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Osteoporosis

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• N-acetyl-L-cysteine attenuates oxidative stress-induced bone marrow endothelial cells apoptosis by inhibiting BAX/caspase 3 pathway - Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023 Mar 17 - "Bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) play a crucial role in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. The decline in BMECs is associated with abnormal bone development and loss ... In conclusion, this study could improve our understanding of the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced BMECs injury and whether NAC has therapeutic potential in senile osteoporosis" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
• The effect of statins on bone turnover biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - Endocr J 2023 Mar 15 - "The results showed that statins increased the osteocalcin (OC) ... Statins increase bone formation biomarker OC and decrease bone resorption biomarker NTX and CTX levels"
  • Osteocalcin—A Versatile Bone-Derived Hormone - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018; 9: 794 - "osteocalcin is secreted solely by osteoblasts but only has minor effects on bone mineralization and density. Instead, it has been reported to control several physiological processes in an endocrine manner, such as glucose homeostasis and exercise capacity, brain development, cognition, and male fertility"
• Bifidobacterium longum supplementation improves age-related delays in fracture repair - Aging Cell 2023 Jan 27 - "Age-related delays in bone repair remains an important clinical issue that can prolong pain and suffering. It is now well established that inflammation increases with aging and that this exacerbated inflammatory response can influence skeletal regeneration. Recently, simple dietary supplementation with beneficial probiotic bacteria has been shown to influence fracture repair in young mice ... We found that B. longum supplementation accelerated bony callus formation which improved mechanical properties of the fractured limb. We attribute these pro-regenerative effects of B. longum to preservation of intestinal barrier, dampened systemic inflammation, and maintenance of the microbiota community structure. Moreover, B. longum attenuated many of the fracture-induced systemic pathologies. Our study provides evidence that targeting the gut microbiota using simple dietary approaches can improve fracture healing outcomes and minimize systemic pathologies in the context of aging." - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
• Can Metformin Reduce Need for Total Joint Replacement in Diabetes? - Medscape, 12/20/22 - "Compared with nonusers, metformin users had had a 30% lower risk of total knee or hip replacement (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.70). The incidence of total knee replacement among metformin nonusers and users was 4.15 per 10,000 person-months and 2.96 per 10,000 person-months, respectively. The incidence of total hip replacement was 0.83 per 10,000 person-months in nonusers and 0.44 per 10,000 person-months in users ... By joint type, the adjusted HR was 0.71 for total knee replacement and 0.61 for total hip replacement among metformin users ... The effect was observed at daily doses of less than 1 g, as well as daily doses of 1 g or more. "This suggests that metformin at a lower dosage could have effects on osteoarthritis,"" - See metformin at ReliableRX.
• Melatonin promotes the restoration of bone defects via enhancement of miR-335-5p combined with inhibition of TNFα/NF-κB signaling - FASEB J 2023 Jan;37(1) - "Accelerating the repair of a bone defect is crucial clinically due to the increased prevalence of trauma, tumor, and infections in bone. Studies have found that excess acute and chronic inflammation attenuate osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells). Moreover, TNF-α and NF-κB could inhibit osteoblasts differentiation of BMSCs and promote osteoclastogenesis via multiple mechanisms, such as increasing osteoclast precursor cells and acting synergistically with cell cytokines. However, melatonin could inhibit the expression of TNFα/NF-κB and promote bone formation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway ... In conclusion, melatonin facilitates osteogenesis in bone defect healing by enhancing miR-335-5p expression and inhibiting the TNFα/NF-κB pathway." - See melatonin at Amazon.com.
• Prebiotics improve osteoporosis indicators in a preclinical model: systematic review with meta-analysis - Nutr Rev 2022 Dec 6 - "Prebiotics improve indicators of osteoporosis, BMD, BMC, and bone biomechanics in ovariectomized rats" - See prebiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
• Sex-specific differences in bone mineral density loss after sleeve gastrectomy - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Oct 26 - "High levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) have been documented to be a risk factor of bone mineral density (BMD) loss with different effects observed between sexes ... In the multivariate model, SHBG was significantly associated with total hip BMD loss in men (adjusted β = -0.533, P = 0.019) but not women while total estrogen was significantly associated with total hip BMD loss in women"
• Effect of supplemental vitamin D3 on bone mineral density: a systematic review and meta-analysis - Nutr Rev 2022 Oct 29 - "Results of meta-analysis showed a beneficial effect of vitamin D3 at the lumbar spine (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.06; 95%CI, 0.01-0.12) and femoral neck (SMD = 0.25; 95%CI, 0.09-0.41). Dose-response analysis revealed a linear relationship between vitamin D3 supplementation doses and BMD at the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and total hip sites. No significant effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on whole-body or total hip BMD was observed (P > 0.05). Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly decreased BMD at both proximal and distal forearm (SMD = -0.16; 95%CI, -0.26 to -0.06). The variables of ethnicity, age, baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), menopause status, vitamin D3 dosing frequency, and bone health status (P interaction = 0.02) altered the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on BMD. Additionally, a nonlinear relationship between vitamin D3 supplement doses and markers of bone turnover was found" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D Supplementation and Fractures in Adults: A Systematic Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Controlled Trials - J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Feb 17 - "Ca/D reduces the risk of hip and any fractures, possibly driven by findings from institutionalized individuals. Individual participant data meta-analyses of patients on Ca/D" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Nicotinamide mononucleotide alleviates osteoblast senescence induction and promotes bone healing in osteoporotic mice - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022 Aug 29 - "Combating the accumulated senescent cells and the healing of osteoporotic bone fracture in the elderly remains a significant challenge. Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of NAD +, is an excellent candidate for mitigating aging-related disorders. However, it is unknown if NMN can alleviate senescent cell induction and enhance osteoporotic bone fracture healing. Here we show that NMN treatment partially reverses the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) on human primary osteoblasts (HOBs): senescent cell induction, diminished osteogenic differentiation ability and intracellular NAD + and NADH levels. Mechanistically, NMN restores the mitochondrial dysfunction in HOBs induced by TNF-α evidenced by increased mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced reactive oxidative species and mitochondrial mass. NMN also increases mitophagy activity by down-regulating P62 expression and up-regulating light chain 3B-II (LC3B-II) protein expression. In addition, the cell senescence protective effects of NMN on HOBs are mitigated by a mitophagy inhibitor (Bafilomycin A1). In vivo, NMN supplementation attenuates senescent cell induction in growth plates, partially prevents osteoporosis in an ovariectomized mouse model and accelerates bone healing in osteoporotic mice. We conclude that NMN can be a novel and promising therapeutic candidate to enhance bone fracture healing capacity in the elderly." - See NMN at Amazon.com.
• Trehalose improves palmitic acid-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts by regulating SIRT3-medicated autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 pathway - FASEB J 2022 Sep - "Accumulation of lipid substances decreased the activity of osteoblasts. Trehalose is a typical stress metabolite to form a protective membrane on cell surface which has been demonstrated to regulate lipid metabolism. This activity of Trehalose indicates the potential effect of osteoporosis treatment ... Trehalose could inhibit the bone mass loss with HFD. Our study revealed the effect and mechanism of Trehalose in the treatment of osteoporosis" - See trehalose at Amazon.com.
• Protective effects of apple polyphenols on bone loss in mice with high fat diet-induced obesity - Food Funct 2022 Jul 5 - "Obesity-induced inflammation can lead to an imbalance in bone formation and resorption. Our previous studies have demonstrated that apple polyphenols (APs) can reduce body weight and inflammation. But their effect on bone is still unclear ... The present study demonstrated that APs prevent loss of bone mass induced by obesity, which has potential implications for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related osteoporosis" - See apple polyphenols at Amazon.com.
• New Horizons in the Treatment of Age-Associated Obesity, Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis - Drugs Aging 2022 Jul 4 - "The rapid increase in both the lifespan and proportion of older adults in developed countries is accompanied by the dramatic growth of age-associated chronic diseases, including obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. Hence, prevention and treatment of age-associated chronic diseases has become increasingly urgent. The key to achieving this goal is a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying their pathophysiology, some aspects of which, despite extensive investigation, are still not fully understood. Aging, obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis are characterized by the creation of a systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI). The common mechanisms that govern the development of these chronic conditions include a failed resolution of inflammation. Physiologically, the process of inflammation resolution is provided mainly by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) acting via cognate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Noteworthy, SPM levels and the expression of their receptors are significantly reduced in aging and the associated chronic disorders. In preclinical studies, supplementation of SPMs or their stable, small-molecule SPM mimetics and receptor agonists reveals clear beneficial effects in inflammation-related obesity and sarcopenic and osteoporotic conditions, suggesting a translational potential. Age-associated chronic disorders are also characterized by gut dysbiosis and the accumulation of senescent cells in the adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and bones. Based on these findings, we propose SCLGI resolution as a novel strategy for the prevention/treatment of age-associated obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. Our approach entails the enhancement of inflammation resolution by SPM mimetics and receptor agonists in concert with probiotics/prebiotics and compounds that eliminate senescent cells and their pro-inflammatory activity" - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com and prebiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
• Relationship between Coffee Consumption and Osteoporosis Risk Determined by the ESR1 Polymorphism rs2982573 - J Nutr Health Aging 2022 - "we used genetic, demographic, and lifestyle data from participants recruited in Taiwan Biobank (TWB) between 2016 and 2019. We used multiple logistic regression analyses to determine the relationship between osteoporosis and variant rs2982573 genotypes (TT, TC, and CC) ... There was no significant association between rs2982573 and osteoporosis (OR, 0.904; 95% CI, 0.706-1.157; p=0.422 for TC+CC when compared with the TT genotype). Coffee consumption was associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis (OR, 0.737; 95% CI, 0.592-0.918; p=0.006). The p-value for interaction between rs2982573 and coffee consumption was 0.0393. In our subgroup analyses, the adjusted ORs (95% CI) were 0.635 (0.410-0.985) in coffee drinking TC+CC individuals and 1.095 (0.809-1.482) in non-coffee drinking TC+CC individuals, respectively when compared with their TT genotype counterparts"
• Efficacy and safety of vitamin K2 for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis at a long-term follow-up: meta-analysis and systematic review - J Bone Miner Metab 2022 Jun 16 - "This meta-analysis and systematic review seemed to support the hypothesis that vitamin K2 plays an important role in the maintenance and improvement of BMD, and it decreases uc-OC and increases OC significantly at a long-term follow-up. Vitamin K2 supplementation is beneficial and safe in the treatment of osteoporosis for postmenopausal women" - See vitamin k2 at Amazon.com.
• Lithium May Lower Osteoporosis Risk in Bipolar Disorder - Medscape, 5/25/22 - "those with bipolar disorder treated with lithium showed a significantly reduced risk of osteoporosis compared with patients not receiving lithium (HRR, 0.62)" - See lithium supplements at Amazon.com.
• Antiosteoporosis Studies of 20 Medicine Food Homology Plants Containing Quercetin, Rutin, and Kaempferol: TCM Characteristics, In Vivo and In Vitro Activities, Potential Mechanisms, and Food Functions - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022 Mar 31 - "Dietary nutraceutical compounds have been evidenced as backbone for bone health in recent years. It is reported that medicine food homology (MFH) plants have multiple nutraceutical compounds. Based on our literature research, 20 MFH plants caught our attention because they contain three popular antiosteoporosis compounds simultaneously: quercetin, rutin, and kaempferol ... Based on the above discussion, these 20 MFH plants could be used as daily food supplements for the prevention and treatment against osteoporosis" - See quercetin at Amazon.com, rutin at Amazon.com and Kaempferia parviflora at Amazon.com.
• SHBG, bone mineral density and physical function among injection drug users with and without HIV and HCV - J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022 Mar 16 - "Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a glycoprotein that regulates the bioavailability of sex hormones and is higher in people with HIV (PWH) and hepatitis C (HCV). SHBG is associated with aging-related diseases, including osteoporosis and frailty in the general population. However, the relationship between SHBG concentration and bone mineral density (BMD) and physical function among PWH and HCV is unclear ... Higher SHBG concentrations are associated with the presence of HIV and HCV viremia. Among women, but not men, higher SHBG concentrations were associated with lower grip strength, higher odds of frailty, and lower lumbar spine BMD" - Note: The thing is, SBHG binds to testosterone, DHT and estrogen. I believe the binding to estrogen is what contributes to bone loss. I haven't found an endocrinologist yet that will treat it. I have one more appointment with one more doctor at UCSD and if that doesn't work, I'm taking it to small claims court to see if they can force them to treat it. It's treatable. See the formula on my SHBG page but they refuse to even work with me on it. It's like pulling teeth just to get them to check it. They've got a bad case of thinking that they're God. When you tell an endocrinologist that you have high SHBG, it's like you said leprosy and they treat you like a disease. I look at General Petraeus and I'm betting that's what happened to him.
  • Sex hormone-binding globulin in osteoporosis - Joint Bone Spine 2010 Jul - "Together with estradiol, SHBG plays a key role in the genesis of bone loss and osteoporotic fractures"
• Diosmin, a citrus fruit-derived phlebotonic bioflavonoid protects rats from chronic kidney disease-induced loss of bone mass and strength without deteriorating the renal function - Food Funct 2022 Feb 21 - "Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline has recommended treatment decisions for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with osteoporosis and/or high risk of fracture. Bisphosphonates, the first-line anti-osteoporosis drugs have the concern of worsening kidney functions. Moreover, despite impaired bone formation in CKD patients, teriparatide, the formation-stimulating drug is not recommended. Thus, there is an urgent need for safe and effective treatment of osteoporosis in CKD patients ... Fibroblast growth factor-23 and parathyroid hormone were increased in CKD and diosmin suppressed both. CKD reduced bone mass and deteriorated the microarchitecture of trabecular bones, and diosmin maintained both to control levels. Bone formation and strength were impaired in the CKD and diosmin maintained these levels to control levels. Nanoindentation of bone showed that diosmin significantly increased tissue hardness over the control. Diosmetin, the metabolic surrogate of diosmin had comparable pharmacokinetic profiles between the control and CKD groups. Furthermore, diosmetin (50 mg kg-1) protected against CKD-induced bone loss. These data suggest that diosmin and its metabolic surrogate, diosmetin protect against CKD-induced osteopenia. Since diosmin has no renal adverse effect and protected bone mass and strength in CKD rats, we propose assessing its anti-osteoporosis effect in CKD patients" - See diosmin at Amazon.com.
• Glycine Acts Through Estrogen Receptor Alpha to Mediate Estrogen Receptor Signaling, Stimulating Osteogenesis and Attenuating Adipogenesis in Ovariectomized Rats - Mol Nutr Food Res 2022 Feb 25 - "Glycine is commonly used as an additive in bone health supplements ... we concluded that glycine stimulated osteogenesis and attenuated adipogenesis in OVX rats, a process which may involve the ERα-mediated ER signaling pathway" - See glycine products at Amazon.com.
• Research on the Mechanism of Kaempferol for Treating Senile Osteoporosis by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022 Feb 3 - "Kaempferol (KP), as a natural anti-inflammatory compound, has been reported to have curative effects on alleviating senile osteoporosis (SOP), which is an inflammation-related musculoskeletal disease, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear due to scanty relevant studies ... Collectively, various targets and pathways involve in the process of kaempferol treatment against SOP through regulating inflammatory response, oxidative stress, bone homeostasis, etc. Moreover, our study first reported that kaempferol may regulate core targets' expression with involvement of inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and bone homeostasis, thus treating SOP" - See kaempferia parviflora at Amazon.com.
  • Senile osteoporosis - Wikipedia - "Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors.[1] Primary, or involuntary osteoporosis, can further be classified into Type I or Type II.[1] Type I refers to postmenopausal osteoporosis and is caused by the deficiency of estrogen.[1] While senile osteoporosis is categorized as an involuntary, Type II, and primary osteoporosis, which affects both men and women over the age of 70 years. It is accompanied by vitamin D deficiency, body's failure to absorb calcium, and increased parathyroid hormone."
  • Kaempferol - Wikipedia - "Kaempferol (3,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a natural flavonol, a type of flavonoid, found in a variety of plants and plant-derived foods including kale, beans, tea, spinach, and broccoli."
• γ-Tocotrienol induced the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells through the stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway - Food Funct 2021 Dec 15 - "γ-Tocotrienol (γ-T3), an isoprenoid phytochemical, has shown the promotion of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation in our previous study ... Therefore, γ-T3 may be a potential agent to prevent and reverse osteoporosis due to its safety and powerful abilities of osteogenesis" - See gamma-tocotrienol at Amazon.com.
• Effects of strawberries on bone biomarkers in pre- and stage 1-hypertensive postmenopausal women: a secondary analysis - Food Funct 2021 Dec 13 - "Postmenopausal women experience an increase in bone remodeling with the rate of bone resorption superseding the rate of bone formation. This results in a net bone loss with a subsequent increased risk for osteoporosis and fractures. High blood pressure (BP) has been associated with loss of bone mineral density and increased propensity to fractures. Strawberries are rich in polyphenols, which have been shown to have anti-hypertensive and bone-protective properties ... Participants (age: 59 ± 6 years; body mass index: 31.5 ± 4.1 kg m-2; systolic BP: 140 ± 13 mmHg) were randomly assigned to consume (1) 50 g of freeze-dried strawberry powder (FDSP), (2) 25 g FDSP + 25 g of placebo powder, or (3) 50 g placebo powder for eight weeks. Results indicate a significant time-by-treatment interaction (P = 0.04) for serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, a hormone that plays a major role in bone formation. Serum concentrations of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, a marker of bone formation, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b, a specific marker of bone resorption, were not affected by FDSP compared to placebo. Although not statistically significant, after eight weeks, osteocalcin increased in the 50 g FDSP group with a large effect size (d = 0.6) when compared to the placebo-control group. Adiponectin increased by 5% and 6% in the 25 g and 50 g FDSP groups, respectively, while it declined in the placebo-control group by 25% (P = 0.03 for time-by-treatment interaction). Our findings suggest that consumption of 25 g FDSP increases IGF-1 in postmenopausal women with pre- and stage 1-hypertension" - See strawberry powder at Amazon.com.
• Anti-osteoporotic potential of Lactobacillus plantarum AR237 and AR495 in ovariectomized mice J Func Foods, 12/21 - "Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease in which bone resorption exceeds bone formation. Intestinal health has been linked to reduced osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-osteoporotic and intestinal health effects of two strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (AR237 and AR495) in ovariectomized (ovx) C57BL/6 mice. The results showed that AR495 significantly inhibited ovx-induced bone loss, reduced intestinal permeability, increased the expression of tight junction proteins, claudin-family proteins, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and junctional adhesion molecule 3 (JAM-3) in ovx mice. Furthermore, AR495 inhibited bone resorption by modulating the receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa B (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) system, and ameliorated ovx-induced intestinal inflammatory responses. AR495 improved intestinal microbial stability, and increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing bacteria and fecal SCFA content of ovx mice. Overall, the findings of this study showed that AR495 was more effective than AR237 at treating osteoporosis" - [Nutra USA] - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
• Acute CTX-1 Suppression With Milk Calcium or Calcium Carbonate is Independent of Visceral Fat in A Randomized Crossover Study in Lean and Overweight Postmenopausal Women - J Nutr 2021 Nov 9 - "Postmenopausal women with higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) present with suppressed bone resorption (lower c-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen, CTX-1) and turnover (lower osteocalcin) but whether this blunts the effect of calcium is unknown ... 1000 mg calcium obtained from milk or from calcium carbonate is effective in acutely suppressing bone resorption in postmenopausal women irrespective of visceral fat"
• Peonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin increase osteoblast differentiation and reduce RANKL-induced bone resorption in transgenic medaka - Phytother Res 2021 Oct 26 - "Experimental and clinical studies suggest a positive impact of anthocyanins on bone health; however, the mechanisms of anthocyanins altering the differentiation and function of osteoblasts and osteoclasts are not fully understood. This work demonstrates that dietary anthocyanins and resveratrol increased proliferation of cultured human hFOB 1.19 osteoblasts. In addition, treatment of serum starvation of hFOB osteoblasts with anthocyanins and resveratrol at 1.0 μg/ml reduced apoptosis, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, p53, and HDAC1 expression, but increased SIRT1/3 and PGC1α mRNA expression, suggesting mitochondrial and epigenetic regulation. In Sp7/osterix:mCherry transgenic medaka, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and resveratrol increased osteoblast differentiation and increased the expression of Sp7/osterix. Cyanidin, peonidin-3-O-glucoside, and resveratrol also reduced RANKL-induced ectopic osteoclast formation and bone resorption in col10α1:nlGFP/rankl:HSE:CFP medaka in doses of 1-4 μg/ml. The results indicate that both cyanidin and peonidin-3-O-glucoside have anabolic effects on bone, increasing osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, mitochondrial biogenesis, and by altering the osteoblast epigenome. Cyanidin and peonidin-3-O-glucoside also reduced RANKL-induced bone resorption in a transgenic medaka model of bone resorption. Thus, peonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin appear to both increase bone formation and reduce bone loss, suggesting that they be further investigated as potential treatments for osteoporosis and osteomalacia" - See anthocyanins at Amazon.com and iHerb and resveratrol products at Amazon.com and resveratrol at iHerb.
