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Kidney Disease/Nephropathy

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• Whey Protein Concentrate Ameliorates the Methotrexate-Induced Liver and Kidney Damage - Br J Nutr 2023 Mar 23 - "Methotrexate (MTX) is a cytotoxic immunosuppressant that is widely used in the treatment of tumours, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis ... Liver and kidney damage can be prevented by using whey proteins as a nutraceutical in MTX therapy.In conclusion, whey proteins demonstrated a protective effect against MTX-induced liver and kidney damage" - See whey protein at Amazon.com.
• Can SGLT2 Inhibitors Limit Acute Kidney Injury in Type 2 Diabetes? - Medscape, 3/7/23 - "people taking an SGLT2 inhibitor had a relative 25% lower rate of AKI events, while in the observational studies, SGLT2 inhibitor treatment was linked with a 60% relative reduction in AKI. The study also found that SGLT2 inhibitor use in the trials was linked with a significant 20% relative increase in the incidence of low fluid volume."
• Association Between Proton Pump Inhibitor Exposure and Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery - Mayo Clin Proc 2023 Feb - "Discontinuation of PPI prior to operation was associated with a lower odds of AKI development in both cohorts"
• Eating Enough Oily Fish Tied to Lower Risk of Kidney Disease - Medscape, 1/20/23 - "Participants had a mean baseline eGFR of 76.1-99.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 ... During a median 11-year follow-up, 4944 participants (19.3%) developed incident CKD ... Higher levels of total seafood n-3 PUFAs were associated with an 8% lower risk of incident CKD risk (relative risk [RR] per interquintile range, 0.92; P = .009), after adjusting for a variety of confounders ... Higher levels of total seafood n-3 PUFAs were also associated with a slower annual decline in eGFR. For example, the annual decline in eGFR was 0.07 mL/min/1.73m2 lower for people with total seafood n-3 PUFA levels in the highest versus lowest quintiles ... The association appeared consistent across different subgroups (age ≥ 60 vs < 60 years, eGFR 60-89 vs ≥ 90 mL/min/1.73 m2) and with versus without hypertension, diabetes, or coronary heart disease at baseline" - See omega-3 supplements at Amazon.com.
• Sesamolin Attenuates Kidney Injury, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction, and Gut Microbiota Imbalance in High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice - J Agric Food Chem 2023 Jan 11 - "This study investigated the effects of sesamolin on kidney injury, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota imbalance in high-fat and high-fructose (HF-HF) diet-fed mice and explored the underlying correlations among them. The results indicated that sesamolin suppressed metabolic disorders and increased renal function parameters. Histological evaluation showed that sesamolin mitigated renal epithelial cell degeneration and brush border damage ... Thus, sesamolin may be a potential dietary supplement for protection against obesity-associated kidney injury" - See sesame seed oil at Amazon.com.
• Lycopene Attenuates Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate-Induced Mitochondrial Damage and Inflammation in Kidney via cGAS-STING Signaling - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Dec 30 - "Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a highly harmful and persistent environmental pollutant. Due to its unique chemical composition, it frequently dissolves and enters the environment to endanger human and animal health. Lycopene is a natural bioactive component that can potentially reduce the risk of environmental factor-induced chronic diseases ... Collectively, our data demonstrate that LYC can reduce mitophagy caused by DEHP exposure by activating the PINK1/Parkin pathway and then reduce renal inflammation and apoptosis through the cGAS-STING pathway" - See lycopene at Amazon.com.
• Kaempferol attenuated diabetic nephropathy by reducing apoptosis and promoting autophagy through AMPK/mTOR pathways - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Nov 30 - "Renal podocyte injury, apoptosis and autophagy are involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Kaempferol (KPF) has the promotion of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis properties in the development of miscellaneous diseases, but these functions in DN have not yet been elucidated ... In conclusion, KPF might have a protective effect on DN through reduced apoptosis and enhanced podocytes autophagy, which were correlated with regulating AMPK/mTOR pathways" - See Kaempferia parviflora at Amazon.com.
• Association of habitual coffee consumption and kidney function: A prospective analysis in the Rotterdam Study - Clin Nutr 2022 Nov 30 - "Population-based studies have suggested a protective effect of coffee against development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), possibly through coffee's anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds ... Participants' mean (SD) baseline age was 66 (10) years, 57% were women and median [IQR] coffee consumption was 3.0 [2.0, 5.0] cups/day. Those drinking more coffee were more likely to smoke, and to have type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Mean eGFR was 79 (15) ml/min per 1.73 m2. In the total study population, coffee was not associated with longitudinal eGFR during a median of 5.4 years of follow-up (β = 0.04 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per one cup/day [95% CI: -0.10,0.18]). However, among those aged >70 years, one additional coffee cup/day was associated with on average 0.84 (0.51,1.18) ml/min per 1.73 m2 higher longitudinal eGFR. Among obese participants this estimate was 0.32 (0.01,0.63). A protective trend was also observed among former smokers (0.17 [-0.03,0.39]) and those with T2D (0.42 [-0.05,0.88]). Coffee was not associated with longitudinal ACR (0.01 mg/ml [-0.01,0.02])"
• SGLT2 inhibitors reduce adverse kidney and cardiovascular events in patients with advanced diabetic kidney disease: a population-based propensity score-matched cohort study - Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022 Dec 5 - "SGLT2 inhibitor improved kidney function, glycemic profile, and reduced adverse kidney-related and cardiovascular events in diabetic patients with advanced CKD" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.
