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Recent Longevity News for the seven days ending 3/23/11. You should consult your doctor if you are taking any medications. A Molecular Link Between Sleep and Liver Fat - nih.gov, 3/21/11 - "As many as 1 in 4 Americans are estimated to have excess liver fat, which can lead to inflammation and damage that could eventually cause liver failure. Fat production in the liver is known to be affected by circadian rhythms. Past studies have shown that disrupting circadian rhythms in mice causes the animals to develop excess liver fat. They also suffer from obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome ... during the day, when mice are asleep and fasting, HDAC3 and rev-erbα help prevent the liver from producing fat. As predicted, when either protein was removed from the mouse liver, the fat metabolism genes became active regardless of time or activity level. This led to a rapid buildup of fat in the liver ... This may explain in part why altered circadian rhythms in people who do shift work is associated with metabolic disorders" Oral Tongue Cancer Rates Rising in Young White Women - Medscape, 3/21/11 - "among people 18 to 44 years of age, the incidence of oral tongue cancer climbed 28% between 1975 and 2007. Among white people in this age group, the incidence increased 67%. The rising rates were most dramatic for white women, with a jump of 111% ... These trends, note the authors, might be explained by the decreased use of tobacco and the association between the carcinogenic strains of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cancer of the oral cavity ... I would say that if a young white person has complaints of a persistent sore on their tongue, cancer should be moved up higher on the differential, based on our study ... I would say that if a young white person has complaints of a persistent sore on their tongue, cancer should be moved up higher on the differential, based on our study" A dose of safflower oil each day might help keep heart disease at bay - Science Daily, 3/21/11 - "safflower oil reduced abdominal fat and increased muscle tissue in this group of women after 16 weeks of daily supplementation ... Safflower oil contains linoleic acid, which is a PUFA -- a polyunsaturated fatty acid ... For this current research, the scientists performed a secondary analysis of data collected from that clinical trial, applying a powerful statistical analysis to the results and also checking to see how long it took for any effects of the oils to appear in the women's health profiles" - Note: It was in the news so I included it but I'm not buying it. American's already get about 10 to 20 times too much omega-6. So using their theory they should already be healthy. As far as it raising HDL, the Atkin's diet also raised HDL, it doesn't necessarily mean it's a good way to accomplish it. Time lived with obesity linked with mortality - Science Daily, 3/21/11 - "for those who had a medium number of years lived with obesity (between five years and 14.9 years), the risk of mortality more than doubled than for those who had never been obese. The risk of mortality almost tripled for those with the longest duration of obesity (more than 15 years)"
Pterostilbene ‘more potent than resveratrol’ for colon health: Study - Nutra
USA, 3/21/11 - "the chemopreventive effect of
pterostilbene was more potent than
resveratrol and was associated with a decreased inflammation as well as
modulation of the antioxidant signaling pathways in the colons of mice" -
[Abstract] - See
pterostilbene at Amazon.com Mouth Rinse Effective in Reducing Risk for Preterm Birth - Medscape, 3/18/11 - "An over-the-counter mouthwash reduced the risk for preterm birth by more than two thirds in women with periodontal disease ... Only 6.1% of the women using the rinse experienced preterm births, which the researchers defined as birth at less than 35 weeks. In comparison, 21.9% of the untreated group experienced preterm births" - Note: It makes you wonder if the bacteria in your mouth my me just as harmful with increasing diabetes and heart disease. Vitamin A plays key role in the human body, study suggests - Science Daily, 3/17/11 - "Our study found that Vitamin A itself is active for activating nuclear receptor TR4 ... Because TR4 plays roles in sperm cell production, lipid and lipoprotein regulation, the development of the central nervous system, and the regulation of hemoglobin production in the embryo, we can imagine that Vitamin A may play more important roles in human physiology than was previously believed" U.S. Death Rate Hits Record Low - WebMD, 3/16/11 - "The 15 leading causes of death in 2009 and the decreases in associated death rates were reported as follows: ... 1.Heart disease: 3.7% ... 2.Cancer: 1.1% ... 3.Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 4.1% ... 4.Stroke: 4.2% ... 5.Accidents: 4.1% ..." Does selenium prevent cancer? It may depend on which form people take - Science Daily, 3/16/11 - "Hugh Harris and colleagues note that although the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer clinical trial showed that selenium reduced the risk of cancer, a later study called the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial did not show a benefit. A major difference between the trials was the form of selenium that was used. To find out whether different types of selenium have different chemopreventive properties, the researchers studied how two forms -- SeMet and MeSeCys -- are processed in human lung cancer cells ... The researchers found that MeSeCys killed more lung cancer cells than SeMet did. Also, lung cancer cells treated with MeSeCys processed the selenium differently than than cells treated with SeMet"