• Probiotics as a New Regulator for Bone Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021 Aug 2 - "Spinal and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) was not affected significantly by probiotic consumption. In 37 animal experiments, probiotic or symbiotic feeding mostly had effects on bone health parameters. Some strains of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus including L. reuteri, L. casei, L. paracasei, L. bulgaricus, and L. acidophilus have indicated beneficial effects on bone health parameters. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that probiotic supplementation might improve bone health" - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Prebiotic Food Intake May Improve Bone Resorption in Japanese Female Athletes: A Pilot Study - Sports (Basel) 2021 Jun 4 - "The aim of the present study was to clarify the influence of inulin and lactulose-fortified prebiotic food intakes on bone metabolism turnover among Japanese female athletes. The participants included 29 female athletes aged 18-25 years. They were requested to consume their habitual foods or drinks with one pack of prebiotic food every day for 12 weeks ... The occupation ratio of Bifidobacterium spp. was significantly increased at 3 and 4 weeks (18.0 ± 8.3% and 17.6 ± 8.5%, respectively) compared to that of pre-intervention (11.7 ± 7.3%) (p = 0.019 and p = 0.035, respectively). The serum TRACP-5b level was significantly decreased at 12 weeks (363 ± 112 mU/dL) compared to that at baseline (430 ± 154 mU/dL) (p = 0.018). These results suggest that the prebiotic food used in this study might have beneficial effects on bone health and gut microbial environment among female athletes" - [Nutra USA] - See inulin at Amazon.com.
• Dietary calcium intake and change in bone mineral density in older adults: a systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies - Eur J Clin Nutr 2021 Jun 15 - "Most studies found no association between calcium intake and change in BMD in women (71%) or men (71%). Among women, five studies reported high rates (>30% of participants) of hormone treatment or osteoporosis therapy (HT/OT) use; 80% of these studies reported a positive association between calcium intake and change in BMD, compared with 10% of studies in which HT/OT use was low. No study in women in which the mean age was >60 years reported a positive association between calcium intake and change in BMD. We conclude that calcium intake across the ranges consumed in these studies (mean intake in all but one study >500 mg/day) is not an important determinant of bone loss, particularly among women >60 years. The positive findings in studies with high rates of HT/OT use are likely to arise from confounding as a result of co-administration of calcium supplements with these medications"
• Risk of Osteoarthritis is Positively Associated with Vitamin D Status, but Not Bone Mineral Density, in Older Adults in the United States - J Am Coll Nutr 2021 May 25 - "The risk of OA is lower in older men with 25OHD less than 20 ng/mL but not in older women. Bone mineral density is not associated with OA risk in older adults in the United States" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Lactoferrin Is a Potential Activator of the Vitamin D Receptor in Its Regulation of Osteogenic Activities in C57BL/6J Mice and MC3T3-E1 Cells - J Nutr 2021 May 12 - "Lactoferrin (LF) has been shown to promote bone anabolism, and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the effects of vitamin D on bone. We hypothesized that LF improves bone health by increasing VDR expression ... In vivo and in vitro, LF, a potential activator of VDR, promotes osteogenesis. This suggests that dairy products, which are rich in LF, may serve as a functional food to improve bone health" - See lactoferrin at Amazon.com.
• Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and bone health: a systematic review and meta-analysis - Nutr J 2021 May 5 - "The meta-analysis showed that SSBs consumption such as carbonated beverages were inversely related to BMD in adults"
• Protective effects of berberine on senile osteoporosis in mice - J Bone Miner Metab 2021 Apr 8 - "The present results suggest that berberine exerts potent bone protective effects by promoting bone formation, inhibiting marrow fat accumulation and bone resorption. This effect may be achieved through cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway" - See berberine at Amazon.com.
• Effect of dietary protein intake on bone mineral density and fracture incidence in older adults in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021 Mar 3 - "Dietary recommendations may underestimate the protein older adults need for optimal bone health. This study sought to determine associations of protein intake with bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture among community-dwelling white and black older adults ... Participants in the upper protein tertile (≥15% TEI) had 1.8-6.0% higher mean hip and lumbar spine BMD compared to the lower protein tertile (<13% TEI; p<0.05). Protein intake did not affect change in BMD at any site over the follow-up period. Participants in the upper protein tertile had a reduced risk of clinical vertebral fracture over five years of follow-up (Hazard Ratio: 0.36 [95% Confidence Intervals (CI), 0.14, 0.97] vs. lower protein tertile ... Older adults with higher protein intake (≥15% TEI) had higher BMD at the hip, whole body, and lumbar spine, and a lower risk of vertebral fracture"
• (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via downregulation of NFATc1 and suppression of HO-1-HMGB1-RAGE pathway - Biomed Res 2020;41(6):269-277 - "Osteoporosis disturbs the balance of bone metabolism, and excessive bone resorption causes a decrease in bone density, thus increasing the risk of fracture. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant catechin contained in green tea. EGCG has a variety of pharmacological activities ... EGCG upregulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and suppressed the extracellular release of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). In addition, EGCG decreased the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which is the receptor of HMGB1, in osteoclastogenesis. In summary, our study showed that EGCG could inhibit osteoclast differentiation through the downregulation of NFATc1 and the suppression of the HO-1-HMGB1-RAGE pathway. EGCG might have the potential to be a lead compound that suppresses bone resorption in the treatment of osteoporosis" - See epigallocatechin-3-gallate at Amazon.com.
• Scientists reveal how gut microbes can influence bone strength in mice - Science Daily, 1/12/21 - "The findings suggest that treatments which alter the gut microbiome could help improve bone structure or treat conditions that weaken bones, such as osteoporosis" - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
• Omega-3 fatty acids and human skeletal muscle - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2020 Dec 15 - "ω-3 fatty acid ingestion is a potential preventive therapy to combat skeletal muscle-disuse atrophy" - See omega-3 supplements at Amazon.com.
• Exercise may protect bone health after weight loss surgery - Science Daily, 12/10/20 - "The study randomized 84 patients undergoing weight loss surgery to an exercise group or a control group for 11 months. The exercise group performed high impact, balance, and resistance exercises three times per week ... Twelve months after surgery, participants in the exercise group had higher bone mineral density measurements at the lumbar spine and the forearm compared with those in the control group. Also, participants who attended at least half of the exercise sessions had higher bone mineral density at the femoral neck than those in the control group"
• Nutrients to mitigate osteosarcopenia: the role of protein, vitamin D and calcium - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2020 Nov 2 - "An adequate intake of protein (1.2-1.5 g/kg/day), vitamin D (800 IU/day) and calcium (1000-1200 mg/day), is well tolerated and effective at mitigating some aspects of osteosarcopenia such as lean mass, bone density and fracture risk" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com and vitamin D at iHerb.
• Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone, Bone Density, and Hip Fracture Risk among Older Men: The Cardiovascular Health Study - Metabolism 2020 Oct 12 - "In older men, DHT was inversely associated with hip fracture risk and SHBG was positively associated with hip fracture risk, while T was not"
• Genistein Improves Bone Healing via Triggering Estrogen Receptor Alpha-Mediated Expressions of Osteogenesis-Associated Genes and Consequent Maturation of Osteoblasts - J Agric Food Chem 2020 Sep 8 - "Results of microcomputed tomography revealed that administration of genistein increased trabecular bone numbers and improved the bone thickness and volume. This study showed that genistein can improve bone healing via triggering ERα-mediated osteogenesis-associated gene expressions and subsequent osteoblast maturation" - See ginseng at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Ginseng, good for bone health, registered as a publicly recognized functional ingredient - The Rural Development Administration, 7/27/20 - "40 Older women 90 People 30 In groups of three 12 Weekly progress. contrast Group Fake medicine (Placebo) of, The rest of the groups were each using ginseng extract OneWork 1g, 3gEach To eat ... 8 weekly 300mg/kgTibia of old rat group treated with ginseng extract of (Shin bone) Serum osteocalcin content significantly increased inand, It was confirmed that serum calcium was also significantly increased" - Note:  It's in Korean, you have to select 'Translate'. [Nutra USA]
• Increased Consumption of Plant Foods Is Associated with Increased Bone Mineral Density - J Nutr Health Aging. 2020;24(4):388-397 - "Participants were recruited from the Sydney Adventist hospital and the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia ... principle component analysis (PCA) ... In a healthy middle aged population with normal BMD, an increase in plant food consumption, either alone or in combination with a diet containing meat, is associated with improved bone mineralisation markers. This positive relationship is most likely due to the extensive range of micronutrients and phytochemicals packaged within plants"
• Vitamin D Needs Calcium to Help Lower - Medscape, 12/23/19 - "Once regarded as a potent silver bullet for preventing fractures, vitamin D appears to need calcium to exert a preventive effect. Neither intermittent nor daily consumption of standard doses of vitamin D alone was associated with a reduced fracture risk, a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies in elderly individuals reports. Daily supplementation with both vitamin D and calcium, however, appeared more promising, correlating to a 16% reduced risk of hip fracture"
• Preventative effects of metformin on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats - J Bone Miner Metab. 2019 Sep - "These findings suggest that metformin prevents GC-induced bone loss by suppressing bone resorption and stimulating bone formation in trabecular bone. The action mode of metformin was different from alendronate, which only suppressed bone resorption"
• Probiotic treatment using a mix of three Lactobacillus strains for lumbar spine bone loss in postmenopausal women: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial - Lancet Nov 2019 - "Lactobacillus treatment reduced the LS-BMD loss compared with placebo (mean difference 0·71%, 95% CI 0·06 to 1·35). The LS-BMD loss was significant in the placebo group (–0·72%, −1·22 to −0·22), whereas no bone loss was observed in the Lactobacillus-treated group (–0·01%, −0·50 to 0·48). The adverse events were similar between the two groups" - [Nutra USA] - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
• A Review of Potential Beneficial Effects of Honey on Bone Health - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Sep 19;2019:8543618 - "Honey can protect the bone via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, primarily through its polyphenol content that acts upon several signalling pathways, leading to bone anabolic and antiresorptive effects. In conclusion, honey is a potential functional food for bone health, but the dose and the bioactive contents of honey need to be verified prior to its application in humans" - See honey products at Amazon.com.
• Dietary Calcium Intake and Bone Loss Over 6 Years in Osteopenic Postmenopausal Women - Medscape, 9/20/19 - "The present demonstration of an absence of an effect of dietary calcium intake on bone loss in osteopenic postmenopausal women, together with other data reviewed above, suggests that calcium intakes in the range studied here are not a critical factor for maintenance of postmenopausal bone. This should be reflected in the advice provided to the public and in the advocacy undertaken by groups active in bone-health promotion. This finding is of immediate relevance to public health endeavors for osteoporosis prevention and to those counseling patients regarding fracture prevention"
• Impact of vitamin C on teriparatide treatment in the improvement of bone mineral density, strength, and quality in vitamin C-deficient rats - J Bone Miner Metab. 2019 May;37(3):411-418 - "Age-related decreases in serum levels of vitamin C (VC) may negatively affect the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic pharmacotherapy ... Compared to the ODS control group, the VC group showed significantly higher total femoral BMD, but the TPTD group showed significantly higher femoral and lumbar spinal BMD, maximum load of femoral metaphysis, and hydroxyapatite (HA) crystallinity by FTIR (p < 0.05). In addition to the increases shown in the TPTD group, the VC + TPTD group also showed significantly higher stiffness of the femoral diaphysis and breaking energy of the femoral metaphysis compared to the ODS control group (p < 0.05). These results indicated that TPTD alone increased cancellous/cortical BMD and cancellous bone strength with improvement of HA crystallinity in ODS rats, but addition of VC supplementation further improved cortical bone strength" - See vitamin C products at Amazon.com.
• Metformin protects bone mass in ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene particle-induced osteolysis by regulating osteocyte secretion - J Bone Miner Metab. 2019 May;37(3):399-410 - "Our finding suggests that metformin induces differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts, while inhibits osteoclastogenesis via mature osteocytes secretion. Therefore, the drug might be beneficial for not only diabetes but also in other bone disorders by acting on mature osteocytes"
• Nutrition has a greater impact on bone strength than exercise - Science Daily, 10/17/18 - "nutrition has a greater impact on bone mass and strength than exercise. Further, even after the exercise training stopped, the mice retained bone strength gains as long as they ate a mineral-supplemented diet"
• Probiotics can protect the skeletons of older women - Science Daily, 6/21/18 - "A random method determined which women received the active treatment with the Lactobacillus reuteri 6475 bacteria and which received powder without bacteria. Neither the researchers nor the women knew who received the active powder during the study ... The women who received the powder with active bacteria had lost only half as much bone in the skeleton compared with those who received inactive powders" - See probiotic products at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin C intake in relation to bone mineral density and risk of hip fracture and osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies - Br J Nutr. 2018 Apr;119(8):847-858 - "Greater dietary vitamin C intake was associated with a lower risk of hip fracture and osteoporosis, as well as higher BMD, at femoral neck and lumbar spine" - See vitamin C products at Amazon.com.
• Calcium and vitamin D supplements may not protect against bone fractures - Washington Post, 12/26/17 - "bone health involves many different aspects of eating and activity ... Bone preservation throughout life requires eating healthfully, engaging in weight-bearing activity, avoiding excessive alcohol, and not smoking — good advice for everyone"
• Association of Protein Intake with Bone Mineral Density and Bone Mineral Content among Elderly Women: The OSTPRE Fracture Prevention Study - J Nutr Health Aging. 2017;21(6):622-630 - "bone mineral content (BMC) .. bone mineral density (BMD) ... total protein (TP), animal protein (AP) and plant protein (PP) ... TP (P≤0·029) and AP (P≤0·045) but not PP (g/d) were negatively associated with femoral neck (FN) BMD and BMC ... TP (g/kg/BW) was inversely associated with LS BMD and LS BMC ... This study suggests detrimental associations between protein intake and bone health"
• Kids with low vitamin K2 status at greater risk of fracture: new study - Nutraceutical Business Review, 6/13/17 - "Bone fractures are very common in children and their number is growing every year. Vitamin D has a proven role in the prevention of fractures… [but the] past decade has seen increased interest in the role of Vitamin K, especially K2 menaquinone-7, in bone health and prevention of bone fractures" - [Nutra USA] - See MK-7 at Amazon.com.
• Dietary calcium intake and rate of bone loss in men - Br J Nutr. 2017 Jun 13:1-7 - "Baseline BMD was not related to dietary Ca intake at any site, before or after adjustment for covariables. Similarly, bone loss over 2 years was not related to Ca intake at any site, before or after adjustment. Dietary Ca intake was inversely correlated with PTH at baseline (r -0·19, P=0·02), but was not associated with the markers of bone turnover. BMD and rates of bone loss were unrelated to Ca intake in these men. This suggests that strategies to increase Ca intake are unlikely to impact on the prevalence of and morbidity from male osteoporosis" - Note:  That doesn't surprise me.  There's a lot more to it than just calcium and vitamin D.  See my osteoporosis page to get a feel for the other nutrients involved.
• Lutein Enhances Bone Mass by Stimulating Bone Formation and Suppressing Bone Resorption in Growing Mice - Biol Pharm Bull. 2017;40(5):716-721 - "Lutein is a member of the xanthophyll family of carotenoids, which are known to prevent hypoxia-induced cell damage in the eye by removing free radicals ... When five-week-old male mice were orally administered lutein for 4 weeks, the femoral bone mass was clearly enhanced in cortical bone, as measured by bone mineral density in dual X-ray absorptiometry and micro computed tomography (µCT) analyses. The present study indicates that lutein enhances bone mass in growing mice by suppressing bone resorption and stimulating bone formation. Lutein may be a natural agent that promotes bone turnover and may be beneficial for bone health in humans" - See lutein at Amazon.com.
• Magnesium could prevent fractures, say researchers - Science Daily, 4/12/17 - "Bone fractures are one of the leading causes of disability and ill health especially among the aging population and this increases the burden on the health care system. It is well-known that calcium and vitamin D play an important role in bone health. Magnesium is an essential nutrient and is an important component of the bone ... The risk of having a fracture was reduced by 44 per cent in men with higher blood levels of magnesium. None of the 22 men who had very high magnesium levels (> 2.3 mg/dl) in the study population experienced a fracture during the follow-up period" - See Magtein at Amazon.com.  I take two with each meal.
• Low Serum DHEAS Predicts Increased Fracture Risk in Older Men - the MrOS Sweden Study - J Bone Miner Res. 2017 Mar 9 - "DHEAS levels were inversely associated with the risk of any fracture (hazard ratio (HR) per SD decrease 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.24), non-vertebral major osteoporotic fractures (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.16-1.48) and hip fractures (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.37) but not clinical vertebral fractures (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.95-1.26) in Cox regression models adjusted for age, BMI and prevalent fractures ... low serum DHEAS levels are a risk marker of mainly non-vertebral fractures in older men, of whom those with DHEAS levels below 0.60 µg/ml are at highest risk" - See Pure Encapsulations 7-KETO DHEA at Amazon.com.
• Urinary Citrate Positively Associated With Bone Strength, Health - Medscape, 10/11/16 - "Slight shifts of acid-base status toward a more acidic direction adversely affect bone status. A more alkaline diet rich in fruits and vegetables appears to counteract these shifts and has a long-term preventive medical importance for bone health"
• Probiotics stop menopause-like bone loss in mice - Science Daily, 4/27/16 - "treated female mice twice a week with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) ... A month after ovary removal, mice that were not treated with probiotic bacteria had lost half of their bone density. But the bone density in probiotic-treated mice stayed the same ... In mice that did not have their ovaries removed, probiotic treatment actually led to an increase in bone density" - Note: Lactobacillus rhamnosus is one of the bacterial in the Garden of Life Primal Defense ULTRA I take.
• Micronutrients and the risk of hip fracture: Case-control study - Clin Nutr. 2015 Dec 23 - "Vitamin D, and possibly vitamin K, has an established association to fracture risk. Other vitamins are, however, less studied ... Low vitamin A, C, and E concentrations are associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, possibly mediated through bone turnover mechanisms"
• Effect of Hesperidin with and without a Calcium (Calcilock®) Supplement on Bone Health in Postmenopausal Women - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Jan 11 - "Citrus fruits contain unique flavanones. One of the most abundant of the flavanones, hesperidin, has been shown to prevent bone loss in ovariectomized rats ... Calcium plus hesperidin, but not hesperidin alone, improved bone calcium retention by 5.5%" - See hesperidin at Amazon.com.
• Low levels of vitamin D may increase risk of stress fractures in active individuals - Science Daily, 12/14/15 - "Based on these findings, we recommend a serum vitamin D level of at least 40 ng/mL to protect against stress fractures, especially for active individuals who enjoy participating in higher impact activities ... This correlates with an earlier study of 600 female Navy recruits who were found to have a twofold greater risk of stress fractures of the tibia and fibula with a vitamin D level of less than 20 ng/mL compared with females with concentrations above 40 ng/mL" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Pomegranate Peel Extract Prevents Bone Loss in a Preclinical Model of Osteoporosis and Stimulates Osteoblastic Differentiation in Vitro - Nutrients. 2015 Nov 11 - "in ovariectomized (OVX) C57BL/6J mice, PGPE consumption was able to significantly prevent the decrease in bone mineral density (-31.9%; p < 0.001 vs. OVX mice) and bone microarchitecture impairment ... PGPE may be effective in preventing the bone loss associated with ovariectomy in mice, and offers a promising alternative for the nutritional management of this disease" - See pomegranate extract at Amazon.com.