• Dapagliflozin Reduces Hospitalizations in Patients With CKD - Medscape, 12/7/22 - "Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin significantly reduced risk of first hospitalization by 16% (hazard ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval, 0.75-0.94) and rate of all hospitalizations by 21% (rate ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.70-0.89). These findings remained significant regardless of type 2 diabetes status, with significant benefits seen across reasons for admission, including renal/urinary disorders, cardiac disorders, neoplasms, and metabolism/nutrition disorders. In addition, dapagliflozin was associated with shorter mean time in hospital (2.3 vs. 2.8 days; P = .027) and longer time alive and out of hospital (354.9 vs. 351.7; P = .023)." See dapagliflozin at reliablerxpharmacy.com.
• Quercetin Ameliorates Renal Injury and Pyroptosis in Lupus Nephritis through Inhibiting IL-33/ST2 Pathway In Vitro and In Vivo - Antioxidants (Basel) 2022 Nov 1 - "Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and serious symptom in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Tubular interstitial fibrosis is a common underlying mechanism in the development of lupus nephritis to end-stage renal failure (ESRD). Quercetin is widely proven to prevent tissue fibrosis ... The in vivo results showed that quercetin improved the renal function and inhibited both fibrosis- and inflammation-related markers in MRL/lpr mice animal models. The in vitro results indicated that quercetin ameliorated the accumulation of fibrosis- and inflammation-related proteins in IL-33-induced HK-2 cells and improved renal cell pyroptosis via the IL33/ST2 pathway. Overall, quercetin can improve LN-related renal fibrosis and inflammation, which may offer an effective potential therapeutic strategy for lupus nephritis" - See quercetin at Amazon.com.
• Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on 5/6Nx Hypertriglyceridemia: Association with the Improvement of Renal Mitochondrial β-Oxidation and Lipid Metabolism in Kidney and Liver - Antioxidants (Basel) 2022 Nov 6 - "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is constantly increasing, and dyslipidemia in this disease is characteristic, favoring cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms of CKD dyslipidemia are not fully understood. The use of curcumin (CUR) in CKD models such as 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx) has shown multiple beneficial effects, so it has been proposed to correct dyslipidemia without side effects ... Our results showed that CUR reversed the increase in liver and kidney damage and hypertriglyceridemia induced by 5/6Nx. CUR also reversed mitochondrial membrane depolarization and β-oxidation disorders in the kidney and the increased lipid uptake and the high levels of proteins involved in fatty acid synthesis in the liver and kidney. CUR also decreased lipogenesis and increased mitochondrial biogenesis markers in the liver. Therefore, we concluded that the therapeutic effect of curcumin on 5/6Nx hypertriglyceridemia is associated with the restoration of renal mitochondrial ß-oxidation and the reduction in lipid synthesis and uptake in the kidneys and liver" - See curcumin at Amazon.com.
• Moving the Needle: SGLT2 Inhibitor Role for Isolated Kidney Disease - Medscape, 11/4/22 - "In the new trial, EMPA-Kidney, treatment with empagliflozin 10 mg daily for a median of 2.0 years led to a significant 28% relative risk reduction in the primary combined endpoint in comparison with placebo" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.
• Luteolin can ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis-induced renal anaemia through the SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway - Food Funct 2022 Nov 2 - "In vivo, haemoglobin and haematocrit were increased significantly, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were decreased significantly, and the degree of renal interstitial injury and fibrosis was significantly alleviated in luteolin-treated mice compared with model mice. Erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia inducible factor 2A (HIF2A) levels were significantly increased and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (COLI) and fibronectin (FN) levels were significantly decreased. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant increases in sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) after luteolin intervention; these effects were validated in vitro and in vivo. Combined treatment with luteolin and the SIRT1 activator resveratrol or the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol and SIRT1-siRNA transfection revealed that blocking SIRT1 reduced FOXO3 expression and significantly decreased the benefits of luteolin, while resveratrol had the opposite effects. Molecular docking analysis indicated a stable conformation between luteolin and SIRT1. In vitro and in vivo systematic and transcriptomic studies showed that luteolin attenuates renal anaemia caused by renal fibrosis through the SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway" - See luteolin products at Amazon.com.