Selenium deficiency may increase risk of chronic disease: Study - Nutra USA,
3/16/11 - "Since the current [US] RDA (55 micrograms per
day, roughly corresponding to 100 micrograms per liter of plasma
selenium) is based on the sensitivity of Gpx3 in plasma, Sepp1 is expected
to be at suboptimal levels, even in some individuals meeting current selenium
intake recommendations ... Based on these findings, it recently was suggested
that recommended selenium intake levels should be raised from 55 to 75
micrograms per day ... cancer prevention remains one of the major benefits of
selenium, and it is the only mineral that qualifies for a Food and Drug
Administration (FDA)-approved qualified health claim for general cancer
reduction incidence" - [Abstract]
- See
selenium at Amazon.com Antibiotics May Make Fighting Flu Harder - Science News, 3/14/11 - "Iwasaki and her colleagues treated mice for a month with four antibiotics commonly given to people with bacterial infections, then infected the rodents with the flu. Antibiotic treatment impaired the mice’s ability to make an important flu-fighting molecule called interleukin-1 beta or IL-1 beta, the researchers found. IL-1 beta is necessary to combat influenza and other viruses ... Gut bacteria are constantly priming the immune system to make IL-1 beta, keeping the immune system vigilant against the flu and other viruses ... Some Lactobacillus bacteria, on the other hand, are known as “friendly” gut bacteria and may play a role in virus defense. Mice treated with an antibiotic called neomycin, which wipes out most types of Lactobacillus bacteria while leaving Sphingomonas bacteria alone, have a hard time fighting the flu" - Note: It seems to be a common misconception of nearly everyone I know that if you've got a bad case of the flu you need to go to a doctor and get antibiotics when in reality, it probably slows recovery. Abstracts from this week's Doctor's Guide Nutrition/Dietetics plus abstracts from my RSS feeds (Click here for the journals, the PubMed ones at the top):
Pterostilbene ‘more potent than resveratrol’ for colon health: Study - J
Agric Food Chem. 2011 Mar 23;59(6):2725-33 -
"Inflammatory bowel diseases have been a risk factor of
colorectal cancer (CRC). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by
inflammatory cells create oxidative stress and contribute to neoplastic
transformation, proliferation, and even metastasis. Previously, resveratrol (RS)
and pterostilbene (PS) had been reported to
prevent chemical-induced colon carcinogenesis by anti-inflammatory and
pro-apoptotic properties ... Administrations of PS can be more effective than RS
in reducing AOM-induced formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), lymphoid nodules
(LNs), and tumors. We also find that PS is functioning more effectively than RS
to reduce nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation by inhibiting the phosphorylation
of protein kinase C-β2 (PKC-β2) and decreasing downstream target gene
expression, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2
(COX-2), and aldose reductase (AR) in mouse colon stimulated by AOM. Moreover,
administration of RS and PS for 6 weeks significantly enhanced expression of
antioxidant enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione reductase
(GR), via activation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. When the above
findings are taken together, they suggest that both stilbenes block cellular
inflammation and oxidative stress through induction of HO-1 and GR, thereby
preventing AOM-induced colon carcinogenesis. In comparison, PS was a more potent
chemopreventive agent than RS for the prevention of colon cancer. This is also
the first study to demonstrate that PS is a Nrf2 inducer and AR inhibitor in the
AOM-treated colon carcinogenesis model" - See
pterostilbene at Amazon.com Telmisartan Provides Better Renal Protection Than Valsartan in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome - Am J Hypertens. 2011 Mar 17 - "spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) ... SHR were fed either normal (SHR-NF, 7% fat) or high fat (SHR-HF, 36% fat) diet and treated with an ARB for 10 weeks.ResultsBlood pressure was similar between SHR-NF (190 +/- 3 mm Hg) and SHR-HF (192 +/- 4 mm Hg) at the end of the 10 week period. Temisartan and valsartan decreased blood pressure to similar extents in SHR-NF and SHR-HF groups. Body weight was significantly higher in SHR-HF (368 +/- 5 g) compared to SHR-NF (328 +/- 7 g). Telmisartan but not valsartan significantly reduced the body weight gain in SHR-HF. Telmisartan was also more effective than valsartan in improving glycemic and lipid status in SHR-HF. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), an inflammatory marker, was higher in SHR-HF (24 +/- 2 ng/d) compared to SHR-NF (14 +/- 5 ng/d). Telmisartan reduced MCP-1 excretion in both SHR-HF and SHR-NF to a greater extent than valsartan. An indicator of renal injury, urinary albumin excretion increased to 85 +/- 8 mg/d in SHR-HF compared to 54 +/- 9 mg/d in SHR-NF. Telmisartan (23 +/- 5 mg/d) was more effective than valsartan (45 +/- 3 mg/d) in lowering urinary albumin excretion in SHR-HF. Moreover, telmisartan reduced glomerular damage to a greater extent than valsartan in the SHR-HF.ConclusionsCollectively, our data demonstrate that telmisartan was more effective than valsartan in reducing body weight gain, renal inflammation, and renal injury in a rat model of cardiometabolic syndrome"
Curcumin
attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced renal inflammation - Biol Pharm Bull.