• Coenzyme Q Protects Against Age-Related Alveolar Bone Loss Associated to n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Rich-Diets by Modulating Mitochondrial Mechanisms - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2015 Jul 28 - "An age-dependent model of the periodontium was reproduced to evaluate the effect of life-long feeding on a low coenzyme Q10 dosage in n-6, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid or monounsaturated fatty acid-based diets on periodontal tissues of young and old rats. Results shown that exacerbated age-related alveolar bone loss previously associated to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet was attenuated by coenzyme Q10. Gene expression analysis suggests that involved mechanisms might be related to a restored capacity of mitochondria to adapt to aging in gingival cells from rats fed on n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid. In particular, this could be due to an age-related increase of the rate of mitochondrial biogenesis and a better oxidative and respiratory balance in these animals" - See ubiquinol products at Amazon.com.
• Plasma phospholipid fatty acids and fish-oil consumption in relation to osteoporotic fracture risk in older adults: the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2015 Mar 18 - "Daily fish-oil consumption in late life was associated with lower fracture risk in men (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.91). Daily fish-oil consumption in midlife was associated with lower fracture risk in women (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.98)" - See fish oil supplements at Amazon.com.
• The effect of supplementation with alkaline potassium salts on bone metabolism: a meta-analysis - Osteoporos Int. 2015 Jan 9 - "The objective of this study was, therefore, to conduct a meta-analysis to assess the effects of supplemental potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) and potassium citrate (KCitr) on urinary calcium and acid excretion, markers of bone turnover and bone mineral density (BMD) and to compare their effects with that of potassium chloride (KCl) ... Urinary calcium excretion was lowered by intervention with both KHCO3 (P = 0.04) and KCitr (P = 0.01), as was net acid excretion (NAE) (P = 0.002 for KHCO3 and P = 0.0008 for KCitr). Both salts significantly lowered the bone resorption marker NTX (P < 0.00001). There was no effect on bone formation markers or BMD. KHCO3 and KCitr lowered calcium excretion to a greater extent than did KCl" - [Nutra USA] - Note:  I take 1100 mg of potassium citrate per day with food to raise my acidic urine PH closer to neutral.  You shouldn't take that much with being under the supervision of a doctor though.  See potassium citrate at Amazon.com.
• New dietary supplement beats calcium, vitamin D for bone strength - Science Daily, 11/5/14 - "KoACT is a calcium-collagen chelate, a compound containing calcium and collagen that are bound together ... A group of 39 women were randomly divided into two groups, with the control group taking a capsule that was a mix of calcium and vitamin D. The other group took the calcium-collagen chelate ... The women taking the calcium-collagen chelate saw substantially less bone loss than the control group over a year's time. The group taking the calcium-collagen chelate, saw a loss of 1.23 percent in bone mineral density, while the control group saw a 3.75 percent loss" - See KoACT at Amazon.com.
• Resveratrol boosts spinal bone density in men with metabolic syndrome - Science Daily, 10/16/14 - "The randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial assessed bone mineral density and signs of bone formation and resorption in 66 middle-aged men with metabolic syndrome. For a 16-week period, the men took either a 500-miligram dose of resveratrol, a 75-miligram dose of the compound or a placebo twice a day ... Men who took the higher dose of resveratrol had a 2.6 percent increase in lumbar spine volumetric bone mineral density compared to men who had taken the placebo. The high resveratrol group also had a 16 percent increase in levels of the bone formation marker bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) compared to the control group" - [Abstract] - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.
• Associations between the dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of hip fracture in elderly Chinese: a case-control study - Br J Nutr. 2014 Oct 7:1-9 - "The role of oxidative stress in skeletal health is unclear. The present study investigated whether a high dietary intake of antioxidant nutrients (vitamins C and E, β-carotene, animal-derived vitamin A, retinol equivalents, Zn and Se) is associated with a reduced risk of hip fracture in elderly Chinese ... The OR of hip fracture for the highest (v. lowest) quartile of intake were 0·39 (95 % CI 0·28, 0·56) for vitamin C, 0·23 (95 % CI 0·16, 0·33) for vitamin E, 0·51 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·73) for β-carotene, 0·43 (95 % CI 0·26, 0·70) for Se and 0·24 (95 % CI 0·17, 0·36) for the antioxidant score. A moderate-to-high dietary intake of retinol equivalents in quartiles 2-4 (v. 1) was found to be associated with a lower risk of hip fracture (OR range: 0·51-0·63, P< 0·05)"
• Resveratrol supplementation preserves long bone mass, microstructure, and strength in hindlimb-suspended old male rats - J Bone Miner Metab. 2014 Jan;32(1):38-47 - "Resveratrol has gained popularity as an "anti-aging" compound due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties ... The bone protective effects of resveratrol appeared to be mediated through increased osteoblast bone formation, possibly due to reduced inflammation. Based on the results, resveratrol supplementation appeared to provide a feasible dietary therapy for preserving the skeletal system during disuse and age-related bone loss" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.
• Higher Vit D in Menopause Linked to Big Reduction in Fracture - Medscape, 9/15/14 - "assessed 1620 women who were enrolled in the bone cohort of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), funded by the US National Institutes of Health ... Most of the women (74.5%) were premenopausal or early menopausal, 7.2% were late perimenopausal, and 4.8% were postmenopausal, early in the course of the study, 2 years after enrolling ... The women had mean 25(OH)D levels at the 2-year visit of 21.6 ng/mL ... The mean age of the women at time of 25(OH)D measure was 48.5 years ... average follow-up of 9.5 years ... each 10-ng/mL increase in mean serum 25(OH)D was associated with a 25% lower nontraumatic fracture risk" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• The protective effect of lycopene intake on bone loss in ovariectomized rats - J Bone Miner Metab. 2014 Jul 5 - "Our findings suggest that lycopene intake significantly inhibits bone loss by suppressing bone resorption in ovariectomized rats" - See Jarrow Lyco-Sorb (contains Lyco-O-Mato) at Amazon.com.
• Melatonin makes old bones stronger, research shows - Science Daily, 5/26/14 - "gave twenty 22-month-old male rats (the equivalent of 60 year-old humans) melatonin supplements diluted in water for 10 weeks (the equivalent of six years in human years) ... there was a significant increase in both bone volume and density among the rats that had received melatonin supplements" - See melatonin at Amazon.com.
• Impact of long-term vitamin D insufficiency on fracture risk - Science Daily, 4/4/14 - "Study participants at baseline were 1044 Swedish women, all aged 75, with 715 attending at the 5-year follow up. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels (nmol/l) were classified as low (<50), intermediate (50 ) and high (>75) ... the incidence of hip fractures within 10 years was significantly lower in those women who were vitamin D sufficient (≥50 nmol/l) at baseline and maintained this level at 5 years. The proportion of women sustaining FRAX fractures was 26.2% and 30% in the group which had consistently high or intermediate 25OHD levels compared to 45.6 % in the group with consistently low levels" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Lower vitamin E serum levels are associated with osteoporosis in early postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study - J Bone Miner Metab. 2013 Jul;31(4):455-60 - "In a multivariate linear model with BMD of the lumbar spine as a dependent variable, the vitamin E:lipid ratio was clearly related with BMD of the lumbar spine (F ratio = 6.30, p = 0.002). BMD of the lumbar spine was significantly higher in the highest tertile of the vitamin E:lipid ratio than in the lowest tertile ... These findings highlight that vitamin E may increase BMD in healthy postmenopausal women" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.
• Dairy Food Intake, Peripheral Bone Structure and Muscle Mass in Elderly Ambulatory Women - J Bone Miner Res. 2014 Jan 20 - "elderly women aged 80-92 (mean 84.7) years, who were participants of the CAIFOS/CARES cohort and attended the 10-year follow-up ... Women were categorized according to tertiles of dairy intake: first tertile (≤1.5 servings/day), second tertile (1.5-2.2 servings/day) and third tertile (≥2.2 servings/day) ... compared to those in the first tertile of dairy intake, women in the third tertile had 5.7% greater total bone mass ... Our results suggest a positive association of dairy intake with appendicular bone mineralization and muscle mass in elderly women. Because many fractures in this age group are of the appendicular skeleton often associated with falls, dairy intake may be a modifiable lifestyle factor contributing to healthy ageing"
• Conjugated Linoleic Acid Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss in Mice by Modulating Both Osteoclastogenesis and Osteoblastogenesis - Lipids. 2013 Dec 13 - "Postmenopausal osteoporosis due to estrogen deficiency is associated with severe morbidity and mortality ... Eight-week old ovariectomized (Ovx) and sham operated C57BL/6 mice were fed either a diet containing 0.5 % safflower oil (SFO) or 0.5 % CLA for 24 weeks ... In conclusion, CLA may prevent postmenopausal bone loss not only by inhibiting excessive bone resorption due to estrogen deficiency but also by stimulating new bone formation. CLA might be a potential alternative therapy against osteoporotic bone loss" - See conjugated linoleic acid at Amazon.com.
• Serum ferritin levels are positively associated with bone mineral density in elderly Korean men: the 2008-2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys - J Bone Miner Metab. 2013 Dec 14 - "A possible negative effect of iron overload on bone metabolism has been suggested by the fact that patients with hemochromatosis, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia have lower bone mineral density than the general population. However, the influence of iron overload on bone health in the general population is uncertain ... Serum ferritin levels were positively associated with BMD of the total lumbar spine, total femur, and femur neck after adjusting for all covariates in men, but not in women. This study suggests a positive association between serum ferritin levels and BMD in elderly South Korean men without hematologic disorders" - See iron supplements at Amazon.com.
• Low vitamin B12 levels increase risk of fractures in older men - Science Daily, 12/10/13 - "the Gothenburg researchers studied 1,000 Swedish men, MrOS Sweden, with an average age of 75, and used various methods to analyze the blood concentrations of the B vitamins B12 and folate, which are found in our food naturally ... the risk of suffering a fracture six years later was higher among men who had low B12 levels at the beginning of the study than men with normal B12 levels. In the quartile with the lowest B12 content, the risk was elevated by approximately 70 percent compared with the others. The risk increase pertained primarily to fractures in the lumbar region, where the risk increase was up to 120 percent" - See vitamin B12 at Amazon.com.
• Calcium + Vitamin D: Surprises From Long-term Follow-up - Medscape, 12/11/13 - "the analyses that were limited to adherent women who were taking at least 80% of their study pills compared with the women who were taking at least 80% of their placebo pills showed a statistically significant 29% reduction in the risk for hip fracture ... Also shown in the new report is that with longer-term follow-up, a statistically significant reduction in in situ breast cancer emerged -- a 13% reduction overall ... In terms of all cancers, among the women who had low baseline intake of vitamin D, there was a statistically significant 9% reduction in total cancer with supplementation, and also a marginally significant 9% reduction in all-cause mortality" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Intake and serum concentrations of α-tocopherol in relation to fractures in elderly women and men: 2 cohort studies - Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Nov 13 - "Two cohort studies, the Swedish Mammography Cohort (SMC; n = 61,433 women) and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM; n = 1138 men), were used ... A higher hip fracture rate was observed with lower intakes of α-tocopherol. Compared with the highest quintile of intake, the lowest quintile had a multivariable-adjusted HR of 1.86 (95% CI: 1.67, 2.06). The HR of any fracture was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.28). α-Tocopherol-containing supplement use was associated with a reduced rate of hip fracture (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.93) and any fracture (HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.94). Compared with the highest quintile of α-tocopherol intake in ULSAM (follow-up: 12 y), lower intakes (quintiles 1-4) were associated with a higher rate of hip fracture (HR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.43, 7.76) and any fracture (HR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.88). The HR for hip fracture in men for each 1-SD decrease in serum α-tocopherol was 1.58 (95% CI: 1.13, 2.22) and for any fracture was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.48)" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.
• Association of total protein intake with bone mineral density and bone loss in men and women from the Framingham Offspring Study - Public Health Nutr. 2013 Oct 29:1-7 - "This suggests that greater protein intake benefits women especially those with lower Ca intakes. However, protein effects are not significant for short-term changes in bone density. Contrastingly, in men, higher protein intakes lead to greater bone loss at the trochanter"
• Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women - J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep 24 - "At an ambulatory research center, 159 postmenopausal healthy white women participated in this double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel, longitudinal factorial study that began in December 2008 and ended in April 2011. It was 6 months in duration ... Supplementation of the diet with 1200 mg calcium/d reduces bone turnover markers, whereas supplementation with up to 100 μ g vitamin D3/d does not" - Note:  100 micrograms is 4,000 IU.
• Effects of tocotrienol and lovastatin combination on osteoblast and osteoclast activity in estrogen-deficient osteoporosis - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:960742 - "48 Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups ... Delta-tocotrienol plus lovastatin treatment significantly increased bone formation and reduced bone resorption compared to the other groups. Therefore, the combined treatment may have synergistic or additive effects and have the potential to be used as an antiosteoporotic agent in patients who are at risk of both osteoporosis and hypercholesterolemia, especially in postmenopausal women" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D Deficiency Linked to Accelerated Aging of Bones - Science Daily, 7/10/13 - "collected samples of iliac crest bone cores from 30 participants, half of whom were deficient in vitamin D and showed early signs of osteomalacia ... while vitamin D-deficient subjects had less overall mineralization due to a reduction of mineralized bone, underneath the new non-mineralized surfaces, the existing bone was actually more heavily mineralized, and displayed the structural characteristics -- mature collagen molecules and mineral crystals -- of older and more brittle bone ... vitamin D deficiency increases both the initiation and propagation of cracks by 22- to 31-percent" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Could a Diet High in Fish and Flax Help Prevent Broken Hips? - Science Daily, 6/27/13 - "The study showed that higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids from both plant and fish sources in those blood cells were associated with a lower likelihood of having fractured a hip ... The study also showed that as the ratio of omega-6 fatty acids to omega-3s increased, so did the risk for hip fracture ... Inflammation is associated with an increased risk of bone loss and fractures, and omega-3 fatty acids are believed to reduce inflammation ... omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and omega-6 fatty acids seem to have both anti- and pro-inflammatory effects ... women who had the highest ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids had nearly twice the risk of hip fractures compared to women with the lowest ratios. The current typical American diet contains between 15 and 17 times more omega-6 than omega-3, a ratio that previous research has suggested should be lowered to 4-to-1, or even 2-to-1, by increasing omega-3s, to improve overall health. The primary omega-6 fatty acid in the diet is linoleic acid, which composes about 99 percent of Americans' omega-6 intake and is found in corn, soybean, safflower and sunflower oils" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Low-dose vitamin K2 (MK-4) supplementation for 12 months improves bone metabolism and prevents forearm bone loss in postmenopausal Japanese women - J Bone Miner Metab. 2013 May 24 - "The participants (aged 50-65 years) were randomly assigned to one of two groups according to the MK-4 dose received: the placebo-control group (n = 24) and the 1.5-mg MK-4 group (n = 24). The baseline concentrations of undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) were high in both groups (>5.1 ng/ml). After 6 and 12 months, the serum ucOC concentrations were significantly lower in the MK-4 group than in the control group. In the control group, there was no significant change in serum pentosidine concentrations. However, in the MK-4 group, the concentration of pentosidine at 6 and 12 months was significantly lower than that at baseline. The forearm BMD was significantly lower after 12 months than at 6 months in the control group. However, there was no significant decrease in BMD in the MK-4 group during the study period. These results suggest that low-dose MK-4 supplementation for 6-12 months improved bone quality in the postmenopausal Japanese women by decreasing the serum ucOC and pentosidine concentrations, without any substantial adverse effects" - See vitamin K at Amazon.com and vitamin K at Amazon.com.  See the section in this article "MK4 versus MK7 for Bone Health".
• Lower vitamin E serum levels are associated with osteoporosis in early postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study - J Bone Miner Metab. 2013 Mar 28 - "BMD of the lumbar spine was significantly higher in the highest tertile of the vitamin E:lipid ratio than in the lowest tertile. The mean vitamin E:lipid ratio was significantly lower in osteoporotic postmenopausal women (T score ≤-2.5) (3.0 +/- 0.6 μmol/mmol) than normal (neither osteoporotic nor osteopenic) postmenopausal women (T score >-1) (3.5 +/- 0.7 μmol/mmol) using multivariable-adjusted BMD. These findings highlight that vitamin E may increase BMD in healthy postmenopausal women" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.
• Magnesium may be as important to kids' bone health as calcium - Science Daily, 5/5/13 - "Lots of nutrients are key for children to have healthy bones. One of these appears to be magnesium ... Results showed that the amounts of magnesium consumed and absorbed were key predictors of how much bone children had. Dietary calcium intake, however, was not significantly associated with total bone mineral content or density" - See magnesium supplements at Amazon.com.
• Zinc as a nutritional approach to bone loss prevention in an ovariectomized rat model - Menopause. 2013 Apr 8 - "Forty-eight female Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: control, zinc, ovariectomy (OVX), and OVX + zinc ... Reduction in zinc and copper levels was observed in the bone tissues and serum of the OVX group. Zinc administration restored these levels to normal. Electron microscopic studies revealed a looser structure and resorbed areas in ovariectomized rat cortical bone. Zinc administration restored bone tissue morphology ... These findings suggest that changes in cortical bone attributed to estrogen deficiency are arrested by zinc supplementation, which can be a sustainable approach to improving bone health" - See Jarrow Zinc Balance at Amazon.com.
• Natural Probiotic for Osteoporosis? Building Healthy Bones Takes Guts - Science Daily, 2/14/13 - "inflammation in the gut can cause bone loss, though it's unclear exactly why ... the researchers fed the mice Lactobacillus reuteri, a probiotic known to reduce inflammation, a sometimes harmful effect of the body's immune response to infection ... the male mice showed a significant increase in bone density after four weeks of treatment. There was no such effect when the researchers repeated the experiment with female mice, an anomaly they're now investigating ... People tend to think of osteoporosis as just affecting postmenopausal women, but what they don't realize is that it can occur with other conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and Type 1 diabetes ... You don't want to put your child on medications that reduce bone remodeling for the rest of their life, so something natural could be useful for long-term treatment of bone loss that begins at childhood"
• Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of major osteoporotic fractures in older U.S. adults - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Nov 26 - "The study used a pooled cohort of 4749 men and women ages 65 years and older from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-94) and NHANES 2000-2004 ... Serum 25OHD was a significant linear predictor of major osteoporotic fracture and significant quadratic predictor of hip fracture in the total sample and among those with less than 10 years of follow-up, but it was not related to risk of either fracture type among those with > 10 years of follow-up. Major osteoporotic fracture risk was increased by 26-27% for each SD decrease in serum 25OHD among those with less than 10 years of follow-up. Serum 25OHD was significantly related to risk of major osteoporotic fractures as a group and to hip fracture alone in this cohort of older US adults from NHANES III and NHANES 2000-2004. However, the predictive utility of serum 25OHD diminished after ten years. In addition, the relationship appeared to be linear when major osteoporotic fracture risk was considered but quadratic when hip fracture risk was assessed" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• High physical fitness in young adulthood reduces the risk of fractures later in life in men: A nationwide cohort study - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Nov 26 - "Aerobic capacity and isometric muscle strength were measured in 435445 Swedish men that conscripted for military service from 1969-1978 ... When comparing men in the lowest and highest decile of physical fitness, the risk of a fracture was 1.8 times higher (95% CI = 1.6-2.1) and that of hip fracture was 2.7 times higher (95% CI = 1.6-4.7). The risk of fracture was also 1.4-1.5 times higher when comparing the extreme deciles of muscle strength (p < 0.001 for all). In a subcohort of 1009 twin pairs, up to 22% of the variation in physical fitness and 27-39% of the variation in muscle strength was attributable to environmental factors unique to one twin, e.g. physical activity. In conclusion, low aerobic capacity and muscle strength in young adulthood are associated with an increased risk of low-energy fractures later in life, while a low-energy fracture is associated with an increased risk of death already in middle-aged men"
• The protective effect of calcium on bone mass in postmenopausal women with high selenium intake - J Nutr Health Aging. 2012;16(9):743-8 - "Elevated selenium intake negatively affects bone mass measurements in postmenopausal women over the age of 51 but only if calcium intake is also less than 800 mg / day. When calcium intake is greater than 800 mg/day, selenium did not appear to affect bone mass"
• Vitamin C prevents bone loss in animal models - Science Daily, 10/9/12 - "What this study shows is that large doses of vitamin C, when ingested orally by mice, actively stimulate bone formation to protect the skeleton. It does this by inducing osteoblasts, or premature bone cells, to differentiate into mature, mineralizing specialty cells." - See vitamin C at Amazon.com.