• Caffeine intake improves the cognitive performance of patients with chronic kidney disease - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Oct - "The recommended dose of caffeine intake to improve the cognitive function of CKD patients is ≤279 mg/day"
• Schisandra B, a representative lignan from Schisandra chinensis, improves cisplatin-induced toxicity: An in vitro study - Phytother Res 2022 Oct 12 - "Schisandrin B (Scheme B) is the most abundant and active lignan monomer isolated from Schisandra chinensis. At present, most reports focus on its cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effects, however, the related reports on gastrointestinal protective effects are still limited ... In conclusion, Scheme B might alleviate cisplatin-induced IEC-6 cell damage by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and repairing intestinal barrier function. The present research provides a strong evidence that Scheme B may be a useful modulator in cisplatin-induced intestinal toxicity" - See Schizandra at Amazon.com.
• Quercetin inhibits the amphiregulin/EGFR signaling-mediated renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy - Phytother Res 2022 Oct 11 - "In UUO rats, quercetin reduced the area of fibrosis as well as inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis. In cultured HK-2 cells, quercetin significantly ameliorated the EMT induced by TGF-β1, which was accompanied by increased amphiregulin (AREG) expression. Moreover, quercetin inhibited AREG binding to the EGFR receptor, thereby further affecting other downstream pathways. Quercetin may alleviate fibrosis in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the activation of AREG/EGFR signaling indicating a potential therapeutic effect of quercetin in renal fibrosis" - See quercetin at Amazon.com.
• The Effect of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Supplementation on Renal Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials - Int J Clin Pract 2022 Aug 29 - "BUN reduction was significant in the saffron group compared to placebo" - See saffron supplements at Amazon.com.
• Glutamine prevents acute kidney injury by modulating oxidative stress and apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells - JCI Insight 2022 Sep 15 - "Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a common complication in critically ill patients that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In a murine AKI model induced by ischemia-reperfusion-injury (IRI), we show that glutamine significantly decreases kidney damage and improves kidney function ... Glutamine administration attenuated kidney damage in vivo during AKI and TEC viability in vitro under inflammatory or hypoxic conditions" - See L-glutamine at Amazon.com.
• Inverse association between baseline plasma selenium concentrations and risk of renal function decline in hypertensive adults - J Nutr 2022 Sep 9 - "The kidney has the highest level of selenium (Se) in the body, but the role of plasma Se in chronic kidney disease is uncertain ... The median follow-up duration from baseline to outcome was 4.4 years. After multivariate adjustment, there was an inverse association between plasma Se and rapid decline in renal function (per 10-unit increment; OR, 0.85; 95%CI: 0.73, 0.99). When baseline plasma Se was assessed as tertiles, compared to the lowest tertile (<74.5 μg/L), a lower trend of the primary outcome was found in the second tertile (74.5 to <89.4 μg/L; OR, 0.60; 95%CI: 0.34, 1.07) and the highest tertile (89.4 to <150 μg/L; OR, 0.42; 95%CI: 0.22, 0.80) (P for trend = 0.006). Furthermore, the Se-renal association was more pronounced among participants with folic acid treatment or with a higher baseline folate concentration (both P for interaction" - See se-methyl l-selenocysteine at Amazon.com.
• Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Kidney Disease Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes-Post Hoc Analyses From the DECLARE-TIMI 58 Trial - Diabetes Care 2022 Aug 23 - "Dapagliflozin mitigated kidney function decline in patients with T2D at high cardiovascular risk, including those with low KDIGO risk, suggesting a role of dapagliflozin in the early prevention of diabetic kidney disease" - See dapagliflozin at reliablerxpharmacy.com.
• Treatment with β-blocker nebivolol ameliorates oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity in rats - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Aug 4 - "Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), a widely prescribed component in antiretroviral regimens, has been associated with nephrotoxicity. Nebivolol is a third generation selective β-1 adrenergic receptor blocker and may protect renal structure and function through the suppression of oxidative stress and enhancement of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis ... Nebivolol holds multifaceted actions that promote an advantageous option to slow the progression of kidney injury in tenofovir-induced nephrotoxicity"
• Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Hyperuricemia Nephropathy via Regulating TMAO-Related Gut Microbes and Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Aug 11 - "Hyperuricemia is an independent hazard factor of renal injury and can induce renal fibrosis, promoting the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to explore the probability of chlorogenic acid (CGA) as a potential substance for preventing hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN) ... CGA delayed kidney fibrosis in HN rats as evidenced by regulating the cascade response of the microbiota-TMAO-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In summary, CGA can be an excellent candidate for HN prevention" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
• Protective effect of Astragalus membranaceus and Astragaloside IV in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury - Aging (Albany NY) 2022 Jul 20 - "Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common target organ damage in sepsis. Sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) may be characterized by damage to the renal tubular epithelium ... Astragalus membranaceus and AS-IV protect against sepsis-induced kidney tubular injury by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway" - See astragalus at Amazon.com.
• The Role of Melatonin in Chronic Kidney Disease and Its Associated Risk Factors: A New Tool in Our Arsenal? - NTK Papers, 6/28/22 - "The combined use of stem cells with melatonin is an appealing therapeutic approach which ought to be assessed further" - See melatonin at Amazon.com.
