the dieters ate an average of 1,450 calories per day.
Without carbohydrates the body goes into a state called ketosis, which tends
to lower appetite ... more study is needed to pronounce the
carbohydrate-restricting diet safe"
- Should We
All Be Vegetarians? - Time, 7/15/02 -
"a predominantly vegetarian diet may have beneficial
effects for kidney and nerve function in diabetics, as well as for weight
loss; that eating more fruits and vegetables can slow, and perhaps reverse,
age-related declines in brain function and in cognitive and motor
performance—at least in rats; that vegetarian seniors have a lower death
rate and use less medication than meat-eating seniors; that vegetarians have
a healthier total intake of fats and cholesterol but a less healthy intake
of fatty acids (such as the heart-protecting omega-3 fatty acids found in
fish oil) ... But one paper suggested that low-protein diets (associated
with vegetarians) reduce calcium absorption and may have a negative impact
on skeletal health. And although several studies on Seventh-Day Adventists
(typically vegetarians) indicated that they have a longer-than-average life
expectancy, other studies found that prostate-cancer rates were high in
Adventists, and one study found that Adventists were more likely to suffer
hip fractures ..."
- Losing Weight with Peanut
Butter? - Dr. Weil, 7/10/02 - "a diet high in
monounsaturated fats (MUFAs) with 34-36 percent of calories from fat reduced
LDL (“bad”) cholesterol by 16-25 percent
without lowering HDL (�����good”) cholesterol levels.
In contrast, the American Heart Associations diet with 25 percent of
calories from fat, resulted in only a 12 percent reduction ... people on a
diet including 35 percent of calories from MUFAs as well as those on a
traditional low-fat, high carbohydrate diet lost an average of 11 pounds
over six months. However, by 18 months, three times as many people on the
MUFA diet remained with the program and kept off the lost weight while the
others regained an average of five pounds each"
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Vegetarian diet on solid ground, experts say - USA Today, 12/7/01 -
"McDougall points to a recent study in the Archives
of Internal Medicine that looked at Seventh-Day Adventists in California, a
group made up mostly of vegetarians. The 12-year of study of 34,192 people
found that on average, group members lived 10 years longer than the general
population ... Vegetarians have a 40% less risk of cancer and much less risk
of heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, kidney disease and other problems
that are common among meat eaters"
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Study: Lean diet may mean long life - CNN, 9/3/01 -
"It's never too late to cut back on the calories to
prolong life, even in your later years ... mice they put on a low-calorie
regimen -- even creatures put on the diet for a short period -- exhibited
characteristics of slowed aging ... Restricting calories reversed the
changes in several genes that were altered in aging animals"
- High-Fat Atkins
Diet Shows Small Cholesterol Benefit, But Don't Opt for Bacon Over Broccoli
Just Yet - WebMD, 3/23/01 -
"there could be a small benefit to a high-fat diet.
They randomly assigned 45 adults to eat for 3 months either a high-fat
low-carbohydrate diet or a more conventional "heart healthy" diet (American
Heart Association Step 2 diet). They found that the while the AHA diet was
more effective at reducing overall levels of LDL, only the high-fat diet
caused a significant reduction in the amount of very small, dense LDL
particles, a form of the bad cholesterol that is thought to be particularly
harmful to arteries that nourish the heart, and a major contributor to
atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries ... vegetarians had much
healthier arteries than the other group ... the real answer may be that a
Mediterranean style diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and grains and
relatively low in animals fats, may be the easiest to follow, because it's
not as Spartan as the Ornish regimen or as monotonous as the Atkins
approach"
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