• The association of red blood cell n-3 and n-6 fatty acids to dietary fatty acid intake, bone mineral density and hip fracture risk in the Women's Health Initiative - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Sep 27 - "Omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in red blood cells (RBC) are an objective indicator of PUFA status and may be related to hip fracture risk ... A nested case-control study (n=400 pairs) was completed within the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) using 201 incident hip fracture cases from the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) cohort, along with 199 additional incident hip fracture cases randomly selected from the WHI Observational Study ... In adjusted hazard models, lower hip fracture risk was associated with higher RBC a-linolenic acid [Hazard ratio (HR) Tertile 3 (T3): 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23-0.85; p for linear trend 0.0154)], eicosapentaenoic acid (HR T3: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.24-0.87; p for linear trend 0.0181) and total n-3 PUFAs (HR T3: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.30-1.01; p for linear trend 0.0492). Conversely, hip fracture nearly doubled with the highest RBC n-6/n-3 ratio (HR T3: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.03-3.70; p for linear trend 0.0399). RBC PUFAs were not associated with BMD. RBC PUFAs were indicative of dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFAs (Spearman's rho=0.45, p<0.0001), total n-6 PUFAs (rho=0.17, p<0.0001) and linoleic acid (rho= 0.09, p<0.05). These results suggest that higher RBC a-linolenic acid, as well as eicosapentaenoic acid and total n-3 PUFAs, may predict lower hip fracture risk. Contrastingly, a higher RBC n-6/n-3 ratio may predict higher hip fracture risk in postmenopausal women" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Potassium citrate supplementation results in sustained improvement in calcium balance in older men and women - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Sep 18 - "The dietary acid load created by the typical Western diet may adversely impact the skeleton by disrupting calcium metabolism ... 52 men and women (mean age 65.2 + 6.2 years) were randomly assigned to potassium citrate 60 mmol, 90 mmol or placebo daily with measurements of bone turnover markers, net acid excretion, and calcium metabolism including intestinal fractional calcium absorption and calcium balance obtained at baseline and six months. At six months, net acid excretion was significantly lower in both treatment groups compared to placebo and negative, meaning subjects' dietary acid was completely neutralized (-11.3 mmol/day, 60 mmol/day; -29.5 mmol/day, 90 mmol/day, P < 0.001 compared to placebo). At 6-months, 24-hour urine calcium was significantly reduced in persons taking potassium citrate 60 mmol (-46 +/- 15.9 mg/day) and 90 mmol (-59 +/- 31.6 mg/day) daily compared with placebo (p < 0.01). Fractional calcium absorption was not changed by potassium citrate supplementation. Net calcium balance was significantly improved in participants taking potassium citrate 90 mmol/day compared to placebo (142 +/- 80 mg/day, 90 mmol vs. -80 +/- 54 mg/day, placebo; p = 0.02). Calcium balance was also improved on potassium citrate 60 mmol/day, but this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.18). Serum C-telopeptide decreased significantly in both potassium citrate groups compared to placebo (-34.6 +/- 39.1 ng/L, 90 mmol/d, p = 0.05; -71.6 +/- 40.7 ng/L, 60 mmol/day, p = 0.02) while bone specific alkaline phosphatase did not change. Intact parathyroid hormone was significantly decreased in the 90 mmol/day group (p = 0.01). Readily available, safe, and easily administered in an oral form, potassium citrate has the potential to improve skeletal health" - See potassium citrate products at iHerb.
• Lack of sleep affects bone health and bone marrow activity - Science Daily, 9/18/12 - "Drs. Everson and Toth, together with Anne Folley present exciting results indicating that sleep deprivation in rats arrests new bone formation, decreases fat within the red marrow and increases platelet levels. If true in humans, and I expect that it may be, this work will have great impact on our understanding of the impact of sleep deprivation on osteoporosis and inability to repair bone damage as we age"
• The Week in Bone Health | Breaking news on natural vitamin K2 MK-7 - betterbones.com, 6/25/12 - "Noted vitamin K expert Dr. Cees Vermeer led the European study which found that natural vitamin K2 as MK-7 (MenaQ 7 ®) significantly increases the strength of both the spine and the hip in postmenopausal women" - See vitamin K at Amazon.com.
• Habitual flavonoid intakes are positively associated with bone mineral density in women - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 May 1 - "The aim of this observational study was to examine the association between habitual intake of flavonoid sub-classes with bone mineral density (BMD) in a cohort of female twins. 3160 women from the TwinsUK adult twin registry participated in the study. Habitual intakes of flavonoids and sub-classes (flavanones, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, polymers, flavonols, flavones) were calculated from semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires using an updated and extended USDA database ... total flavonoid intake was positively associated with higher BMD at the spine but not at the hip ... total flavonoid intake was positively associated with BMD, with effects observed for anthocyanins and flavones at both the hip and spine supporting a role for flavonoids present in plant-based foods on bone health"
• Effects of vitamin E on bone turnover markers among US postmenopausal women - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Feb 3 - "Increased oxidative stress and inflammation resulting from aging and declining estrogen levels can lead to increased bone loss in postmenopausal women. Alpha- and gamma-tocopherol, the two predominant isomers of vitamin E, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but their effects on bone metabolism have not been well studied in humans. We examined the associations between dietary and total (diet and supplements) alpha-tocopherol intake, serum alpha- and gamma-tocopherol levels and their ratio, and bone turnover markers (BTMs) among postmenopausal women aged ≥45 years ... serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), a biomarker of bone formation, and urinary N-telopeptides/creatinine (uNTx/Cr), a biomarker of bone resorption ... Participants had a mean age of 65.5 +/- 0.6 years and over 45% used vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplements in the past month. Vitamin E supplement users had significantly lower serum gamma-tocopherol, higher serum alpha-tocopherol levels and higher ratio of serum alpha- to gamma-tocopherol than nonusers. High serum gamma-tocopherol levels and low ratio of serum alpha- to gamma-tocopherol were associated with increased BAP levels (P < 0.01 for both). There were no associations between any of the vitamin E variables and uNTx/Cr. In conclusion, we hypothesize that gamma-tocopherol may uncouple bone turnover, resulting in more bone formation than resorption. Vitamin E supplements in the form of alpha-tocopherol suppress serum gamma-tocopherol levels and may have negative effects on bone formation. Further research is needed to investigate the potential anabolic effect of gamma-tocopherol from food sources on bone" - See Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes Tocomin) at Amazon.com.
• The multiple nutrient needs of bones: Review - Nutra USA, 10/26/11 - "According to the new review of the literature, the majority of studies concerning bone health have shown that “vitamin B complex and vitamins C, E, and K correlated positively with bone mineral density (BMD) at multiple skeletal sites and/or were associated with reduced risk of fracture, independent of BMD” ... Animal data has “confirmed” that vitamin E, and particularly the tocotrienol form of vitamin E, had anti-osteoporotic activities ... Biological plausibility does exist for vitamin K, since osteocalcin is a vitamin K-dependent protein and it is essential for the body to use calcium in bone tissue. Without adequate vitamin K, the osteocalcin remains inactive, and this not effective" - [Abstract]
• Pro-bone and anti-fat effects of green tea and its polyphenol, epigallocatechin in rat mesenchymal stem cells in vitro - J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Aug 31 - "In conclusion, this is the first report of dual action of green tea polyphenol EGC in promoting osteogenesis and inhibiting adipocyte formation in MSCs. Our results provide scientific evidence to support the potential use of green tea in supporting the bone against degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Protective Effect of Pycnogenol® on Ovariectomy-induced Bone Loss in Rats - Phytother Res. 2011 Jun 28 - "The results indicated that orally administered PYC can decrease the bone turnover rate in OVX rats, resulting in positive effects on the biomechanical strength of bone and bone mineral density" - See Pycnogenol at Amazon.com.
• High serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with low incidence of stress fractures - J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Jun 22 - "There was approximately half the risk of stress fracture in the top compared to bottom quintile of serum 25(OH)D concentration (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.34-0.76, p < 0.01). The range of serum 25(OH)D in the lowest quintile was 1.5-19.7 (Mean 13.9) ng/ml, while in the highest it was 39.9-112 (Mean 49.7) ng/ml" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin (OH)D and clinical fracture risk in a multiethnic Cohort of women: The Women's health initiative (WHI) - J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Jun 27 - "In multivariable models, higher 25(OH)D levels as compared with levels <20ng/mL were associated with a lower risk of fracture in White women: (20- < 30 ng/mL), OR = 0.82; (0.59, 1.16) and (>30.0 ng/mL), OR = 0.55; (0.34, 0.89), p trend = 0.02. In contrast, higher 25(OH)D (>20 ng/mL) as compared with levels <20ng/mL were associated with a higher risk of fracture in Black women, OR = 1.45; (1.06, 1.98), p trend = 0.043. Higher 25(OH)D (>30.0 ng/mL) was associated with higher fracture risk in Asian women after adjusting for DBP, OR = 2.78; (0.99, 7.88), (p trend = 0.04). There was no association between 25(OH)D and fracture in Hispanic or American Indian women. Our results suggest divergent associations between 25(OH)D and fracture by race/ethnicity. The optimal level of 25(OH)D for skeletal health may differ in White and Black women"
• Blueberries help lab rats build strong bones - Science Daily, 6/21/11 - "animals fed rations that contained 10 percent freeze-dried blueberry powder had significantly more bone mass than their counterparts whose rations were blueberry-free ... When the researchers exposed laboratory cultures of bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) to blood (serum) from the animals, the scientists found that serum from the blueberry-fed rats was associated with an increase in development of osteoblasts into mature, functional bone cells" - See blueberry extract at Amazon.com.
• High levels of vitamin D needed for bone density drugs to work, study shows - Science Daily, 6/6/11 - "To fully optimize a drug therapy for osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD), patients should maintain vitamin D levels above the limits recently recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) ... maintaining a circulating vitamin D level above 33 ng/ml is associated with a seven-fold greater likelihood of having a more favorable outcome with bisphosphonate therapy" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Before you start bone-building meds, try dietary calcium and supplements, experts urge - Science Daily, 5/2/11 - "For many people, prescription bone-building medicines should be a last resort ... adults who increase their intake of calcium and vitamin D usually increase bone mineral density and reduce the risk for hip fracture significantly ... I suspect that many doctors reach for their prescription pads because they believe it's unlikely that people will change their diets ... prescription bone-building medications are expensive, and many have side effects, including ironically an increase in hip fractures and jaw necrosis. They should be used only if diet and supplements don't do the trick ... For bone health, the researchers also encourage consuming adequate protein, less sodium, and more magnesium and potassium"
• Belly fat puts women at risk for osteoporosis, study finds - Science Daily, 11/30/10
• High-Protein Diet Limits Bone Resorption - Doctor's Guide, 10/19/10 - "The clinical takeaway message is that if you are a postmenopausal woman and dieting, if you can take 24% of your total calories as protein, and have adequate calcium and vitamin D, you can prevent the bone loss that is typically associated with weight loss"
• Resveratrol prevents RANKL induced osteoclast differentiation of murine osteoclast progenitor RAW 264.7 cells through inhibition of ROS production - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Sep 16 - "The bone protective effects of resveratrol have been demonstrated in several osteoporosis models while the underlying mechanism is largely unclear ... We postulate that the direct inhibitory effects of resveratrol on osteoclastogenesis are mediated via inhibition of ROS generation" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.
• Science strengthens for olive extract’s bone benefits - Nutra USA, 9/14/10 - “Our data suggest that oleuropein, highly abundant in olive tree products included in the traditional Mediterranean diet, could prevent age-related bone loss and osteoporosis" - [Abstract] - See olive leaf extract at Amazon.com.
• Oleuropein enhances osteoblastogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis: the effect on differentiation in stem cells derived from bone marrow - Osteoporos Int. 2010 May 21 - "Our data suggest that oleuropein, highly abundant in olive tree products included in the traditional Mediterranean diet, could prevent age-related bone loss and osteoporosis" - See olive leaf extract at Amazon.com.
• Acid diet (high-meat protein) effects on calcium metabolism and bone health - Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Aug 16 - "Increased potential renal acid load resulting from a high protein (intake above the current Recommended Dietary Allowance of 0.8 g protein/kg body weight) intake has been closely associated with increased urinary calcium excretion. However, recent findings do not support the assumption that bone is lost to provide the extra calcium found in urine. Neither whole body calcium balance is, nor are bone status indicators, negatively affected by the increased acid load. Contrary to the supposed detrimental effect of protein, the majority of epidemiological studies have shown that long-term high-protein intake increases bone mineral density and reduces bone fracture incidence. The beneficial effects of protein such as increasing intestinal calcium absorption and circulating IGF-I whereas lowering serum parathyroid hormone sufficiently offset any negative effects of the acid load of protein on bone health"
• T3 affects expression of collagen I and collagen cross-linking in bone cell cultures - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Aug 10 - "T3 increased mRNA expressions of procollagen-lysine-1,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (Plod2) and of lysyloxidase (Lox), both genes involved in post-translational modification of collagen. Moreover, it stimulated mRNA expression of BMP-1, the processing enzyme of the lysyloxidase-precursor and of procollagen. An increase in the collagen cross-link-ratio Pyr/deDHLNL indicates, that T3 modulated cross-link maturation in the MC3T3-E1 culture system. These results demonstrate that T3 directly regulates collagen synthesis and collagen cross-linking by up-regulating gene expression of the specific cross-link related enzymes, and underlines the importance of a well-balanced concentration of thyroid hormones for maintenance of bone quality" - See T3 at International Anti-aging Systems.
• Low calcium intake linked with increased risk of osteoporosis and hypertension in postmenopausal women - Science Daily, 6/18/10 - "a significantly increased proportion of women (35.4%) who consumed a lower amount of calcium through intake from dairy sources, had a concurrent diagnosis of both hypertension and osteoporosis, compared with women who consumed a higher amount of calcium (19.3% p<0.001) ... Further statistical analyses revealed that a lower calcium intake was associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension or osteoporosis over time when compared with controls (Odds Ratio (OR) hypertension: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.12-1.82, osteoporosis: OR 1.46; CI: 1.15-1.85). Women who consumed a lower amount of calcium were shown to be most likely to develop both conditions over time compared with women consuming a higher amount of calcium (OR 1.60; CI: 1.09-2.34)"
• Vitamin D deficiency and frailty in older Americans - J Intern Med. 2010 Apr 28 - "Nationally representative survey of noninstitutionalized US residents collected between 1988 and 1994. Results. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency, defined as a serum concentration <15 ng mL(-1), was associated with a 3.7-fold increase in the odds of frailty amongst whites and a fourfold increase in the odds of frailty amongst non-whites. This association persisted after sensitivity analyses adjusting for season of the year and latitude of residence, intended to reduce misclassification of persons as 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficient or insufficient. Conclusion. Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with frailty amongst older adults" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Dietary protein may reduce hip fractures in the elderly - Science Daily, 5/5/10 - "individuals who were in the lowest 25 percent of dietary protein intake had approximately 50 percent more hip fractures than those who consumed greater amounts of dietary protein (all within normal intakes). Those who suffered hip fractures consumed less than the 46 grams of dietary protein per day recommended for adults"
• NASA studies find omega-3 may help reduce bone loss - Science Daily, 5/10/10 - "In a series of cell-based studies, scientists documented that adding a specific omega-3 fatty acid to cells would inhibit the activation of factors that lead to bone breakdown. This was true in both typical cell cultures and those designed to mimic weightlessness. The inhibited factor is known as "nuclear factor kappa B" or NFκB. NFκB is involved in immune system behavior and the inflammation process. The activation of NFκB in different tissues can lead to bone and muscle loss" - See Nutra USA article below.  It was DHA, not EPA that worked. See Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Omega-3 linked to healthier, stronger bones: Rat study - Nutra USA, 5/7/10 - "According to findings of a new study with rats, DHA “appears to be a vital constituent of marrow” and enhances bone mineral content (BMC). The findings did not extend to EPA, however ... Scientists from NASA recently reported in the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research that the omega-3 EPA may protect against bone loss during space flight" - [Abstract] - See Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Those who exercise when young have stronger bones when they grow old - 5/3/10 - "those who actively did sports, and also those who used to do sports, had greater bone density than those who had never done sports ... men who had stopped training more than six years ago still had larger and thicker bones in the lower leg than those who had never done sport ... The bones respond best when you're young, and if you train and load them with your own bodyweight during these years, it has a stimulating effect on their development"
• Bone mineral content is positively correlated to n-3 fatty acids in the femur of growing rats - Br J Nutr. 2010 Apr 27:1-12 - "DHA accumulates in the osteoblast-rich and nerve-abundant periosteum of femur; DHA but not EPA appears to be a vital constituent of marrow and periosteum of healthy modelling bone; and both DHA and total n-3 PUFA strongly correlate to BMC" - See Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Beer is a rich source of silicon and may help prevent osteoporosis - Science Daily, 2/8/10 - "Silicon is present in beer in the soluble form of orthosilicic acid (OSA), which yields 50% bioavailability, making beer a major contributor to silicon intake in the Western diet. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), dietary silicon (Si), as soluble OSA, may be important for the growth and development of bone and connective tissue, and beer appears to be a major contributor to Si intake. Based on these findings, some studies suggest moderate beer consumption may help fight osteoporosis, a disease of the skeletal system characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue" - See Jarrow BioSil at iHerb (it says "Reduces Fine Lines and Wrinkles by 19%").  I put ten drops of it in my coffee every morning.
• Benefits of calcium and vitamin D in preventing fractures confirmed - Science Daily, 1/14/10 - "both calcium and vitamin D supplements on a daily basis reduces the risk of bone fractures, regardless of whether a person is young or old, male or female, or has had fractures in the past, a large study of nearly 70,000 patients from throughout the United States and Europe has found" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D: What is an adequate vitamin D level and how much supplementation is necessary? - Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2009 Dec;23(6):789-95 - "Vitamin D modulates fracture risk in two ways: by decreasing falls and increasing bone density. Two most recent meta-analyses of double-blind randomised controlled trials came to the conclusion that vitamin D reduces the risk of falls by 19%, the risk of hip fracture by 18% and the risk of any non-vertebral fracture by 20%; however, this benefit was dose dependent. Fall prevention was only observed in a trial of at least 700IU vitamin D per day, and fracture prevention required a received dose (treatment dose*adherence) of more than 400IU vitamin D per day. Anti-fall efficacy started with achieved 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of at least 60nmoll(-1) (24 ngml(-1)) and anti-fracture efficacy started with achieved 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of at least 75nmoll(-1) (30ng ml(-1)) and both endpoints improved further with higher achieved 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Founded on these evidence-based data derived from the general older population, vitamin D supplementation should be at least 700-1000IU per day and taken with good adherence to cover the needs for both fall and fracture prevention. Ideally, the target range for 25-hydroxyvitamin D should be at least 75nmoll(-1), which may need more than 700-1000IU vitamin D in individuals with severe vitamin D deficiency or those overweight" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• New Evidence That Green Tea May Help Improve Bone Health - Science Daily, 9/16/09 - "The scientists exposed a group of cultured bone-forming cells (osteoblasts) to three major green tea components — epigallocatechin (EGC), gallocatechin (GC), and gallocatechin gallate (GCG) — for several days. They found that one in particular, EGC, boosted the activity of a key enzyme that promotes bone growth by up to 79 percent. EGC also significantly boosted levels of bone mineralization in the cells, which strengthens bones. The scientists also showed that high concentrations of ECG blocked the activity of a type of cell (osteoclast) that breaks down or weakens bones. The green tea components did not cause any toxic effects to the bone cells, they note" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Higher sea fish intake is associated with greater bone mass and lower osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal Chinese women - Osteoporos Int. 2009 Aug 6 - "After adjusting for the potential confounders, we observed dose-dependent relations between sea fish intake and BMDs, BMCs, and osteoporosis risk; the mean BMDs were 3.2-6.8% higher, and BMCs 5.1-9.4% higher in the top quintile groups (Q5) of sea fish intake than in the bottom quintile (Q1) at the whole body and hip sites (p < 0.05); the odds ratios (95% confidence interval (CI)) for osteoporosis (T-score < -2.5) in Q5 were 0.23 (0.08-0.66), 0.12 (0.03-0.59), and 0.06 (0.01-0.44) compared with those in Q1 at the whole body, total hip, and femur neck, respectively. No independent association between consumption of freshwater fish or shellfish and bone mass was observed ... Higher intake of sea fish is independently associated with greater bone mass and lower osteoporosis risk among postmenopausal Chinese women" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Green tea extracts linked to healthier bones: Study - Nutra USA, 8/6/09 - "EGC was found to stimulate bone mineralisation, while simultaneously inhibiting the formation of osteoclasts. The other catechins were found to have a significantly weaker effect ... “The present study illustrated that the tea catechins, EGC in particular, had positive effects on bone metabolism through a double process of promoting osteoblastic activity and inhibiting osteoclast differentiations" - [Abstract] - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Effects of Tea Catechins, Epigallocatechin, Gallocatechin, and Gallocatechin Gallate, on Bone Metabolism - J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Aug 4 - "The present study illustrated that the tea catechins, EGC in particular, had positive effects on bone metabolism through a double process of promoting osteoblastic activity and inhibiting osteoclast differentiations" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Zinc Deficiency Reduces Bone Mineral Density in the Spine of Young Adult Rats: A Pilot Study - Ann Nutr Metab. 2009 Jun 9;54(3):218-226 - "These findings indicate that severe zinc deficiency initiated during adolescence may have important implications for future bone health, especially with regards to bone consolidation in the spine"
• Review supports vitamin K's fracture reducing power - Nutra USA, 5/20/09 - "The most important findings in this review are that although supplementation with lower doses of vitamin K may be sufficient to reduce serum ucOC levels, supplementation with higher doses may be required for optimal bone health" - [Abstract] - See vitamin K at Amazon.com.