• n-3 PUFA dietary lipid replacement normalizes muscle mitochondrial function and oxidative stress through enhanced tissue mitophagy and protects from muscle wasting in experimental kidney disease - Metabolism 2022 Jun 21 - "Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction may cause tissue oxidative stress and consequent catabolism in chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributing to patient mortality. We investigated in 5/6-nephrectomized (Nx) rats the impact of n3-polyunsaturated fatty-acids (n3-PUFA) isocaloric partial dietary replacement on gastrocnemius muscle (Gm) mitochondrial master-regulators, ATP production, ROS generation and related muscle-catabolic derangements ... dietary n3-PUFA normalize mitochondrial master-regulators, ATP production and dynamics in experimental CKD. These effects occur directly in muscle cells and they normalize ROS production through enhanced mitophagy. Dietary n3-PUFA mitochondrial effects result in normalized catabolic derangements and protection from muscle wasting, with potential positive impact on patient survival" - See omega-3 supplements at Amazon.com.
• Sacubitril-Valsartan Increases Ultrafiltration in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis: A Short-Term Retrospective Self-Controlled Study - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Jun 3 - "There are few data about the effectiveness and safety of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) sacubitril-valsartan in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). The present study was conducted to evaluate the association between sacubitril-valsartan treatment and peritoneal ultrafiltration (PUF) in PD patients ... After treated with sacubitril-valsartan, 30 patients (63.8%) had a significant increase of PUF [up to 150.4 (110.7, 232.1) ml per day], while the remaining 17 (36.2%) had a slight decrease. The overall increase of PUF was 66.4 (21.4, 123.2) ml/24 h within the 7 days after sacubitril-valsartan administration, which was significantly higher than those before (P = 0.004). Total output, BP, and body weight also significantly improved. No adverse drug reactions were observed"
• Coffee consumption link to reduced risk of acute kidney injury, study finds - Science Daily, 6/2/22 - "those who drank any quantity of coffee every day had a 15% lower risk of AKI, with the largest reductions observed in the group that drank two to three cups a day (a 22%-23% lower risk) ... AKI symptoms differ depending on the cause and may include: too little urine leaving the body; swelling in the legs and ankles, and around the eyes; fatigue; shortness of breath; confusion; nausea; chest pain; and in severe cases, seizures or coma. The disorder is most commonly seen in hospitalized patients whose kidneys are affected by medical and surgical stress and complications ... We suspect that the reason for coffee's impact on AKI risk may be that either biologically active compounds combined with caffeine or just the caffeine itself improves perfusion and oxygen utilization within the kidneys ... Good kidney function and tolerance to AKI -- is dependent on a steady blood supply and oxygen"
• Resveratrol ameliorates muscle atrophy in chronic kidney disease via the axis of SIRT1/FoxO1 - Phytother Res 2022 May 23 - "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often associated with muscle atrophy ... Here, we treated 5/6-nephrectomized (5/6Nx) rats with resveratrol and found that this treatment greatly improves renal function as evidenced by reduced proteinuria and cystatin C. Moreover, resveratrol ameliorates renal fibrosis by reducing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Meanwhile, muscle atrophy in these 5/6Nx rats was largely attenuated by resveratrol. Immunoprecipitation revealed that SIRT1 physically interacts with FoxO1 in muscle, and this interaction was weakened in 5/6Nx rats. As a consequence, acetylated FoxO1 was increased in muscle of 5/6Nx rats. The application of resveratrol markedly reverses this trend. These data point out that SIRT1 is a key factor for linking renal disease and muscle atrophy. Indeed, both renal dysfunction and muscle atrophy were further aggravated by 5/6Nx in Sirt1+/- mice. Taken together, our data indicate that SIRT1 plays a pivotal role in muscle atrophy in CKD, and FoxO1 might be a substrate of SIRT1 in this process. Furthermore, resveratrol, together with other agonists of SIRT1, may hold great therapeutic potentials for treating CKD and its related muscle atrophy" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.
• Drinking More Coffee May Reduce Acute Kidney Injury Risk - Medscape, 5/19/22 - "Participants who drank any quantity of coffee every day had an 11% lower risk of acute kidney injury than those who never drank coffee ... but the largest reductions were seen in the group that drank two to three cups a day ... > 3 cups daily: hazard ratio (HR), 0.83 (95% CI, 0.71 - 0.96) ... 2-3 cups daily: HR, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72 - 0.95) ... 1 cup daily: HR, 1.08 (95% CI, 0.94 - 1.24) ... < 1 cup daily: HR, 0.92 ... Coffee is often demonized, and this is a nice little piece of data saying that a lot of the consensus of what we think about coffee really is not well deserved"
• The impact of prebiotic fructooligosaccharides on gut dysbiosis and inflammation in obesity and diabetes related kidney disease - Food Funct 2022 May 18 - "Recent studies have reported that gut dysbiosis aggravates the progression of obesity and diabetes by increasing the production of uremic toxins in conjunction with gut barrier dysfunction which then leads to increased passage of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into the blood circulatory system eventually causing systemic inflammation. Therefore, the modification of gut microbiota using a prebiotic supplement may assist in the restoration of gut barrier function and reduce any disturbance of the inflammatory response ... The evidence confirms that FOS supplementation could improve the pathological changes associated with obesity and diabetes related kidney disease, however, knowledge concerning the mechanisms involved is still limited and needs further elucidation" - See inulin at Amazon.com.