2011;34(2):226-32 - "Renal inflammation is the main
pathological change in many acute and chronic
kidney diseases.
Curcumin, a yellow pigment present in the
rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa L. Zingiberaceae), was found to be a
potential anti-inflammatory agent ... The results demonstrated that curcumin
could inhibit LPS-induced renal MCP-1 mRNA expression. Curcumin also
significantly inhibited the expression of MCP-1 and IL-2 mRNA in HK-2 cells, and
partially inhibited the secretion of MCP-1 and IL-8. Furthermore, curcumin was
found to inhibit the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. The present study
demonstrated that curcumin has a protective effect on LPS-induced experimental
renal inflammation, and this effect might be attributed to its inhibitory
effects on MCP-1 mRNA expression and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. Hence,
curcumin might be potentially useful in some kidney diseases by preventing renal
inflammation" - See
curcumin products at Amazon.com Thiazolidenediones induce tumour-cell apoptosis through the Akt-GSK3β pathway - J Clin Pharm Ther. 2011 Mar 16 - "Prostate cancer is a major health threat for men. Thiazolidenediones (TZDs) are synthetic ligands of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), and previous studies have shown that TZDs induce apoptosis of prostate cancer cells independently of PPARγ activation. However, the exact mechanism of these effects remains unknown ... The apoptosis-inducing effect of TZDs on prostate cancer cells involves the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. Furthermore, TZDs induce inactivation of GSK3β, a multifunctional kinase that mediates essential events promoting prostate cancer development and acquisition of androgen independence. In addition, the GSK3β inhibitor lithium chloride sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TZDs cytotoxicity. What is new and Conclusion: Our data suggest that modulation of Akt-GSK3β pathway is involved in the cell death pathway engaged by TZDs in prostate cancer cells. This reveals another possible mechanism of TZDs on apoptosis in prostate cancer. Inhibition of the Akt-GSK3β cascade may be a useful approach in prostate cancer" - Got that because I'm going to give a test on it in next weeks newsletter. The point is that TZDs such as pioglitazone may help prevent or slow prostate cancer. See Pioglitazone at OffshoreRx1.com. This was in last weeks newsletter:
Sleep duration is significantly associated with carotid artery atherosclerosis incidence in a Japanese population - Atherosclerosis. 2011 Feb 24 - "Sleep duration ≥7h correlated significantly with the incidence of IMT≥1.2mm when compared with a sleep duration of 6h (multivariate-adjusted odds ratio, 1.263; 95% confidence interval, 1.031-1.546, P=0.024). Shorter sleep duration ≤5h did not correlate significantly with the risk compared with a sleep duration of 6h"
Consumption
of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fish, and nuts and risk of inflammatory disease
mortality - Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Mar 16 - "Women in
the highest tertiles of total n-3 PUFA
intake, compared with those in the lowest tertile of intake at baseline, had a
44% reduced risk of inflammatory disease
mortality (P for trend = 0.03). This association was not observed in men"
- See
Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com
A Dietary
Mixture Containing Fish Oil, Resveratrol, Lycopene, Catechins, and Vitamins E
and C Reduces Atherosclerosis in Transgenic Mice - J Nutr. 2011 Mar 16 -
"Chronic inflammation
and proatherogenic lipids are important risk factors of
cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Specific dietary constituents such as polyphenols and fish oils may improve
cardiovascular risk factors and may have a beneficial effect on disease outcomes
... AIDM was evaluated in an inflammation model, male human C-reactive protein
(CRP) transgenic mice, and an atherosclerosis model, female ApoE*3Leiden
transgenic mice. Two groups of male human-CRP transgenic mice were fed AIDM
[0.567% (wt:wt) powder and 0.933% (wt:wt oil)] or placebo for 6 wk. The effects
of AIDM on basal and IL-1β-stimulated CRP expression were investigated. AIDM
reduced cytokine-induced human CRP and fibrinogen expression in human-CRP
transgenic mice. In the atherosclerosis study, 2 groups of female ApoE*3Leiden
transgenic mice were fed an atherogenic diet supplemented with AIDM [0.567%
(wt:wt) powder and 0.933% (wt:wt oil)] or placebo for 16 wk. AIDM strongly