• High-dose vitamin K supplementation reduces fracture incidence in postmenopausal women: a review of the literature - Nutr Res. 2009 Apr;29(4):221-8 - "randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ... The review of the reliable literature confirmed the effect of vitamin K(1) and vitamin K(2) supplementation on the skeleton of postmenopausal women mediated by mechanisms other than bone mineral density and bone turnover" - See vitamin K at Amazon.com.
• A Stronger Backbone: DHEA Hormone Replacement Increases Bone Density In Older Women - Science Daily, 5/17/09 - "Taking a DHEA supplement combined with vitamin D and calcium can significantly improve spinal bone density in older women ... The effects of the treatment differed for men and women. After the first year, women in the test group experienced an approximate 2 percent increase in bone density, while women in the control group did not see an increase. After the second year when both groups took the DHEA supplement, women in the test group experienced an additional 2 percent increase for a total of approximately 4 percent, while women who switched from placebo to DHEA also experienced an approximate 2 percent increase ... The same treatment, however, did not offer similar benefits for older men" - See DHEA at Amazon.com.
• Nonvertebral Fracture Prevention With Vitamin D May Be Dose-Dependent - Medscape, 3/31/09 - "A dose-response relationship between vitamin D and fracture reduction is supported by epidemiologic data showing a significant positive trend between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and hip bone density and lower extremity strength"
• Vitamin D Supplements Associated With Reduced Fracture Risk in Older Adults - Doctor's Guide, 3/23/09 - "The authors then pooled the results of only the 9 trials in which participants received doses of more than 400 international units per day. At this dosage, vitamin D supplements reduced non-vertebral fractures by 20% and hip fractures by 18% ... A greater reduction in risk was also seen among trial participants whose blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D achieved a greater increase" - [Science Daily] - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Moderate Alcohol Intake Associated With Bone Protection - Science Daily, 3/3/09 - "In an epidemiological study of men and post-menopausal women primarily over 60 years of age, regular moderate alcohol intake was associated with greater bone mineral density (BMD). Researchers at the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (USDA HNRCA) at Tufts University found associations were strongest for beer and wine and, importantly, BMD was significantly lower in men drinking more than two servings of liquor per day"
• Building Strong Bones: Running May Provide More Benefits Than Resistance Training, Study Finds - Science Daily, 2/27/09 - "both resistance training and high-impact endurance activities increase bone mineral density. However, high-impact sports, like running, appear to have a greater beneficial effect"
• Flaxseed combined with low-dose estrogen therapy preserves bone tissue in ovariectomized rats - Menopause. 2009 Jan 29 - "Flaxseed + low-dose estrogen therapy resulted in the highest bone mineral density and peak load at the lumbar vertebrae, with no effect on bone mineral density or strength in the tibia and femur. Flaxseed and flaxseed + low-dose estrogen therapy resulted in significantly higher relative levels of alpha-linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid and lower levels of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, and n-6/n-3 ratio in the lumbar vertebrae and tibia compared with all other groups" - See flax seed at Amazon.com.
• Nutrient Supports Bone Health Over Time - Science Daily, 1/20/09 - "The results suggest there is a protective effect of carotenoids, particularly of lycopene, against bone loss in older adults. The researchers concluded that carotenoids may explain, in part, the previously observed protective effects of fruit and vegetable consumption on bone mineral density" - See Jarrow Lyco-Sorb (contains Lyco-O-Mato) at Amazon.com.
• Genistein Safely Improves Bone Formation in Osteopenic, Postmenopausal Women - Medscape, 1/14/09 - "Usually, the drugs used in the management of osteopenia/osteoporosis have been classified as predominantly 'antiresorptive agents' or as 'bone-forming agents' but, on the basis of our results, genistein might represent the first therapy that overcomes this classification by combining a powerful bone-forming as well as an antiresorptive activity ... All postmenopausal women with bone loss would be ideal candidates for genistein aglycone treatment ... Genistein aglycone has a good safety profile, and in addition it is effective against climacteric syndrome (i.e., hot flushes and night sweats)"
• Calcium And Vitamin D May Not Be The Only Protection Against Bone Loss - Science Daily, 12/3/08 - "Diets that are high in protein and cereal grains produce an excess of acid in the body which may increase calcium excretion and weaken bones ... When fruits and vegetables are metabolized they add bicarbonate, an alkaline compound, to the body ... bicarbonate had a favorable effect on bone resorption and calcium excretion ... 171 men and women aged 50 and older were randomized to receive placebo or doses of either: potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, or potassium chloride for three months. Researchers found that subjects taking bicarbonate had significant reductions in calcium excretion, signaling a decrease in bone resorption"
• Tea Drinking May Help Preserve Hip Structure in Elderly Women - Medscape, 10/29/08 - "The cross-sectional analysis revealed that mean total hip aBMD was 2.8% greater in tea drinkers ... Compared with non–tea drinkers, tea drinkers had a significantly higher aBMD at the total hip and trochanter sites but not at the femoral neck and intertrochanter sites" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin C linked to Reduced Bone Loss in Older Men - WebMD, 9/19/08 - "If you don't have enough vitamin C, you don't make bones right. Collagen is the principal protein of bones, accounting for nearly half the volume. What the collagen does is prevent bones from coming apart" - See vitamin C products at Amazon.com.
• Calcium With or Without Vitamin D May Help Prevent Osteoporosis - Medscape, 8/27/08 - "For best therapeutic effect, we recommend minimum doses of 1200 mg of calcium, and 800 IU of vitamin D (for combined calcium plus vitamin D supplementation)"
• Vitamin K good for young bones, too: study - Nutra USA, 7/17/08 - "These findings suggest that improvement in vitamin K status, and thus in the amount of active osteocalcin, might significantly improve bone health in children, even in those with arthritis" - See vitamin K at Amazon.com.
• Calcium Alone Does Not Reduce Hip Fracture Risk - Science Daily, 6/29/08 - "a recent analysis of several studies found no reduction in risk of hip fracture with calcium supplementation ... Future studies of fracture prevention should focus on the best combination of calcium plus vitamin D, rather than on calcium supplementation alone"
• Choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid supplementation as an adjunct to Calcium/Vitamin D3 stimulates markers of bone formation in osteopenic females: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial - BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008 Jun 11;9(1):85 - "There were no ch-OSA related adverse events observed and biochemical safety parameters remained within the normal range ... Combined therapy of ch-OSA and Ca/Vit D3 had a potential beneficial effect on bone collagen compared to Ca/Vit D3 alone which suggests that this treatment is of potential use in osteoporosis" - See Jarrow BioSil at Amazon.com.  I take about 9 drops per day of it with my orange juice.
• Vitamin D status and response to treatment in post-menopausal osteoporosis - Osteoporos Int. 2008 Jun 13 - "The adjusted odds ratio for incident fractures in vitamin D deficient as compared to vitamin D repleted women was 1.77 ... Optimal vitamin D repletion seems to be necessary to maximize the response to anti-resorbers in terms of both BMD changes and anti-fracture efficacy" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Current Vitamin D Recommendations Fraction Of Safe, Perhaps Essential Levels For Children - Science Daily, 5/27/08 - "The current recommended daily allowance (RDA) of vitamin D for children is 200 International Units (IUs), but new research reveals that children may need and can safely take ten-times that amount ... Only children given the equivalent of 2,000 IUs a day of vitamin D increased 25-OHD levels from the mid-teens to the mid-thirties (ng/ml)--the level considered optimal for adults. None of the children in either trial showed any evidence for vitamin D intoxication"  - Seevitamin D at Amazon.com.  I've gone to the vitamin D 2000 IU at Amazon.com.  If you're worried about that being to high, just skip a day or two per week which most do anyway just by forgetting to take them.
• Relationship of sex steroid hormones with bone mineral density in a nationally-representative sample of men - Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 May 14 - "Men in the lowest quartile of free estradiol had 70% increased odds (OR=1.69, 95% CI 0.95-2.98) of osteopenia compared with men in the highest quartile. Men in the lowest quartile of free testosterone had nearly four times the odds of osteopenia than those in the highest quartile (OR=3.82; 95% CI 1.87-7.78). Lower concentrations of SHBG appeared protective against osteopenia (p-trend=0.01). Neither total testosterone nor total estradiol was associated with BMD, although men with clinically low estradiol (<20 ng/l) had lower BMD (0.930 g/cm(2), 95% CI 0.88-0.98) than men with normal-range estradiol (1.024 g/cm(2), 1.01-1.04; p=0.004"
• Aggressive Vitamin D Treatment for Osteoporosis - Medscape, 5/19/08 - "Singh called the findings "alarming" and said that although many physicians believe vitamin D deficiency is not a problem, with 41% of study patients found to have a vitamin D level of less than 30 ng/mL, "most likely that is not true," he said" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D, calcium combo may cut exercise-related stress fractures - Nutra USA, 4/25/08 - "randomly assigned the recruits to receive daily supplements of 2,000 mg of calcium and 800 IU of vitamin D, and the other group received a placebo ... Women receiving the vitamin-mineral combination were 20 per cent less likely to experience the fractures" - [Abstract]
• Calcium and vitamin d supplementation decreases incidence of stress fractures in female navy recruits - J Bone Miner Res. 2008 May;23(5):741-9 - "randomized them to 2000 mg calcium and 800 IU vitamin D/d or placebo ... found a 21% lower incidence of fractures in the supplemented versus the control group" - [Nutra USA]
• Effects of conjugated linoleic acid and exercise on bone mass in young male Balb/C mice - Lipids Health Dis. 2006 Mar 23;5:7 - "Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) has been reported to lower body fat mass. However, weight loss is generally associated with negative effects on bone mass, but CLA is reported to have beneficial effects on bone ... a combination therapy of CLA and EX on bone health has not been studied ... although CLA decreased gain in body weight by 35%, it however increased bone mass by both reducing bone resorption and increasing bone formation. EX also decreased gain in body weight by 21% and increased bone mass; but a combination of CLA and EX, however, did not show any further increase in bone mass" - See conjugated linoleic acid at Amazon.com.
• Better Bone Density Test - Dr. Weil, 1/14/08 - "If you’re a woman at risk for osteoporosis, I strongly recommend that you have a DEXA scan ... In addition, I recommend that all women supplement with 500 to 700 mg of calcium citrate in two divided doses taken with meals ... For men, I now suggest aiming for 500 mg from all sources. (Because higher amounts have been linked to increased risks of prostate cancer, men generally should avoid supplemental calcium.) I also recommend that both men and women take 1,000 IU of vitamin D3"
• Effect of dehydroepiandrosterone supplementation on bone mineral density, bone markers, and body composition in older adults: the DAWN trial - Osteoporos Int. 2007 Dec 15 - "Among older healthy adults, daily administration of 50 mg of DHEA has a modest and selective beneficial effect on BMD and bone resorption in women, but provides no bone benefit for men"
• Soy isoflavone intake increases bone mineral density in the spine of menopausal women: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec 4 - "Isoflavone intervention significantly attenuates bone loss of the spine in menopausal women. These favorable effects become more significant when more than 90mg/day of isoflavones are consumed. And soy isoflavone consumption for 6 months can be enough to exert beneficial effects on bone in menopausal women"
• Optimal vitamin d status for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis - Drugs Aging. 2007;24(12):1017-29 - "Vitamin D deficiency [as defined by a serum 25(OH)D level of <50 nmol/L (<20 ng/mL)] is pandemic. This deficiency is very prevalent in osteoporotic patients. Vitamin D deficiency causes osteopenia, osteoporosis and osteomalacia, increasing the risk of fracture. Unlike osteoporosis, which is a painless disease, osteomalacia causes aching bone pain that is often misdiagnosed as fibromyalgia or chronic pain syndrome or is simply dismissed as depression. Vitamin D deficiency causes muscle weakness, increasing the risk of falls and fractures, and should be aggressively treated with pharmacological doses of vitamin D. Vitamin D sufficiency can be sustained by sensible sun exposure or ingesting at least 800-1000IU of vitamin D(3) daily" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Tea drinking is associated with benefits on bone density in older women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Oct;86(4):1243-1247 - "In the cross-sectional analysis, total hip aBMD was 2.8% greater in tea drinkers (x: 806; 95% CI: 797, 815 mg/cm(2)) than in non-tea drinkers (784; 764, 803 mg/cm(2)) (P < 0.05). In the prospective analysis over 4 y, tea drinkers lost an average of 1.6% of their total hip aBMD (-32; -45, -19 mg/cm(2)), but non-tea drinkers lost 4.0%" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Drinking Tea May Slow Bone Loss - WebMD, 10/8/07 - "A new study shows elderly women who drank tea had higher bone density in their hips and less bone loss than women who didn't drink tea ... Previous studies have suggested that phytochemicals in tea, such as flavonoids, may be responsible for the protective effect against bone loss due to their estrogen-like properties"
• New Proof of Genistein's Efficacy and Safety for Osteopenia and Osteoporosis Published in Annals of Internal Medicine - Doctor's Guide, 7/16/07 - "85% of the women taking genistein showed a gain in bone density ... In addition, women taking genistein with calcium and vitamin D achieved a gain in bone density of approximately 3% per year over baseline and 6% per year over those taking the placebo"
• Soy Compound May Bolster Women's Bones - WebMD, 6/18/07 - "After two years, the DEXA scans showed increases in bone mineral density in women taking genistein"
• Two-year randomized controlled trial of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin D3 plus calcium on the bone health of older women - J Bone Miner Res. 2007 Apr;22(4):509-19 - "women who took combined vitamin K and vitamin D plus calcium showed a significant and sustained increase in both BMD and BMC at the site of the ultradistal radius"
• Not just calcium and vitamin d: other nutritional considerations in osteoporosis - Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2007 Feb;9(1):85-92 - "Other nutritional considerations include nutrients such as vitamin B-12 and vitamin K that may reduce fracture risk by increasing bone mineral density as well as the improvement of bone microarchitecture. Diets high in fruits and vegetables contribute nutrients such as magnesium associated with bone health and may also produce an alkaline environment, reducing calcium excretion and thus improving bone density"
• Soy isoflavone intake inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation in menopausal women: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar 28 - "Isoflavone intervention significantly inhibits bone resorption and stimulates bone formation"
• n-3 Fatty acids are positively associated with peak bone mineral density and bone accrual in healthy men: the NO2 Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):803-7 - "The results showed that n-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, are positively associated with bone mineral accrual and, thus, with peak BMD in young men" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com or Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin K(2) supplementation improves hip bone geometry and bone strength indices in postmenopausal women - Osteoporos Int. 2007 Feb 8 - "Vitamin K(2) helps maintaining bone strength at the site of the femoral neck in postmenopausal women by improving BMC and FNW, whereas it has little effect on DXA-BMD" - See vitamin K at Amazon.com.
• Beware of Bone Boosters? - Dr. Weil, 2/8/07 - "I also worry about using bisphosphonates on a long-term basis because of new evidence showing that they can lead to very serious problems. Dentists have been observing that some patients on these drugs are at risk of developing an untreatable condition called osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ). Osteonecrosis means death of bone tissue. ONJ can cause chronic pain and disfigurement. Symptoms include toothache, jaw pain, loosening of teeth, recurrent infection of the soft tissue of the jaw, and exposed bone"
• Vitamin link to bone loss probed - BBC News, 11/14/06 - "Increased amounts of homocysteine in the blood may increase the risk of developing osteoporosis ... Individuals who have a poor dietary intake of B-vitamins tend to have high homocysteine levels"
• Potassium citrate supplements linked to thicker bones - Nutra USA, 10/12/06 - "Taking potassium citrate supplements could boost bone mineral density by similar amounts as observed with pharmaceuticals ... At the end of the study, women taking the potassium citrate supplement are reported to have a significant, one per cent increase in BMD in the vertebrae of the lower back (lumbar spine), compared to baseline ... However, the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine of women taking the potassium chloride supplement (none alkaline) was found to have significantly decreased after one year of supplementation, by about one per cent" - See iHerb potassium citrate products.
• CLA continues to offer possibilities for bone health - Nutra USA, 10/2/06 - "After 10 weeks of either diet, it was found that the CLA-fed mice had higher bone mineral density (BMD) in specific bone regions than corn oil (CO)-fed mice. This increased BMD was tied to a reduced activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) ... the CLA-fed mice also had significantly lower fat mass and increased muscle mass, compared to CO-fed mice" - See CLA products at iHerb.
• Study Suggests Vitamin K Deficiency as an Osteoporosis Risk Factor - Doctor's Guide, 9/22/06 - "one of the early effects of declining estrogen is the impairment of vitamin K function in bone even before any bone loss that could be attributed to menopause can be measured ... Our study suggests that the generally accepted level of vitamin K in healthy women is inadequate to maintain bone health just at the onset of menopause" - See iHerb vitamin K products.
• Soy Isoflavones Protect Postmenopausal Women From Bone Loss - Medscape, 7/14/06 - "There was a significant, linear dose-related response for isoflavones vs placebo in terms of bone density at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, but not at the trochanter"
• Strong support for vitamin K’s bone health benefits - Nutra USA, 6/27/06 - "Supplementation of vitamin K (MK-4) resulted in reductions in hip fractures of 77 per cent, vertebral fracture of 60 per cent, and all non-vertebral fractures of 81 per cent"
• Increasing Dietary and Supplemental Calcium - Medscape, 6/16/06 - "Postmenopausal women, as reported in many studies, tend to have average serum 25(OH)D values ranging from 50 to 55 nmol/L (20 to 22 ng/mL)[8,10] and are therefore absorbing the calcium they ingest with reduced efficiency ... raising serum 25(OH)D from the typical postmenopausal range up to 75 nmol/L resulted in a 33% reduction in all osteoporotic fractures combined"
• Soy isoflavones attenuate bone loss in early postmenopausal Chinese women : A single-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial - Eur J Nutr. 2006 Jun 8 - "There is a significantly dose-dependent effect of soy isoflavones on attenuating bone loss at the spine and femoral neck possibly via the inhibition of bone resorption in non-obese postmenopausal Chinese women with high Kuppermann Scale"
• Evaluating vitamin D status. Implications for preventing and managing osteoporosis and other chronic diseases - Joint Bone Spine. 2006 Feb 17 - "recent review articles indicate that current reference ranges for serum 25-OH-vitamin D are too low. An appropriate lower normal limit may be between 50-100 nmol/l (20-40 ng/ml). Standard supplement dosages may fail to provide concentrations above this range" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin K treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis in Indonesia - J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2006 Apr;32(2):230-4 - "After 48 weeks of treatment, the mean percentage change of lumbar BMD in the vitamin K(2) group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than that of the control group" - See iHerb vitamin K products.