• Docosahexaenoic acid-acylated curcumin diester alleviates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by regulating the effect of gut microbiota on the lipopolysaccharide- and trimethylamine- N-oxide-mediated PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway in mice - Food Funct 2022 May 16 - "An increasing number of studies have reported the effects of curcumin (Cur) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on alleviating acute kidney injury (AKI) ... An increasing number of studies have reported the effects of curcumin (Cur) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on alleviating acute kidney injury (AKI). In this work, we have performed a comparative investigation to determine the effect of dietary DHA-acylated Cur esters, ester derivatives of Cur, and recombination of curcumin and DHA on alleviating acute kidney injury in a mouse model induced by a single intraperitoneal injection with cisplatin (20 mg kg-1). The results showed that the DHA-acylated Cur diesters significantly decreased the abnormally increased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) in serum caused by AKI ... the DHA-acylated Cur diester treatment remarkably changed the relative abundance of microbiota related to LPS and TMAO/trimethylamine (TMA) metabolism. Moreover, dietary DHA-acylated Cur diesters clearly reduced the MDA content and elevated GSH levels in the kidney of AKI mice, as well as changed the fatty acid composition in the kidney. Further mechanism studies showed that DHA-acylated Cur diesters significantly inhibited inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress by preventing the LPS and TMAO-mediated PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway. The above results indicate that DHA-acylated Cur diesters are a potentially novel candidate or targeted dietary pattern to prevent and treat drug-induced acute kidney injury" - See docosahexaenoic acid at Amazon.com and curcumin at Amazon.com.
• The effect of quercetin on diabetic nephropathy (DN): a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies - Food Funct 2022 Apr 13 - "Quercetin, a flavonoid possessing numerous biological activities, is reported to improve renal injury in diabetic animals. Here, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of quercetin on diabetic nephropathy and summarize its possible mechanisms ... Apart from creatinine clearance and uric acid with no significant difference, quercetin significantly decreased the levels of renal index, serum/plasma creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), urine protein, urine albumin, malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. In short, quercetin improves renal function and attenuates the renal oxidative stress level and inflammatory response in DN animal models. Its possible action mechanisms include anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and regulation of renal lipid accumulation" - See quercetin at Amazon.com.
• Improvement in the Blood Urea Nitrogen and Serum Creatinine Using New Cultivation of Cordyceps militaris - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022 Mar 23 - "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a critical public health issue with a huge financial burden for both patients and society worldwide. Unfortunately, there are currently no efficacious therapies to prevent or delay the progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Traditional Chinese medicine practices have shown that Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) mycelia have a variety of pharmacologically useful properties, including antitumor, immunomodulation, and hepatoprotection. However, the effect of mycelial C. militaris on CKD remains unclear ... nvestigated the effects of C. militaris mycelia on mice with CKD using four types of media: HKS, HKS with vitamin A (HKS + A), CM, and CM with vitamin A (CM + A) ... The results at day 10 revealed that the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly lower in the HKS (41%), HKS + A (41%), and CM + A (34%) groups compared with those in the corresponding control groups (nephrectomic mice). The level of serum creatinine in the HKS + A group decreased by 35% at day 10, whereas the levels in the HKS and CM + A groups decreased only by 14% and 13%, respectively, on day 30. Taken together, this is the first report using four new media (HKS, HKS + A, CM, and CM + A medium) for C. militaris mycelia. Each medium of mycelial C. militaris on CKD exhibits specific effect on BUN, serum creatinine, body weight, total protein, and uric acid" - See Cordyceps at Amazon.com.
• Luteolin Ameliorates Methamphetamine-Induced Podocyte Pathology by Inhibiting Tau Phosphorylation in Mice - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022 Mar 24 - "Methamphetamine (METH) can cause kidney dysfunction. Luteolin is a flavonoid compound that can alleviate kidney dysfunction ... We observed increased levels of p-Tau and p-GSK3β and elevated glomerular pathology, renal dysfunction, renal fibrosis, foot process effacement, macrophage infiltration, and podocyte specific protein loss. Inhibition of GSK3β activation protected METH-induced kidney injury. Furthermore, luteolin could obliterate glomerular pathologies, inhibit podocyte protein loss, and stop p-Tau level increase. Luteolin could also abolish the METH-induced podocyte injury by inactivating GSK3β-p-Tau in cultured podocytes. These results indicate that luteolin might ameliorate methamphetamine-induced podocyte pathology through GSK3β-p-Tau axis" - See luteolin products at Amazon.com.