reduced plasma cholesterol, TG, and serum amyloid A concentrations compared with
placebo. Importantly, long-term treatment of ApoE*3Leiden mice with AIDM
markedly reduced the development of atherosclerosis by 96% compared with
placebo. The effect on atherosclerosis was paralleled by a reduced expression of
the vascular inflammation markers and adhesion molecules inter-cellular adhesion
molecule-1 and E-selectin. Dietary supplementation of AIDM improves lipid and
inflammatory risk factors of CVD and strongly reduces atherosclerotic lesion
development in female transgenic mice" - See
resveratrol products at Amazon.com Carbohydrate Ingestion during Endurance Exercise Improves Performance in Adults - J Nutr. 2011 Mar 16 - "This study was a systematic review with meta-analysis examining the efficacy of carbohydrate (CHO) ingestion compared with placebo (PLA) on endurance exercise performance in adults. Relevant databases were searched to January 2011 ... time trial (TT) or exercise time to exhaustion (TTE) ... effect size (ES) ... The ES for submaximal exercise followed by TT was significant (ES = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.37-0.69; P < 0.001) as was the ES for TT (ES = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.07-0.53; P = 0.011). The weighted mean improvement in exercise performance favored CHO ingestion (7.5 and 2.0%, respectively). TTE (ES = 0.47; 95% CI = 0.32-0.62; P < 0.001) and submaximal exercise followed by TTE (ES = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.08-0.80; P = 0.017) also showed significant effects, with weighted mean improvements of 15.1 and 54.2%, respectively, with CHO ingestion. Similar trends were evident for subanalyses of studies using only male or trained participants, for exercise of 1-3 h duration, and where CHO and PLA beverages were matched for electrolyte content. The data support that ingestion of CHO between 30 and 80 g/h enhances endurance exercise performance in adults"
Adaptive dysfunction of selenoproteins from the perspective of the triage
theory: why modest selenium deficiency may increase risk of diseases of aging
- FASEB J. 2011 Mar 14 - "The triage theory proposes
that modest deficiency of any vitamin or mineral (V/M) could increase
age-related diseases. V/M-dependent proteins required for short-term survival
and/or reproduction (i.e., "essential") are predicted to be protected on V/M
deficiency over other "nonessential" V/M-dependent proteins needed only for
long-term health. The result is accumulation of insidious damage, increasing
disease risk. We successfully tested the theory against published evidence on
vitamin K. Here, we review about half of the 25 known mammalian selenoproteins;
all of those with mouse knockout or human mutant phenotypes that could be used
as criteria for a classification of essential or nonessential. Five
selenoproteins (Gpx4, Txnrd1, Txnrd2, Dio3, and Sepp1) were classified as
essential and 7 (Gpx1, Gpx 2, Gpx 3, Dio1, Dio2, Msrb1, and SelN) nonessential.
On modest selenium (Se) deficiency, nonessential selenoprotein activities and
concentrations are preferentially lost, with one exception (Dio1 in the thyroid,
which we predict is conditionally essential). Mechanisms include the requirement
of a special form of tRNA sensitive to Se
deficiency for translation of nonessential selenoprotein mRNAs except Dio1.
The same set of age-related diseases and conditions, including cancer, heart
disease, and immune dysfunction, are prospectively associated with modest Se
deficiency and also with genetic dysfunction of nonessential selenoproteins,
suggesting that Se deficiency could be a causal factor, a possibility
strengthened by mechanistic evidence. Modest Se deficiency is common in many
parts of the world; optimal intake could prevent future disease" - See
selenium at Amazon.com
THE
INFLUENCE OF BODY-MASS INDEX AND RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM ACTIVITY
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D AND ADIPONECTIN IN CAUCASIAN MEN
- Eur J Endocrinol. 2011 Mar 14 - "Higher
25(OH)D concentrations were independently
associated with higher adiponectin levels,
particularly when BMI was high" - See
vitamin D at Amazon.com
Supplement Focus (Cranberry Extract): Specific Recommendation: News & Research:
Abstracts:
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or 
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Again, connect it to a hot fuse. I think the "M" in ATM stands for
"mini". I know Honda's take the ATM low profile (the fuses are shorter
than the ATM's) but the regular ATM Add-A-Fuse will work.