• Women with Osteoporosis May Need More Vitamin D - Healthwell, 3/16/06 - "More than half of American women receiving drug therapy for osteoporosis are deficient in vitamin D ... The new research suggests that many women with osteoporosis are using drugs to treat a problem that could be helped simply by getting sun more often or by taking a nutritional supplement"
• Bone care: It's still basic - USA Today, 3/5/06 - "the postmenopausal women in the study weren't typical. Most who were assigned to take supplements also got lots of calcium and vitamin D in their diets, so adding pills didn't make much difference. And many who were assigned placebos also took supplements on their own, something researchers allowed ... It's not surprising there was a blunted response ... The National Osteoporosis Foundation saw nothing in the study to change its endorsement of calcium and vitamin D"
• Calcium Plus Vitamin-D Supplementation Does An Older Body Good - Science Daily, 2/24/06 - "The older the woman, the more likely it is that consistent use of calcium and vitamin-D supplements will play a role in reducing her risk for osteoporosis"
• Study Finds Calcium Supplements Don't Prevent Broken Bones - New York Times, 2/15/06 - "the participants were randomly assigned to take 1000 milligrams of calcium and 400 international units of vitamin D a day ... When they looked only at the women who took 80 percent of their pills, the supplements reduced hip fractures by 29 percent. The annual rate of hip fractures in adherent women taking the supplements was 10 per 10,000, compared with 14 per 10,000 in adherent women taking placebos"
• Calcium, Vitamin D: Help Women's Hips? - WebMD, 2/15/06 - "Calcium and vitamin D supplements may help protect some older women's hips -- but only when taken regularly"
• Magnesium Prevents Osteoporosis - Healthwell, 2/9/06 - "a higher magnesium intake was associated with greater whole-body bone mineral density, after adjusting for calcium and vitamin D intake, level of exercise, use of estrogen medication, and other factors known to be related to bone health"
• Strategies for Preventing Osteoporosis in Men - Life Extension Magazine, 1/06 - "For men, maintaining good bone health starts with regular doctor visits to screen for bone mineral density and prostate cancer. Other essentials are regular, weight-bearing exercise, healthy, moderate-protein diets, and supplements including vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and isoflavones to help prevent bone mineral losses"
• Dietary Magnesium Could Lead to Stronger Bones - Doctor's Guide, 12/21/05 - "For every 100 milligram per day increase in magnesium intake, data showed a 1% increase in bone density ... this link was only true for the older white men and women" - See iHerb magnesium products.
• Magnesium could reduce osteoporosis risk - Nutra USA, 12/8/05 - "Higher Mg intake through diet and supplements was positively associated with total-body [bone mineral density] BMD in older white men and women. For every 100 mg per day increase in Mg, there was an approximate 2 per cent increase in whole-body BMD"
• Nutritional Interventions in Osteoporosis - Medscape, 12/1/05 - "For adults over 50 years of age, the DASH diet emphasizing fruit and vegetables as well as dairy products and whole grains and beans, together with a calcium and a vitamin D supplement, will provide dietary defense against osteoporosis"
• Silicon may boost calcium/vitamin D bone benefits - Nutra USA, 11/23/05 - "Jarrow Formulas ... The effect was particularly pronounced in the PINP, the most sensitive bone formation marker. In the groups receiving six and 12mg of silicon, the improvements were “significant”" - See Jarrow BioSil at iHerb.
• Leading Osteoporosis Experts Reach Consensus on Role of Vitamin D in Bone Health in Americans Over 50 - Doctor's Guide, 11/22/05 - "over 70% of women ages 51-70 and nearly 90% of women over 70 are not getting the recommended adequate intake of vitamin D ... The roundtable panelists expressed concern that current recommendations do not provide for optimal bone health and recommended that intake levels be increased to 800-1,000 IU per day for patients over age 50" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Adequate Vitamin D Status Appears More Important than High Calcium Intake for Maintaining Calcium Metabolism - Doctor's Guide, 11/8/05 - "vitamin D sufficiency may be more important than high calcium intake in maintaining desired values of serum PTH ... Vitamin D supplements are necessary to ensure adequate vitamin D status for most of the year in northern climates" -  See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Most Postmenopausal Women Are Vitamin D Deficient - Doctor's Guide, 9/29/05 - "64% of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis have a vitamin D deficiency" -  See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy Among Postmenopausal North American Women Receiving Osteoporosis Therapy - Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2005 Oct;60(10):658-659 - "An adequate intake of vitamin D and calcium is viewed as a necessary part of treating osteoporosis ... At a cutoff point of 30 ng/mL, the prevalence of inadequacy was 63% in women taking less than 400 IU daily and 45% in those taking 400 IU or more" -  See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Potassium, The Hidden Bone Guardian - betterbones.com, 9/29/05
• Women Need More Calcium, Say Experts - WebMD, 9/28/05
• Postmenopausal Women Falling Far Short of Calcium Goals: Presented at ASBMR - Doctor's Guide, 9/28/05 - "A study finds that 85% of postmenopausal women do not consume enough calcium every day, and on average consume about 500 mg less than the US government's recommended daily intake (RDA)"
• Silicon May Play Important Role in Bone Health - Doctor's Guide, 9/27/05 - "Silicon, taken as choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid (ch-OSA) supplementation, might help improve bone health and type I collagen synthesis ... the benefits were especially apparent when evaluating changes in PINP, the most sensitive bone formation marker, and resulted in significant improvements after 12 months amongst the subjects in the six and 12 mg silicon groups" - See Jarrow BioSil at iHerb.
• After Menopause: Eating Soy May Help Bones - WebMD, 9/12/05 - "Within 10 years of menopause, the 20% who ate the most soy foods reported half as many fractures as the 20% who ate the least soy ... The highest level of consumption among Chinese women was about 13 grams of soy protein a day. A cup of soy milk contains about 6.6 grams"
• Taking A Break From Fractures: A Closer Look At Vitamin D - Science Daily, 8/11/05 - "The researchers concluded, though, that higher daily doses, in the range of 700 to 800 IU, may reduce the risk of fracture by approximately 25 percent ... only subjects receiving higher doses of vitamin D supplementation had significantly fewer fractures than did subjects in the comparison groups" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Balance of Essential Fats May Prevent Bone Loss After Menopause - Doctor's Guide, 7/13/05 - "After 12 weeks, rats with the lowest ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in their diet experienced significantly less bone loss than rats in the other dietary groups ... A 5-to-1 dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids led to a conservation of bone mineral content that we didn't see with a 10-to-1 ratio" -  See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com.
• Omega-3, Omega-6 Fatty Acids Can Affect Bone Loss - CBS 2 Chicago, 7/12/05 - "eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids -- found in walnuts and salmon -- may prevent bone thinning. While excess amounts of omega-6 -- found in grains and beef -- may actually promote bone loss ... a low ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 appears to be best"
• Vitamin D Deficit: Women's Silent Bone Threat - WebMD, 5/20/05 - "The study included 1,554 postmenopausal U.S. women being treated for osteoporosis ... More than half of the women (52%) had less-than-optimal levels of vitamin D ... Doctors need to pay more attention to vitamin D status"
• Fracture prevention with vitamin D supplementation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - JAMA. 2005 May 11;293(18):2257-64 - "Oral vitamin D supplementation between 700 to 800 IU/d appears to reduce the risk of hip and any nonvertebral fractures in ambulatory or institutionalized elderly persons. An oral vitamin D dose of 400 IU/d is not sufficient for fracture prevention"
• Homocysteine and vitamin b(12) status relate to bone turnover markers, broadband ultrasound attenuation, and fractures in healthy elderly people - J Bone Miner Res. 2005 Jun;20(6):921-9 - "High Hcy and low vitamin B(12) concentrations were significantly associated with low BUA, high markers of bone turnover, and increased fracture risk"
• Osteoporosis: the role of micronutrients - Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 May;81(5):1232S-9S - "Calcium has been shown to have beneficial effects on bone mass at all ages, although the results are not always consistent. Higher doses than the current US recommendation (600 IU) of vitamin D in the elderly (age >/= 65 y) may actually be required for optimal bone health (800-1000 IU/d) ... The other micronutrient needs for optimizing bone health can be easily met by a healthy diet that is high in fruits and vegetables to ensure adequate intakes for magnesium, potassium, vitamin C, vitamin K, and other potentially important nutrients"
• Fight Osteoporosis: Bone Up On B12 - Science Daily, 4/23/05 - "This study suggests adequate vitamin B12 intake is important for maintaining bone mineral density"
• Folate and Vitamin B12 Prevent Hip Fracture in Stroke Patients - Medscape, 3/25/05 - "The magnitude of benefit is similar to that found in trials of alendronate and raloxifene, with considerably less potential risk. The fact that BMD did not change suggests the benefit derives from quality, rather than quantity, of bone"
• Onions May Fight Osteoporosis - WebMD, 4/8/05
• Aerobic Exercise, Weights Boost Bone Strength - WebMD, 4/4/05
• Calcium Supplements: Benefits and Risks - Medscape, 1/26/05 - "Perhaps the most effective method of preventing osteoporosis is ingestion of adequate calcium. Experts suggest the daily requirement for calcium is 1,300 mg for people ages 9 to 18, 1,000 to 1,200 mg for adults 19 to 50, and 1,500 mg for people over 50 ... You should take only the amount of calcium recommended. Ingesting high doses of calcium each day can be harmful and can cause kidney stones"
• Got Fruit? Bones Need More Than Milk - WebMD, 10/26/04 - "Most people eat a diet that generates acids ... This increase in acid levels is thought to reduce bone strength ... Eating foods that buffer the acidic foods builds strong bones ... Nutrients found in fruits and vegetables may be protective for bone health ... The teenage girls who ate a large amount of fruit had the strongest bones"
• Study Says What's Good for the Heart May Be Good for the Bones - Doctor's Guide, 10/7/04 - "The study demonstrated a gain of up to 5% in bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip in postmenopausal women who drank 2 or fewer glasses of wine daily, and up to 7% in men who drank 1 or 2 beers daily"
• Vitamin K, bone turnover, and bone mass in girls - Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Oct;80(4):1075-80 - "Better vitamin K status was associated with decreased bone turnover in healthy girls consuming a typical US diet"
• Vitamin D Inadequacy Highly Prevalent Among Women Treated for Osteoporosis in North America - Doctor's Guide, 10/4/04 - "More than half of women currently treated for osteoporosis have suboptimal levels of vitamin D"
• Got Exercise? Workouts Better for Bone Health - WebMD, 6/11/04
• Vitamins May Lower Osteoporosis Fractures - Intelihealth, 5/13/04 - "B vitamins are known to reduce levels of homocysteine ... high levels of homocysteine at least double the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures"
• High protein promotes bone health - Nutra USA, 4/5/04
• Low B-12 Levels Linked to Increased Rate of Bone Loss - Medscape, 3/19/04 - "The results of this study raise the possibility that supplementation with vitamin B-12 or, for some elderly women, dietary assessment and modification may slow rates of bone loss" - See vitamin B12 at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin B12 levels linked to bone loss - Nutra USA, 3/4/04 - "after adjusting for age, weight and clinic site, women with the lowest levels of B12 (below 280 pg/ml) experienced significantly more rapid hip bone loss than women with higher levels of B12"
• Best Ways To Fight Osteoporosis - CBS News, 9/18/03 - "64 percent of women don't know how much calcium they need every day ... women from 19- to 50-years-old should consume 1,000 mg; and women over 50-years-old should consume 1,200 mg ... a high calcium intake will not protect a person against bone loss caused by estrogen deficiency, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol abuse or various medical disorders or treatments" - See drugstore.com/GNC calcium products.
• Vitamin D Supplementation and Fracture Prevention - Medscape, 9/11/03 - "Bottom line: Vitamin D supplementation is absolutely critical to bone health in the aging population. Although a number of research questions still need to be addressed, there is currently sufficient evidence to show that all women, living in areas of Northern Latitude, should be taking a vitamin D (and calcium) supplement"
• 60-Minute Workout Stops Bone Loss - WebMD, 9/5/03 - "Postmenopausal women who work out for 60 minutes, three times a week -- and take calcium -- can stop bone loss ... calcium alone isn't enough -- you also need vitamin D"
• Exercise Prevents Bone Loss in Early Post-Menopausal Women - New Hope Natural Media, 8/14/03
• Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation Effective for Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 7/18/03 - "Adequate vitamin D and calcium intake is essential to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 200 IU/day of vitamin D for women aged 50 or younger years, 400 IU/day for those aged 51-70 years, and 600 IU/day for those older than 70 years ... In women over the age of 65, there is increased risk of osteoporotic fracture of the hip and non-vertebral sites. Daily vitamin D intake between 800 and 900 IU and 1200-1300 mg of calcium for this population results in increased bone density, decreased bone turnover, and decreased non-vertebral fractures ... Studies have linked vitamin D supplementation to a decrease in body sway, suggesting that vitamin D supplementation may protect against fracture by preventing falls" - See drugstore.com/GNC calcium plus vitamin D supplements.
• Effects on bone mineral density of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in elderly women with vitamin D deficiency - Joint Bone Spine. 2003 Jun;70(3):203-208 - "bone mass in older women with vitamin D deficiency increases significantly at the lumbar spine, femur, trochanter, and whole body after calcium and vitamin D supplementation for 1 year, and concomitantly bone markers improved as vitamin D levels returned to normal"
• Protein intake: effects on bone mineral density and the rate of bone loss in elderly women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jun;77(6):1517-25 - "The highest quartile of protein intake (: 72 g/d) was associated with higher BMD in elderly women at baseline only when the calcium intake exceeded 408 mg/d"
• Calcium Supplementation and Exercise Improves Bone Mineral Status in Adolescent Girls - Doctor's Guide, 4/10/03
• Vitamin D Plus Calcium Supplements Boosts Calcium Absorption - WebMD, 4/1/03 - "We need calcium for good bones, but vitamin D is equally important -- it helps the body with calcium absorption. In fact, calcium supplements plus vitamin D can increase calcium absorption by up to 65%"
• Vitamin K Builds Strong Bones - New Hope Natural Media, 3/28/03 - "Without adequate vitamin K, osteocalcin cannot be produced, and bone formation becomes impaired ... when women with osteoporosis take supplemental vitamin K, the urinary excretion of calcium falls by about 50%, suggesting that less calcium is being leached from the bones ... Some research, however, suggests that the optimal level of intake may be higher, as much as 400 mcg per day. A typical western diet contains 80 to 150 mcg per day" - See iHerb vitamin K products.
• Remember Sodium? We're Still Getting Too Much - Intelihealth, 3/14/03 - "High sodium levels also raise the risk of osteoporosis and kidney problems ... In the case of osteoporosis, potassium appears to offset calcium losses from excessive sodium ... postmenopausal women with diets high in salt lost higher amounts of bone mineral. Eating potassium-rich foods such as bananas, tomatoes and orange juice helped stem the calcium loss"
• Interaction of Dietary Calcium and Protein in Bone Health in Humans - J. Nutr. 133:852S-854S, 3/03 - "Protein has both positive and negative effects on calcium balance, and the net effect of dietary protein on bone mass and fracture risk may be dependent on the dietary calcium intake. In addition to providing substrate for bone matrix, dietary protein stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a factor that promotes osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Protein also increases urinary calcium losses, by several proposed mechanisms. Increasing calcium intake may offset the negative impact of dietary protein on urinary calcium losses, allowing the favorable effect of protein on the IGF-1 axis to dominate"
• Vitamin D Can Prevent Fractures In Older People - Intelihealth, 2/28/03
• Vitamin D Helps Elderly Avoid Fractures - WebMD, 2/27/03
• Calcium, vitamin D, milk consumption, and hip fractures: a prospective study among postmenopausal women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Feb;77(2):504-11 - "Women consuming 12.5 µg vitamin D/d from food plus supplements had a 37% lower risk of hip fracture (RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.94) than did women consuming < 3.5 µg/d. Total calcium intake was not associated with hip fracture risk (RR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.68, 1.34 for 1200 compared with < 600 mg/d). Milk consumption was also not associated with a lower risk of hip fracture (P for trend = 0.21)"
• Vitamin K intake and bone mineral density in women and men - Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Feb;77(2):512-6 - "Low dietary vitamin K intake was associated with low BMD in women ... In contrast, there was no association between dietary vitamin K intake and BMD in men"
• Walking Your Way to Better Bones - WebMD, 11/13/02
• Low Vitamin D Levels Not Restricted To High-risk Groups - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "Vitamin D insufficiency is far more common than is generally assumed and is not necessarily restricted to high-risk groups such as the elderly ... Low vitamin D levels were found across diagnostic categories and were identified in 88 percent of patients with hip fractures; 67 percent of patients with wrist fractures; 50 percent of patients with vertebral fractures, and 52 percent of patients with other fractures ... This study demonstrates the high frequency of hypovitaminosis D in a UK specialist bone clinic setting and the clear need for vitamin D therapy may not [be] appreciated without [taking] vitamin D measurements"
• Low Bone Mineral Density and Quantitative Ultrasound in Men Associated with Low Vitamin K Status - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "Low vitamin K status is associated with low quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and low bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck and trochanter ... What we did was measure the amount of vitamin K in circulation and use the more sensitive measures of vitamin K status which was % undercarboxylated osteocalcin ... We corrected for triglycerides because vitamin K is transported in the blood by triglyceride-rich lipoproteins ... What we found was that the higher the amounts of vitamin K in the plasma, the higher the BMD" - So does that mean that if your triglycerides are in check you may need extra vitamin K?  See iHerb vitamin K products. - Ben
• Treating & Preventing Osteoporosis - Life Extension Magazine, 9/02 - "From systematic research the best external evidence is available for a supplementation with calcium and vitamin D and a therapy with the bisphosphonates alendronate or risedronate, as well as the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene (Evista)."
• People Living In Higher Latitudes Require Fall, Winter Vitamin D Supplements - Doctor's Guide, 6/10/02 - "Given that almost every person in our sample had serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels below 80 nmol/L at one point in the year, and that more than one-third of subjects had levels below the most conservative definition of vitamin D insufficiency, our findings support a recommendation for more aggressive vitamin D supplementation, particularly for elderly people and especially during the fall and winter months ... Low levels of vitamin D metabolites are associated with malabsorption of calcium, which results in bone loss"
• Soy Isoflavone May Improve Bone Metabolism in Perimenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 5/27/02 - "The isoflavone group (n=12) received daily capsules of soy isoflavone extract (61.8 mg of isoflavones) ... Excretion of bone resorption markers was reduced significantly in the isoflavone group"
• Getting Calcium On Young Girls' Radar - Intelihealth, 5/23/02 - "Ninety percent of girls ages 9 to 12 don't get enough calcium in their diets ... Ninety to 98 percent of your skeletal system is developed by age 20, so it's important that these bone-healthy activities are done early. After that, you're either going to maintain the bone density or you're going to lose it"
• Long-Time Tea Drinking Builds Strong Bones - WebMD, 5/14/02
• Calcium and Vitamin D3 Effective and Cost-Saving in Preventing Hip Fracture in Elderly European Women - Doctor's Guide, 5/13/02 - "simple dietary supplementation with calcium and vitamin D not only helps prevent hip fracture in institutionalized elderly women, it also saves up to 711,000 Euros (some US $640,000) per 1000 treated ... One group received elemental 1200 mg/day calcium plus 800 IU/day vitamin D3, while the other received a placebo. After three years, 25 percent fewer hip fractures were found among members of the supplemented group ... The savings may even be greater than this: remember, this study only takes into account hip fractures, but supplementation could prevent many other types of fracture as well"
• Tea May Strengthen Bones - Intelihealth, 5/13/02
• Aging Bone Mineral Density Better With High Protein Diet Plus Extra Calcium, Vitamin D - WebMD, 4/1/02
• High-Protein Diet Could Repair Bone Loss - WebMD, 3/25/02 - "The supplement group -- particularly those who ate a diet high in protein -- had significantly better bone mass density -- an accurate measure of bone loss. Those who took the placebo, however, had less calcium absorbed into their bloodstream when they consumed more protein"
• Does High Intake of Vitamin A Pose a Risk for Osteoporotic Fracture? - JAMA. 2002 Mar 20;287(11):1396-7 - "the evidence relating to a possible relationship between moderately high retinol intake and possible adverse effects on bone health remains inconclusive"
• Curbing Caffeine May Benefit Bones - HealthandAge, 1/11/02
• Kids Plagued by 'Calcium Crisis' - WebMD, 12/14/01 - "Only 14% of girls and 36% of boys age 12 to 19 in the U.S. are getting the recommended amounts of calcium, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture ... Close to 90% of adult bone is established by the end of the teen years. So if kids are off to a bad start in getting enough calcium, says the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), down the road, they are at serious risk of developing the brittle-bone disease osteoporosis as well as other bone diseases"
• Calcium, Keep What You Take - Life Extension Magazine, 3/99
• Vitamin K Deficiency Linked to Low Bone Mineral Density in Women - Doctor's Guide, 10/15/01
• Vitamin K Cuts Hip Fractures - Nutrition Science News, 9/01
• Vitamin E May Help Prevent Menopause Bone Loss - WebMD, 6/28/01 - "Treating these rats with vitamin E at a dose comparable to 400 IU in humans was just as good as estrogen treatment in restoring bone density and weight"
• Study Relates Jogging And Strong Bones - Intelihealth, 6/28/01 - "Young men who jog regularly build strong bones and may be less likely to develop the brittle bone disease osteoporosis ... For couch potatoes, men who do little or no exercise, the bone density of joggers was almost 8 percent better"
• Not for Ladies Only: Soy May Also Help Men at Risk for Osteoporosis - WebMD, 4/2/01 - "research suggests that a diet enriched with soy protein, which some research has shown can help preserve women's bones, may be able to do the same thing for men ... The group consuming soy protein had significantly more of this growth factor"
• PUFAs (omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) for Bone Growth and Repair - Nutrition Science News, 3/01
• Vitamin C May Help Ward Off Osteoporosis - WebMD, 2/8/01 - "Researchers have found that postmenopausal women who took vitamin C supplements had a higher bone density than those who didn't. The highest bone densities were also found in the women who were taking more than 1,000 mg/d."