• Empagliflozin Scores Topline Win in EMPA-KIDNEY Trial - Medscape, 3/17/22 - "EMPA-KIDNEY is the third major trial of an agent from the sodium-glucose co-transport 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor class tested in patients with CKD to be stopped early because of positive results that met a prespecified termination rule ... The success of empagliflozin in EMPA-KIDNEY follows its positive results in both the EMPEROR-Reduced and EMPEROR-Preserved trials, which collectively proved the efficacy of the agent for patients with heart failure regardless of their left ventricular ejection fraction and regardless of whether they also had diabetes" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.
• Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor therapy: use in chronic kidney disease and adjunctive sodium restriction - Intern Med J 2022 Mar 7 - "Hence, blood pressure (BP) reduction is a vital component of CKD management. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a relatively novel class of medications developed to treat T2DM by inducing glycosuria and hence, lowering glycaemia. Additionally, SGLT2 inhibitors are antihypertensive, renoprotective and cardioprotective, even in individuals without T2DM, making them promising therapeutic agents for CKD, regardless of aetiology" - See empagliflozin at ihouseepharmacy.
• Exploring the Mechanism of Astragalus propinquus Schischkin and Panax Notoginseng (A&P) Compounds in the Treatment of Renal Fibrosis and Chronic Kidney Disease Based on Integrated Network Analysis - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022 Feb 27 - "Astragalus propinquus Schischkin and Panax notoginseng (A&P) has been widely used in clinical practice to treat chronic kidney disease (CKD) for many years and achieved a remarkable improvement of these outcomes ... What's more, the effect of A&P and potential genes was furthermore verified by using unilateral ureteral ligation (UUO) in rodent model. The results showed that the expression of HSF1 and RELA both at transcript and protein level was significantly upregulated in UUO model, but the expression was markedly reversed after A&P intervention. To further guide the interpretation of active ingredients from A&P on the effect of HSF1 and RELA, we performed a molecular docking assay and the results showed that active ingredients such as coptisine docked well into HSF1 and RELA. In total, these results suggest that A&P may improve RF in CKD by regulating HSF1 and RELA, which provides a basis for further understanding the mechanism of A&P in the treatment of RF and CKD" - See astragalus at Amazon.com and Panax ginseng at Amazon.com.
• Diosmin, a citrus fruit-derived phlebotonic bioflavonoid protects rats from chronic kidney disease-induced loss of bone mass and strength without deteriorating the renal function - Food Funct 2022 Feb 21 - "Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2017 Clinical Practice Guideline has recommended treatment decisions for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with osteoporosis and/or high risk of fracture. Bisphosphonates, the first-line anti-osteoporosis drugs have the concern of worsening kidney functions. Moreover, despite impaired bone formation in CKD patients, teriparatide, the formation-stimulating drug is not recommended. Thus, there is an urgent need for safe and effective treatment of osteoporosis in CKD patients ... Fibroblast growth factor-23 and parathyroid hormone were increased in CKD and diosmin suppressed both. CKD reduced bone mass and deteriorated the microarchitecture of trabecular bones, and diosmin maintained both to control levels. Bone formation and strength were impaired in the CKD and diosmin maintained these levels to control levels. Nanoindentation of bone showed that diosmin significantly increased tissue hardness over the control. Diosmetin, the metabolic surrogate of diosmin had comparable pharmacokinetic profiles between the control and CKD groups. Furthermore, diosmetin (50 mg kg-1) protected against CKD-induced bone loss. These data suggest that diosmin and its metabolic surrogate, diosmetin protect against CKD-induced osteopenia. Since diosmin has no renal adverse effect and protected bone mass and strength in CKD rats, we propose assessing its anti-osteoporosis effect in CKD patients" - See diosmin at Amazon.com.
• Long-term consumption of a mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet on kidney function in coronary heart disease patients: The CORDIOPREV randomized controlled trial - Clin Nutr 2022 Jan 6 - "The long-term consumption of a Mediterranean diet rich in EVOO, when compared to a low-fat diet, may preserve kidney function, as shown by a reduced decline in eGFR in CHD patients with T2DM. Patients with mildly-impaired eGFR may benefit more from the beneficial effect of the consumption of the Mediterranean diet in preserving kidney function. These findings reinforce the clinical benefits of the Mediterranean diet in the context of secondary cardiovascular disease prevention" - See olive leaf extract at Amazon.com but it could be the omega-9 or both.
• Urolithin A alleviates acute kidney injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion through the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway - Phytother Res 2022 Jan 17 - "Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia reperfusion (RIR) is typically observed in renal surgeries and is a leading cause of renal failure ... Herein, we report the effect of Urolithin A (UA) in a mouse RIR model, wherein we demonstrated its underlying mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. The expression levels of p62 and Keap1 significantly decreased, while that of nuclear Nrf2 increased in vitro in a hypoxia cell model after UA treatment. Furthermore, the apoptosis of tubular cells was attenuated and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were reduced in the kidneys in a mouse RIR model after UA administration. In this study, we demonstrated that UA can alleviate oxidative stress and promote autophagy by activating the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway, which could protect the kidneys from ischemia reperfusion injury."
  • Urolithin A - Wiki - "Pomegranate fruits, walnuts or raspberries are sources of ellagitannins.[4][5][6] Ellagitannins are hydrolyzed in the gut to release ellagic acid, which is further processed by the gut microflora into urolithins through the loss of one of its two lactones and by successive removal of hydroxyl groups ... While studies have shown that Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens and Gordonibacter pamelaeae play a role in the conversion of ellagic acids and ellagitannins into urolithin A, the microorganisms responsible for the complete transformation into the final urolithins are still unknown.[3] The efficiency of the conversion of ellagitannins into urolithin A significantly varies in humans, and some individuals do not show any conversion"
• Effect of Curcumin on Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021 Dec 2 - "Five RCTs involving 290 participants with DKD were included. Curcumin supplementation significantly improved the serum creatinine (WMD: -0.16 mg/dL, 95% CI: -0.3 to -0.02, P = 0.029, I 2 = 0%, moderate certainty), total cholesterol (WMD: -10.13 mg/dL, 95% CI: -17.84 to -2.14, P = 0.01, I 2 = 0%, moderate certainty), systolic blood pressure (WMD: 3.94 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.86 to 6.01, P < 0.01, I 2 = 33.5%, moderate certainty), and fasting blood glucose (WMD: -8.29 mg/dL, 95% CI: -15.19 to -1.39, P = 0.019, I 2 = 43.7%, moderate certainty) levels; however, it had no significant effects on blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and diastolic blood pressure levels" - See curcumin at Amazon.com.
• Curcumin Protects against Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021 Nov 13 - "The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacological effects of curcumin on oxidative stress and inflammatory response of renal dysfunction induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion (RIRI) ... superoxide dismutase (SOD) ... Curcumin can relieve the degree of renal injury and improve renal function in ischemia-reperfusion, which may be related to the fact that curcumin can increase SOD content in serum and reduce MDA and FRAP levels in the rat model" - See curcumin at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin K status, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular disease in adults with chronic kidney disease: the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort - Am J Clin Nutr 2021 Nov 12 - "Vascular calcification contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vitamin K-dependent proteins function as calcification inhibitors in vascular tissue ... All-cause mortality risk was 21-29% lower among participants with plasma (dp)ucMGP <450 pmol/L (n = 2361) compared to those with plasma (dp)ucMGP ≥450 pmol/L [adjusted HRs (95%CIs): < 300 pmol/L = 0.71(0.61, 0.83), 300-449 pmol/L = 0.77(0.66, 0.90)] and 16-19% lower among participants with plasma phylloquinone ≥0.50 nmol/L (n = 2421) compared to those with plasma phylloquinone <0.50 nmol/L [adjusted HRs: 0.50, 0.99 nmol/L = 0.84(0.72, 0.99), ≥1.00 nmol/L = 0.81(0.70, 0.95)]. The risk for atherosclerotic CVD events did not significantly differ across plasma (dp)ucMGP or phylloquinone categories" - See vitamin k2 at Amazon.com.
• Cost-Effectiveness of Empagliflozin in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease in the United States: Findings Based on the EMPA-REG Outcome Trial - Am J Kidney Dis 2021 Nov 6 - "Based on EMPA-REG Outcome Study, this cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that for commercial insurers and Medicare, adding empagliflozin to SoC may be a cost-effective treatment option for patients with DKD"
• SGLT2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes - Am J Kidney Dis 2021 Nov 8 - "Among older adults with T2D, initiation of an SGLT-2i was associated with a reduced risk of AKI compared to initiation of a DPP-4i or GLP-1RA"
• Exploring the Effect of Dapagliflozin on Alcoholic Kidney Injury and Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Rats Based on TIMP-1/MMP-24 Pathway - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021 Oct 21 - "Long-term large-scale alcohol intake can cause kidney tissue damage and fibrotic lesions. The expression of fibrotic cytokines such as TIMP-1 and Smad3 will increase, and the expression of MMP-24 will be decreased. However, dapagliflozin and losartan have certain therapeutic effects on the abovementioned lesions. The mechanism may be downregulating TIMP-1 and Smad3 and upregulating the expression of MMP-24 and other cytokines in the kidney" - See dapagliflozin and losartan at reliablerxpharmacy.com.