• High Impact Physical Activity Cuts Hip-Fracture Risk - Doctor's Guide, 1/18/01
• Bone Up on Osteoporosis - Nutrition Science News, 11/00
• Calcium Less Available from Soy Milk - Nutrition Science News, 10/00
• Supplemental Calcium Can Limit Early On-Set Of Osteoporosis In Children With Asthma - Doctor's Guide, 10/16/00
• Bone Up on Calcium Supplements, What Are Their Benefits and Risks? - WebMD, 9/19/00
• Soy Isoflavones Reduce Bone Loss In Perimenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 9/1/00
• Good Nutrition Important for Prevention of Osteoporosis - WebMD, 5/19/00
• There's Something to Be Said for Having 'Tea Bones' - WebMD, 4/14/00
• Researchers Suggest Daily Tea May Fortify Bones Of Elderly Women - Intelihealth, 4/7/00
• Hearts & Bones: Calcium's Many Applications - Nutrition Science News, 2/00
• The Replacements - Nutrition Science News, 8/99
• Postmenopausal Bone Loss Prevented With Low Dose HRT Plus Calcium - Doctor's Guide, 6/2/99
• Osteoporosis: You can prevent it - CNN, 6/2/99
• Can ipriflavone prevent osteoporosis? - Nutrition Science News, 5/99
• Anti-dairy group opens campaign attacking benefits of milk - CNN, 3/1/99
• Calcium supplementation prevents seasonal bone loss and changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover in elderly New England women: a randomized placebo-controlled trial - J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998 Nov;83(11):3817-25
• Weight training, calcium, hormones the key to fighting osteoporosis - CNN, 11/6/98
• Low Dietary Calcium, Low Vitamin C Linked To Increased Risk Of Gum Disease - Doctor's Guide, 6/29/98
• Female Teens Need Calcium During Window Of Opportunity - Doctor's Guide, 9/5/97
• Report: Americans need more calcium - CNN, 8/13/97

Other News:

• Sarcopenia: an unsolved problem after hip fracture - J Bone Miner Metab 2022 May 31 - "After hip fracture, osteoporosis seemed to be well managed and the prevalence of osteoporosis did not increase. However, SMI decreased and the prevalence of sarcopenia increased. More active measures are warranted to prevent sarcopenia in elderly hip fracture patients"
• Study finds women with osteoporosis and low bone density are at increased risk of hearing loss - Science Daily, 5/24/21 - "researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital analyzed data from nearly 144,000 women who were followed for up to 34 years. They found that risk of subsequent moderate or worse hearing loss was up to 40 percent higher in study participants with osteoporosis or LB"
• Testosterone Therapy Effects on Bone Mass and Turnover in Hypogonadal Men with Type 2 Diabetes - J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Mar 18 - "Male hypogonadism is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fragility fracture risk. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have relatively higher BMD, but greater fracture risk ... Testosterone therapy results in greater improvements in the skeletal health of hypogonadal men with T2D than their non-diabetic counterparts"
• The use of metformin, insulin, sulphonylureas, and thiazolidinediones and the risk of fracture: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies - Obes Rev. 2019 Jun 28 - "A random effects model was used to estimate the summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The use of insulin (RR 1.49, 95% CI 1.29, 1.73; n = 23 studies), sulphonylureas (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.18, 1.43; n = 10), and thiazolidinediones (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.13, 1.35; n = 14) was associated with an increased risk of fracture, whereas the use of metformin was associated with a reduced risk of fracture (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75, 0.99; n = 12). Regarding types of thiazolidinediones, both pioglitazone (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.23, 1.54; n = 5) and rosiglitazone (RR 1.34, 95% CI 1.14, 1.58; n = 5) were positively associated with the risk of fracture"
• Osteoporosis drugs may make bones weaker - BBC, 3/1/17 - "the drugs were linked to microscopic cracks, making bones more fragile and prone to break"
• Increased risk of dementia in patients with osteoporosis: a population-based retrospective cohort analysis - Age (Dordr). 2013 Dec 18 - "Using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database ... After adjustment for potential risk factors, the osteoporosis patients exhibited 1.46-fold and 1.39-fold higher risk of dementia (95 % CI = 1.37-1.56) and Alzheimer's disease (95 % CI = 0.95-2.02), respectively, compared with the matched nonosteoporosis patients"
• Insulin resistance and bone strength. Findings from the study of midlife in the United States - J Bone Miner Res. 2013 Aug 26 - "717 participants in the Biomarker Project of the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS II) ... higher levels of fasting insulin (but not of glucose) were independently associated with lower bone strength" - See my insulin and aging page.
• Oral Bisphosphonates and the Risk of Esophageal Cancer - Medscape, 10/9/12 - "Seven studies, with 19 700 oesophageal cancer cases, met our inclusion criteria. We found a positive relationship between exposure to bisphosphonates and oesophageal cancer, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.74 with a 95% CI of 1.19–2.55. Heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 85%, P < 0.001). Publication bias was not present. An increased risk of oesophageal cancer was also found in the group exposed to bisphosphonates for a longer period of time, compared with the group who experienced a shorter period of exposure (OR 2.32; 95% CI 1.57–3.43 vs. OR 1.35; 95% CI 0.77–2.39). An increased risk was associated with exposure to Etidronate (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.12–2.24), but not to Aledronate"
• Facial Wrinkles Linked to Lower Bone Density - WebMD, 6/7/11 - "Researchers measured the number and depth of facial wrinkles and the skin firmness of 114 women who were within three years of their last menstrual period ... Women who had worse wrinkles also had lesser bone density ... Pal thinks the connection may be a protein called type 1 collagen, a building block of skin and bone tissue, which is lost with age. It is thought that this loss may be accelerated during menopause, when hormone levels drop ... The strongest association of the facial wrinkles with the bone was between the eyebrows ... When we looked at the effects of sun exposure on skin, we did not see that women who had more sun exposure had worse skin wrinkles"
• Higher bone mineral density is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal adenomas - Int J Cancer. 2010 Oct 14 - "patients in the highest tertile of total body BMD (>1.294 g/cm(2)) and in the middle tertile (≥1.167 to ≤1.294 g/cm(2)) compared to those with a total body BMD in the lowest tertile (<1.167 g/cm(2)) had a lower risk of colorectal adenomas (highest vs. lowest tertile: OR=0.29 (0.10-0.84); middle vs. lowest tertile: OR=0.26 (0.08-0.80); p-trend=0.02)"
• Long term use of oral bisphosphonates may double risk of esophageal cancer, study finds - Science Daily, 9/2/10 - "Typically, oesophageal cancer develops in one per 1000 people at age 60-79 over five years. Based on their findings, the authors estimate that with five years' use of oral bisphosphonates this would increase to two cases per 1000 people taking bisphosphonates over five years"
• High-protein diets may cause bone loss in older women, study - Nutra USA, 7/8/10 - "Study 1 ... on average, all women lost around 19 pounds, but those who ate the higher-protein, meat-containing diet also lost bone mineral density by about 1.4 percent ... Study 2 ... All women lost weight, but the groups that consumed the higher-protein meat-containing diets again also lost bone mineral density by up to 1.4 percent compared to the control group ... In the first study, all the participants con&shy;sumed calcium supplements to achieve calcium intakes of 2,000mg per day. In the second study, about half of the participants con&shy;sumed calcium supplements ... However, in neither case were the supplements found to impact the loss of bone density"
• Many Psychotropic Medications May Be Bad for Bones - Medscape, 5/27/10 - "osteoporosis was found to be associated with the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), mood stabilizers other than lithium, and benzodiazepines. Use of tricyclic antidepressants was protective"
• Diabetes Weakens Your Bones - Science Daily, 9/28/09 - "They observed increased levels of inflammatory molecules, including TNF-α during fracture healing. The diabetic animals had rapid loss of cartilage in the healing bones, which was due to increased numbers of osteoclasts, cells that remove bone and cartilage. Factors that stimulate osteoclast formation were regulated by both TNF-α and a downstream mediator, FOXO1. These results suggest that diabetes-mediated increases in TNF-α and FOXO1 may underlie the impaired healing of diabetic fractures"
• Sex Hormones Associated With Broken Bones In Older Men - Science Daily, 8/3/09 - "Low levels of estradiol or high levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) are associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture in older men"
• Popular Class Of Diabetes Drugs Doubles Risk Of Fractures In Women - Science Daily, 12/10/08 - "We knew going into this study that there was an association between thiazolidinediones and fracture risk ... these agents double the risk of fractures in women with type 2 diabetes"
• Adiponectin Is A Metabolic Link Between Obesity And Bone Mineral Density - Science Daily, 11/25/08 - "adiponectin, a protein secreted from adipocytes, is a metabolic link that can explain, in part, the known positive relationship between obesity and both bone mineral density and reduced susceptibility to fractures ... In summary, elevated circulating adiponectin was associated with lower bone mass and weaker bones in growing mice compared to control animals" - See my adiponectin page for ways to increase it. - Ben
• Angiotensin II type 2 receptor blockade increases bone mass - J Biol Chem. 2008 Nov 11 - "Treatment with AT2 receptor blocker significantly enhanced the levels of bone mass and this effect was based on the enhancement of osteoblastic activity as well as the suppression of osteoclastic activity in vivo" - That might be another good reason for telmisartan as a first line treatment for hypertension.  See telmisartan at OffshoreRx1.com.
• Too Much Body Fat Bad for Bones? - WebMD, 10/31/08 - "postmenopausal women with a higher proportion of body fat tend to have lower bone mineral content"
• Guidelines for Osteoporosis Treatment - WebMD, 9/15/08
• New Test for Osteoporosis Fracture Risk - WebMD, 6/24/08
• Testosterone Replacement Theraphy Beneficial In Men 60 And Older, Study Suggests - Science Daily, 4/7/08 - "These preliminary data show beneficial effects of testosterone therapy on bone turnover markers in older men with low-to-normal testosterone concentrations using both continuous and monthly cycled testosterone replacement"
• Low Testosterone Levels Associated With Risk Of Fracture In Men Over 60 - Science Daily, 1/14/08 - "Although low levels of estradiol and testosterone were associated with a higher risk of fracture in men over 60, only the effect of testosterone was independent of other risk factors, the authors conclude"
• Chocolate consumption and bone density in older women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jan;87(1):175-80 - "Higher frequency of chocolate consumption was linearly related to lower bone density and strength (P < 0.05). Daily (>/=1 times/d) consumption of chocolate, in comparison to <1 time/wk, was associated with a 3.1% lower whole-body bone density; with similarly lower bone density of the total hip, femoral neck, tibia, and heel; and with lower bone strength in the tibia and the heel"
• Many Osteoporosis Medications Prevent Fractures, but None Is Proven Best - Doctor's Guide, 12/18/07
• Depression Associated With Low Bone Mineral Density - Medscape, 12/3/07 - "The novelty of this study is the fact that these women were not severely depressed ... Depression is considered a disease of chronic stress, Dr. Cizza said, with attendant increases in the stress hormone cortisol, and cytokines produced by the immune system. "Those substances are helpful to fight stress, but if there is too much cortisol or cytokines, there are side effects," he said. "One of the side effects is bone loss, so it was obvious to ask the question, 'do women with depression have low bone mass?'""
• New Diabetes Drugs Bad for Bones - WebMD, 12/3/07 - "The diabetes drug Avandia promotes osteoporosis not only by slowing bone growth but also by speeding up bone loss. Actos, the only other drug in the same class, likely does this as well"
• Depression Linked To Bone-thinning In Premenopausal Women - Science Daily, 11/26/07 - "The researchers found that 17 percent of the depressed women had thinner bone in a vulnerable part of the hip called the femoral neck, compared with 2 percent of those who were not depressed"
• Just Being Naturally Thin May Raise Risk of Osteoporosis in Women - Doctor's Guide, 11/8/07
• The association of sex hormone levels with quantitative ultrasound, bone mineral density, bone turnover and osteoporotic fractures in older men and women - Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007 Jun 6 - "oestradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) ... Low levels of bioE2 and bioT were found to be associated with high bone turnover, low QUS and BMD and high risk of osteoporotic fractures in both men and women"
• Antidepressant Use May Boost Fracture Risk - Science Daily, 5/29/07 - "people ages 50 and over who regularly took antidepressants called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) had double the rate of fractures as people not using such medications"
• Once-a-year Drug Reduces Fractures From Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 5/4/07
• Relation of Cortisol Levels and Bone Mineral Density Among Premenopausal Women With Major Depression - Medscape, 5/4/07 - "a lower BMD and increased bone resorption were found in women with mild depression. Major depression had important effects on BMD and bone turnover markers. Depression should be considered among risk factors for osteoporosis in premenopausal women, therefore it may be useful to assess BMD values of MDD patients, and to treat them in cases of lower BMD values"
• Men Warned Of Osteoporosis Problems - Science Daily, 1/31/07 - "Statistically, one in three men die following a fracture, compared to one in five women, possibly because of underlying health problems such as heart disease which make it difficult for them to cope with a fracture that could involve hip surgery, prolonged bed rest and rehabilitation"
• Study Says Depression May Weaken Bones - WebMD, 10/30/06 - "After four weeks, the depressed mice had lost bone density, the study shows. The problem: They had a drop in bone-building cells called osteoblasts ... When the depressed mice drank water laced with imipramine, their depression eased and their bone loss stopped"
• Study Links Cola to Bone Loss in Women - WebMD, 10/6/06 - "drinking cola soft drinks on a regular basis was associated with lower bone mineral density in the hip"
• Low Bone Density May Predict Cognitive Impairment - Doctor's Guide, 5/5/06 - "Low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women may be associated with cognitive impairment, and estrogen metabolism may be the cause"
• Elderly Men Who Fall Should Be Screened for Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 5/5/06
• Low Estrogen May Up Men’s Hip Fracture - WebMD, 5/3/06
• Lack of Estrogen Linked to Hip Fractures in Men - Intelihealth, 5/1/06 - "men who have lost bone mass should take calcium and vitamin D supplements to help reverse bone loss and reduce the risk of hip fractures ... This is an interesting paper and tends to confirm that among men, estradiol (estrogen) levels may be more important to bone strength than is testosterone"
• FDA Approves Once-a-Week Osteoporosis Hormone Therapy Patch Climara Pro (Estradiol/Levonorgestrel) - Doctor's Guide, 1/4/06 - "the FDA has approved the hormone therapy patch, Climara Pro® (estradiol/levonorgestrel transdermal system), for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis"
• Women Over 50 Likely to Have Both Low Bone Mineral Density and Elevated Cholesterol - Doctor's Guide, 10/4/05 - "17.3 million (43%) of women over 50 years had osteopenia, and 4.8 million (12%) had osteoporosis, while 18.2 million (45%) had normal BMD"
• Treating Osteoporosis: What Works Best? - WebMD, 8/10/05 - "Treatment with parathyroid hormone increases bone density. But women who took parathyroid hormone for a year progressively lost bone density afterward unless they took Fosamax"
• What's Best for Bones? - Dr. Weil, 5/13/05
• Bone Fracture Rates Significantly Reduced Over Just Two Years in Patients Who Consistently Stayed on Bisphosphonate Therapy for Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 4/7/05 - "We found that women with postmenopausal osteoporosis who faithfully continued to take their prescribed bisphosphonate medication reduced their risk for fractures substantially more - about 25% - than women who did not"
• Newer Antiepileptics May Increase Risk of Osteoporosis - Clinical Psychiatry News, 4/05
• Few Patients Exposed to High-Dose Corticosteroids Receive Osteoporosis Education - Doctor's Guide, 3/28/05
• More Osteoporosis Seen With Raw Foods Diet - WebMD, 3/28/05
• Osteoporosis and Bone Health - Physician's Weekly, 3/21/05 - "half of all Americans older than 50 will be at risk for fractures from osteoporosis and low bone mass by 2020 if no immediate actions are taken ... Calcium and vitamin D intakes are far below recommended levels for all ages, sexes, and races in the United States"
• Dental X-Rays Could Be First Step in Osteoporosis Screening - Doctor's Guide, 12/1/04
• Osteoporosis Drugs May Prevent Knee Arthritis - WebMD, 11/4/04
• Four Osteoporosis Drugs Show No Difference in Impact on Endothelial Function - Doctor's Guide, 10/11/04
• Ultra-Low Dose Estradiol Good for Bone Health, and Appears to Have No Impact on Endometrium - Doctor's Guide, 10/11/04 - "14 mcg of estradiol patch ... By the end of 2 years, there was a 2.6% increase in bone mineral density of the lumbar spine over baseline, and a 0.4% increase in BMD at the hip. By comparison in the placebo group, the increase in BMD of the spine was 0.6% and there was a loss in BMD at the hip of 0.8% ... These ultra-low doses of estradiol should be sufficient to preserve bone health in women over the age of 60 years"
• Declining Estradiol Levels More Predictive of Fracture Risk Than Low Testosterone in Aging Men - Doctor's Guide, 10/8/04 - "While low levels of free testosterone are a predictor of hip-bone loss, declines in estradiol levels play a stronger role than testosterone"
• Exercise More Critical Than Calcium For Adolescent Bones - Doctor's Guide, 6/9/04 - "Exercise is more influential than calcium intake in determining bone strength in young women ... attaining optimal bone mass and bone strength in adolescence may offer the best protection possible against osteoporosis - bone loss in post-menopausal women and the elderly"
• New Fracture Risk: High Homocysteine - WebMD, 5/12/04
• Postmenopausal Women Show Significantly Reduced Incident Fracture Risk While on Hormone Therapy - Doctor's Guide, 5/12/04 - "We found a significantly reduced risk of fracture a year or so after women had started using hormone therapy, with the risk decreasing further with increasing duration of use"
• Ultra-Low Dose Estrogen Patch Helps Bones - WebMD, 5/4/04
• Ultra-Low-Dose Estradiol Patch Stops Bone Turnover, Increases Bone Density - Medscape, 5/4/04 - "The patch dose is "roughly one fourth of the standard 0.625-mg dose usually prescribed for menopause symptoms ... That minimal increase translated into a "3% increase in BMD at the spine compared to placebo and a 1.5% increase at the hip compared to placebo ... All women received 800 mg calcium and 400 IU vitamin D daily"
• Peak Bone Mass, Size Appear Almost Fully Attained by Late Adolescence - Doctor's Guide, 4/6/04
• Few Treated for Osteoporosis; Many at Risk - WebMD, 3/26/04 - "Researchers say recent advances in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis not only slow the bone-thinning disease, but they can also help rebuild your bones ... The problem is, only a fraction of those at risk for the disease are ever screened for osteoporosis"
• Inhaled Steroids: More Evidence of Bone Loss - WebMD, 3/26/04
• Inverse Relationship Observed Between Statin Treatment and Risk of Hip Fracture - Doctor's Guide, 3/12/04 - "The risk of hip fracture decreased as the number of statin prescriptions increased ... 0.72 ... for subjects who redeemed more than 3 statin prescriptions"
• Statins May Help Prevent Bone Fractures - WebMD, 1/26/04 - "statin users had a 38%-81% lower risk of hip bone fractures and a 5%-51% lower risk of nonspinal fractures ... statin use was associated with a 57% reduction in the number of hip fractures reported and a 31% reduction in nonspinal fractures"
• Human Parathyroid Hormone Appears Effective, Safe in Increasing Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 11/20/03
• Is Low Bone Mass in Men an Underdiagnosed Disease State? - Doctor's Guide, 10/31/03 - "The leading three risk factors from the questionnaire for predicting bone loss were history of smoking, no calcium supplementation, and difficulty maintaining an erection ... 62.5% showed evidence of either osteopenia (> -1.0 SD of bone mass density [BMD]) or osteoporosis"
• More Awareness of Guidelines to Prevent Corticosteroid-Induced Osteoporosis - Medscape, 10/27/03
• Few Get Osteoporosis Drugs After Falls - WebMD, 10/2/03 - "only 22% of elderly men and women who had a major bone fracture filled a prescription for an osteoporosis drug within six months after their injury ... that's despite the fact that people who have suffered one fracture from osteoporosis are up to five times more likely so suffer another one, and use of osteoporosis drugs can reduce that risk of by as much as 60%"
• Statins Used to Treat High Cholesterol and Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 9/30/03 - "simvastatin acts as a double therapeutic weapon by blocking the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Not only does this action increase new bone formation via the stimulation of osteoblasts, but it also prevents the production of cholesterol"
• Men Present With More Severe Osteoporosis Than Women - Medscape, 9/25/03
• Most Postmenopausal Women With Fractures Not Prescribed Osteoporosis Medications - Doctor's Guide, 9/26/03
• Postmenopausal Women with Fracture are Under-Treated - Doctor's Guide, 9/24/03 - "The majority of postmenopausal women with low trauma fracture are not being treated with osteoporosis medications"
• Regular Cola Consumption Linked to Lower Bone Density in Women - Medscape, 9/22/03 - "Among the female subjects, regular cola drinkers had decreased BMD compared with the infrequent drinkers. BMD was 2.3% lower in the trochanter, 3.3% lower in the femoral neck, and 5.1% lower in Ward's area ... When phosphoric acid comes packaged with other nutrients, it's absorbed normally and everything is in balance. We think the problem with cola is that you're getting those doses of phosphoric acid without any calcium. It's not balanced, and that extra phosphorus binds with calcium and prevents it from being absorbed"
• Cessation of Hormone Replacement Results in Rapid Increase in Bone Turnover, Bone Loss - Doctor's Guide, 9/2/03 - "HRT withdrawal was followed by significant bone loss, with an annual rate ranging from -0.7 to -1.6% ... These findings have important implications for women who are given HRT for preventing the risk of osteoporosis"
• Peak Bone Mineral Density Has Greatest Influence on Onset of Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 8/27/03
• Low-Dose Oestrogen Increased Bone Density in Older Women Without Increasing Oestrogen-Associated Adverse Effects - Doctor's Guide, 8/26/03 - "They randomised 167 women, older than 65 years of age, to receive either 0.25 mg/day micronized 17beta-estradiol or placebo for 3 years ... patients treated with low-dose estradiol showed bone mineral density increases of 2.6% at the femoral neck, 3.6% of the total hip, 2.8% at the spine, and 1.2% in total body measurements. Similar bone mineral density changes were seen between those who received and did not receive progesterone"
• Male Master Cyclists at Potential High-Risk for Developing Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 7/24/03 - "Of the master cyclists, 15% met the World Health Organisation's criteria for having osteoporosis and 52% for having osteopaenia at either the spine or hip or both. This compares to 0% of the non-athletes who met the criteria for osteoporosis and 42% who met the criteria for osteopaenia ... The authors recommend that cyclists supplement their training with weight-bearing exercise, receive periodic BMD screening, and include adequate levels of dietary calcium and vitamin D" - See OS-Cal Plus at drugstore.com.
• Osteoporosis Linked to Joint Destruction in Postmenopausal Rheumatoid Arthritis - Doctor's Guide, 7/21/03 - "Up to 56% of postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are not treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) or bisphosphonates develop osteoporosis"
• Low Bone Mineral Density Is Associated With Future Dementia - Clinical Psychiatry News, 7/03
• Menopausal Estrogen-Related Bone Loss Much Greater than Age-Related Bone Loss - Doctor's Guide, 6/25/03 - "In middle-aged women, age-related bone loss has a minor impact on the metabolic activity of bone compared to the impact of estrogen loss that accompanies menopause, which affects metabolic activity and bone density to a larger degree"
• Too Much or Too Little Vitamin A Raises Hip-Fracture Risk in Post-Menopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 6/24/03 - "the highest and lowest quintiles were at twice the risk of hip fracture compared to the middle quintile ... without knowing the vitamin A status of an individual, eliminating vitamin A supplements could actually increase the number of vitamin A-deficient individuals, which would put them at risk not only of hip fractures, but also for other health risks associated with low vitamin A"
• Children on Frequent Oral Corticosteroids Should Maintain a Lifestyle that Wards Off Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 6/20/03
• Ulnohumeral Arthroplasty Improves Pain and Function in Elbow Osteoarthritis - Doctor's Guide, 5/26/03
• Anti-hip Fracture Efficacy Lost with Estrogen Cessation - Doctor's Guide, 4/29/03 - "We found a statistically significant correlation between ending estrogen and increased risk of hip fracture ... Among this sub-group, the current users showed a statistically significant reduced tendency toward hip fracture over never-users (0.10% of 67,973 vs. 0.28% of 53,737"
• Stronium Ranelate Potential New Option for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 4/28/03
• Simvastatin Enhances Bone Formation And Augments Bone Mineral Density - Doctor's Guide, 4/24/03 - "After a year's treatment with simvastatin the increases in bone mineral density at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and femur were 2.8, 1.0 and 0.8% respectively. In contrast, lumbar spine, femoral neck and femur bone mineral density declined by 1.6, 1.4, and 1.2% in the control group" - Note: Red yeast rice is a non-prescription statin but you should still check with your physician.  See iHerb red yeast rice products.
• Boosting Bone Mineral Density Without Hormones - WebMD, 3/25/03 - "experts urge women who discontinued their hormones to get a bone mineral density test and discuss new treatments for osteoporosis with their doctor ... The statistics are staggering. One in two postmenopausal women has osteoporosis, 25% will sufferer a spine fracture, and 15% will sustain a hip fracture as a result ... Depending on the results of the test, your doctor can prescribe one of several drugs including Fosamax, Actonel, Evista, the nasal spray Miacalcin, and the newest drug on the block, Forteo, an injectable form of human parathyroid hormone"
• Growth Hormone Increase Bone Content In Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 3/12/03 - "80 osteoporotic postmenopausal women, aged between 50 and 70, who were using oestrogen therapy (HRT), were randomised to receive either recombinant human growth hormone (GH), 1.0 U or 2.5 U/day, subcutaneous, or placebo. Calcium (750 mg) and vitamin D (400 U) were given to all patients as well ... At 3 years, when GH was discontinued, total body and femoral neck bone mineral content had increased in both GH-treated groups, and differences were not significant ... At the fourth year of follow-up, total body boner mineral content had increased 5% and lumbar spine bone mineral content increased 14% among women who received GH 2.5 U, and compared with placebo. Femoral neck bone mineral density increased 5% and bone mineral content 13% for women taking GH 2.5 U compared with those taking GH 1.0 U"
• Parathyroid Hormone [hPTH] May Increase Vertebral Bone Strength In Some Postmenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 2/14/03
• PTHrP Leads To Significant Increase In Bone Mineral Density - Doctor's Guide, 2/5/03
• Long-Distance Runners Risk Bone Loss - WebMD, 1/27/03
• News - Inhaled Corticosteroids Do Not Affect Bone Density - Doctor's Guide, 1/24/03
• Daily Clodronate Prevents Early Postmenopausal Bone Loss - Doctor's Guide, 1/8/03
• Oral Contraceptive Use May Preserve Bone Density in Some Women - Doctor's Guide, 12/24/02
• Bone Loss Accelerated After Solo Estrogen Withdrawal For Some Postmenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 12/10/02 - "An acceleration of bone loss is seen after withdrawal of oestrogen therapy but not after withdrawal of alendronate alone or combination therapy with oestrogen"
• Several Bone Metabolism Factors Affect Hip Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 12/5/02
• Micro-CT Scans Provide 3-D Proof of Estrogen's Bone Benefit - Medscape, 12/3/02 - "A three-dimensional glimpse of bone micro-architecture suggests that estrogen replacement is an effective treatment for osteoporosis because it "protects and retains bone structure, rather than laying down new bone,""
• Bone Loss in Men with Steroid Induced Osteoporosis May Be Due to Low Oesetradiol Levels - Doctor's Guide, 11/18/02
• Men With Hip Fracture Seldom Osteoporosis Therapy - Doctor's Guide, 11/13/02
• Light Exercise Won't Make Bones Strong - WebMD, 11/1/02 - "The fittest people were at just the same risk for brittle bones as those who gasped for breath after a short time on the treadmill"
• Osteoporosis Not Just for Women - WebMD, 10/28/02
• Fracture Treatment Differs - Intelihealth, 10/28/02 - "Thirty-two percent of the men died within a year of their fractures. Many deaths were likely from ailments linked to the weakened condition of being immobilized by the fractures, which may have been preventable with treatment for osteoporosis or underlying conditions that can cause it ... In men, low testosterone levels, alcoholism and excessive use of steroid medicines can cause low bone density and can often be treated"
• Hormone Therapy Plus Alendronate Better for Bone Density than Hormone Therapy Alone - Doctor's Guide, 10/8/02
• Testosterone supplementation provides additional BMD gains in hypogonadal men following cardiac transplantation - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "hypogonadal men who received additional testosterone supplementation showed the largest increases in BMD [bone mineral density]"
• Height Loss Good Index for Ruling Fracture Risk Out in General Practice Setting - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02
• Secondary Causes of Osteoporosis Higher in Fracture Patients - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "The most common cause of secondary osteoporosis is corticosteroid excess, whereas others include malignancy, gastric surgery, alcoholism, and anticonvulsant therapy use. Prior studies have shown that as many as 30 percent of postmenopausal women exposed to corticosteroids demonstrate causes of secondary osteoporosis"
• Bisphosphonates Safe in Renally Impaired Osteoporosis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02
• Osteoporosis Under-Recognized at Time of Admission to Nursing Home - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "New data confirm that few patients in nursing homes are on osteoporosis-related treatments despite the known high prevalence of osteoporosis in this population"
• Low Bone Mineral Density Common in Elderly Black Women - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "New findings document that 60 percent of elderly African-American women have a low bone mineral density (BMD)"
• Primary Care Residents Don't Screen for Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "Primary care residents assess women who are at risk for postmenopausal osteoporosis at a rate far below that for other common health conditions ... She also pointed out that the results are regrettable since osteoporosis is a prevalent chronic health problem with associated morbidity and mortality outcomes on a par with other chronic illnesses such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes. Also, the disease is preventable"
• Secondary Causes of Osteoporosis Higher in Fracture Patients - Doctor's Guide, 9/23/02 - "The most common cause of secondary osteoporosis is corticosteroid excess, whereas others include malignancy, gastric surgery, alcoholism, and anticonvulsant therapy use. Prior studies have shown that as many as 30 percent of postmenopausal women exposed to corticosteroids demonstrate causes of secondary osteoporosis"
• Low-Carbohydrate, High-Protein Diets Increase Risk Of Kidney Stones And May Raise Bone Loss Risk - Doctor's Guide, 8/1/02 - "acid excretion - a marker for the acid load in the blood - increased as much as 90 percent while subjects were on diets that severely restricted carbohydrates. Levels of urinary citrate, which inhibits kidney stones, fell by almost 25 percent in the group during the six-week study ... People may lose weight on this diet, but this study shows that this is not a healthy way to lose weight ... there was an increased risk of developing kidney stones and a possible increase in the risk of bone loss"
• Relation of Statin Use and Bone Loss: A Prospective Population-Based Cohort Study in Early Postmenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 7/15/02
• Osteoporosis in Elderly Men Underestimated - Doctor's Guide, 6/24/02 - "As many as 30 percent of men over 65 years old may have osteoporosis ... The serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), although normal, was slightly lower in men with osteoporosis, an average of 1.57+/-0.74 in comparison to an average of 2.34+/-1.93 in men with no osteoporosis ... Because both groups of men have low-normal 25-OH vitamin D, and low urinary calcium, the investigators suggest that patients in their situation, could benefit from enhancing their nutritional status"
• Epilepsy Drugs Are Risk Factors For Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 6/20/02 - "Epilepsy and its therapies - older or modern - are both risk factors for low bone density, irrespective of vitamin D levels"
• Daily Oral Pamidronate Effective, Safe In Established Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 6/17/02
• Triple Combination Incorporating Hormone Replacement May Protect Against Osteoporotic Fractures - Doctor's Guide, 6/7/02
• Irregular Periods In Young Women Could Be Warning Sign For Later Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 5/29/02 - "Irregular menstrual periods in young women may be a warning sign of a hormonal shortage that could lead to osteoporosis"
• Effect of Lower Doses of Conjugated Equine Estrogens With and Without Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Bone in Early Postmenopausal Women - JAMA. 2002 May 22-29;287(20):2668-76
• Vivelle-Dot (Estradiol Transdermal System) Now Approved In New, Low Dose For Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Prevention - Doctor's Guide, 5/21/02 - "Vivelle-Dot is now approved in the 0.025 mg/day dosage strength, providing among the lowest effective ERT dosage strengths available in the U.S. for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis"
• Nandrolone Decanoate Increases Bone Mineral Density in Elderly Patients with Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 5/15/02
• Strontium Ranelate Reduces Vertebral Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 5/15/02
• Teriparatide (Parathyroid Hormone) Increases Vertebral Bone Mineral Density in Men Irrespective of Osteoporosis Secondary Cause Factors - Doctor's Guide, 5/15/02
• Strontium Ranelate Reduces Vertebral Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 5/14/02
• Intermittent Oral Ibandronate Reduces Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women - Doctor's Guide, 5/14/02
• Reduction in Bone Turnover Markers Convenient, Practical Way to Monitor Osteoporosis Therapy - Doctor's Guide, 5/14/02
• FDA Approves New Indication, Strength of Alora (Estradiol Transdermal System) for Prevention of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 4/9/02 - "These approvals add a new indication, prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and a new strength, 0.025mg/day, to the Alora label"
• Protein [Runx or core binding factor A] May Help Bone Growth - Intelihealth, 4/8/02
• Investigation Of Bone Loss After Discontinuation Of Hormone Replacement - Doctor's Guide, 4/5/02
• Bone Mass Response to Discontinuation of Long-term Hormone Replacement Therapy: Results From the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Safety Follow-up Study - Arch Intern Med. 2002 Mar 25;162(6):665-72 - "Rates of BMD loss among women who stopped HRT during or after the PEPI-RCT [Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions randomized controlled trial] did not differ significantly from those of women who did not undergo HRT, who lost bone at a rate of approximately 1% yearly during the first year of the PEPI-RCT and about half that rate afterward. Women who continued HRT after the PEPI-RCT did not show additional BMD gains"
• Bone Loss Resumes at Normal Rate When Hormone Replacement Therapy is Stopped - Doctor's Guide, 3/25/02
• Risk of Fracture Reduced in Women Using Statins - Doctor's Guide, 3/19/02 - "Fracture risk is reduced by 60 percent in women using 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) ... This substantial risk reduction is greater than might be anticipated from increases in bone mineral density (BMD) alone"
• Estradiol Via Matrix Patch Reverses Bone Loss - Doctor's Guide, 3/12/02 - "Transdermal estradiol delivered by matrix patch reversed bone loss in hysterectomized, post-menopausal women and produced few side effects"
• Statin Use, Bone Mineral Density, and Fracture Risk: Geelong Osteoporosis Study - Arch Intern Med. 2002 Mar 11;162(5):537-40 - "The substantial 60% reduction in fracture risk associated with statin use is greater than would be expected from increases in BMD alone"
• Simvastin Has No Effect On Bone Formation or Resorption in Osteopenia - Doctor's Guide, 3/8/02
• Preventing Bone Loss, on a Yearly Basis - WebMD, 2/27/02
• Calcitonin Boosts Trace Minerals In Postmenopausal Osteoporotics - Doctor's Guide, 2/5/02
• Osteocalcin Tied To Bone Loss, Fracture In Elderly - Doctor's Guide, 2/5/02
• Fluoride Aids Bone Health - HealthandAge, 1/11/02
• Bisphosphonates And Hormone Replacement Preferred For Osteoporosis Prevention - Doctor's Guide, 12/18/01
• Postmenopausal Bone Loss Studied - Intelihealth, 12/12/01
• Study: Estrogen Therapy Significantly Improves Bone Density In Elderly Women - Intelihealth, 8/15/01
• Estrogen Increases Bone Mass in Women Over 75 -  WebMD, 8/14/01
• New Guidelines Recommend Bisphosphonates For Prevention, Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 7/19/01
• Increased Bone Density Following Two Years Of Growth Hormone Treatment In Men With Idiopathic Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 6/24/01
• Growth Hormone, Alendronate And Tissue-Selective Estrogen All Effective In Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 6/21/01
• Weekly Fosamax (Alendronate) Shows Equivalent Increases In Bone Density as Daily Regimen - Doctor's Guide, 6/20/01
• Once-Weekly Fosamax Effective For Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 6/17/01
• Early Hormone-Replacement Therapy Helps Prevent Osteoporotic Fractures - Doctor's Guide, 6/14/01
• Estrogen's Benefit on Bone Questioned - WebMD, 6/12/01 - "If you're over age 60, it would seem that the evidence isn't as strong that it works. ... You might be better to consider an alternative medication where there is better evidence of effectiveness ... Those alternatives include drugs that have been proven effective for preventing and treating osteoporosis such as Evista, Fosamax, Actonel, and the hormone calcitonin"
• Fewer Gastric Ulcers With Risedronate Compared To Alendronate - Doctor's Guide, 5/25/01
• Promising New Osteoporosis Treatment Boosts Bone Growth - Intelihealth, 5/16/01 - "Injections of parathyroid hormone increase bone density and reduce the risk of fractures in the neck and spine, offering a potential new treatment for many cases of osteoporosis"
• Natural Hormone Helps Osteoporosis - Intelihealth, 5/10/01 - "A natural bone-building hormone appears to be the most effective treatment ever for osteoporosis ... The manufacturer hopes the medicine, called Forteo (for-TAY-oh), will be available by prescription by the end of the year ... drug is based on the parathyroid hormone, which is ordinarily secreted by tiny glands in the neck. When given to volunteers with osteoporosis, it doubles their normal rate of bone formation"
• It's Never Too Late to Treat Osteoporosis, Even Advanced Disease Benefits From Therapy - WebMD, 5/3/01
• New Guidelines Aim To Improve Osteoporosis Awareness Among Women And Physicians - Doctor's Guide, 5/1/01
• Childhood Cancer Survivors at Greater Risk for Osteoporosis - Doctor's Guide, 4/30/01
• Osteoporosis Supplement Doesn't Prevent Bone Loss In Study - Intelihealth, 3/20/01 - "ipriflavone, a synthetic form of an estrogen-like substance found in plants such as soybeans ... ipriflavone supplements had no effect on preserving bone density. But women who took the supplements, in standard doses of 600 milligrams daily, were more likely than those on dummy pills to develop a reduction in disease-fighting white blood cells called lymphocytes ...  The women remained otherwise healthy, but low lymphocyte counts are a symptom of an immune system that is potentially more vulnerable to infection ... The study was funded by Chiesi Pharmaceuticals Inc., an Italian maker of ipriflavone (so it may have been that brand)"
• Ultrasound Takes Osteoporosis by the Heel, New Device Might Replace Bone Scans - WebMD, 2/20/01