• Lycopene Preventing DEHP-Induced Renal Cell Damage Is Targeted by Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor - J Agric Food Chem 2021 Oct 20 - "Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an environmentally persistent and bioaccumulative plasticizer. Accumulation of DEHP in the body can eventually cause kidney damage. As a type of natural carotenoid, lycopene (LYC) has a potential protective effect on renal cells, but the protective mechanism has not yet been elucidated ... LYC attenuated DEHP-induced renal tubular cell and glomerular damage. LYC relieved DEHP-induced kidney injury evidenced by lower levels of blood urea nitrogen (Bun), creatinine (Cre), and uric acid (Uric). Meanwhile, the reduced expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) also supported it. Notably, LYC can alleviate the activity or content of cytochrome P450 system (CYP450s) interfered with by DEHP. In addition, LYC treatment reduced nuclear accumulation of DEHP-induced aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and AhR nuclear transporter (Arnt), and its downstream target genes such as cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase (CYP) 1A1, 1A2, and 1B1 expression significantly decreased to normal in the LYC treatment group. In summary, LYC can mediate the AhR/Arnt signaling system to prevent kidney toxicity in mice caused by DEHP exposure" - See lycopene at Amazon.com.
• Fisetin Improves Hyperuricemia-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease via Regulating Gut Microbiota-Mediated Tryptophan Metabolism and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation - J Agric Food Chem 2021 Sep 22 - "The intestinal flora serves a critical role in the development of hyperuricemia-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). We previously found that natural flavonol fisetin exhibited nephroprotective effects in hyperuricemic mice ... aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ... These results highlighted that fisetin protected against hyperuricemia-induced CKD via modulating gut microbiota-mediated tryptophan metabolism and AHR activation" - See fisetin at Amazon.com.
• Glycine increases fat-free mass in malnourished haemodialysis patients: a randomized double-blind crossover trial - J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021 Sep 14 - "chronic haemodialysis (HD) ... Branched-chain amino acid did not improve lean body mass as compared with glycine. Unexpectedly, glycine improved fat-free mass index in HD patients, as compared with BCAA. Whether long-term supplementation with glycine improves the clinical outcome remains to be demonstrated" - See glycine products at Amazon.com.
• Associations between early thiamine administration and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury - Br J Nutr 2021 Aug 16 - "Early thiamine use was associated with improved short-term survival in critically ill patients with AKI. It was possible beneficial role in patients with stage 1 to 2 AKI according to the KDIGO criteria" - See thiamine at Amazon.com.
• Anthocyanin-rich fraction from black rice, Oryza sativa L. var. indica "Luem Pua," bran extract attenuates kidney injury induced by high-fat diet involving oxidative stress and apoptosis in obese rats - Phytother Res 2021 Jul 29 - "Obesity is acknowledged as being a world health problem and increases the risk of several chronic diseases including chronic kidney disease. High-fat diet consumption and obesity-related renal disease show a close correlation with increased oxidative stress. Black rice bran extract, (BRE) Oryza sativa L. variety "Luem Pua" contains a high anthocyanin content ... Male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HF) for 16 weeks. After this, the rats were given either vehicle (HF), BRE 100 (HF100) or BRE 200 mg/kg/day (HF200) orally for 8 weeks. The HF rats had increased body weight, visceral fat weight, plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. These parameters were normalized following HF100 administration and showed a decreasing trend with HF200. Serum creatinine and renal cortical MDA were increased in the HF group but these effects were attenuated by BRE. Negative kidney injury and histopathology changes were observed following a HF, but treatment with BRE reversed these deleterious effects. These results suggest that BRE could be used as a food supplement to improve metabolic disturbance and prevent kidney dysfunction in cases of obesity" - See black rice bran extract at Amazon.com.
• EU Approves Dapagliflozin for Kidney Disease, Regardless of Diabetes - Medscape, 8/10/21 - "We found that dapagliflozin delayed the initiation of dialysis and reduced the number of deaths ... treatment with dapagliflozin led to a 39% relative risk reduction in the incidence of a combined renal and cardiovascular endpoint during a median 2.4 years of follow-up, with an absolute risk reduction of 5.3%. The combined endpoint tallied the incidence of a 50% or greater drop in eGFR from baseline, onset of end-stage renal disease, or renal or cardiovascular death" - See dapagliflozin at reliablerxpharmacy.com.
• Periodontal disease as a predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage in older adults - J Int Med Res 2021 Jul - "Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) ... The highest CPITN values (CPITN-3 and CPITN-4) were associated with CKD stages 2 and 3. Thus, periodontal disease may be associated with progression of CKD"
• Ginsenoside Rg5 Improves Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Biogenesis of Liver via Regulation of the Sirt1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway in db/db Mice - J Agric Food Chem 2021 Jul 26 - "Our previous study demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5) could attenuate renal injury in diabetic mice but its underlying mechanism in mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin sensitivity remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that Rg5 intervention significantly inhibited blood glucose increases in db/db mice, improved liver function damage and hepatocyte apoptosis, and activated the IRS-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT insulin metabolism signaling pathway. Rg5 treatment also increased the level of glycogen synthesis and activated sirtuin1 (Sirt1) to increase glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity in insulin-resistant HepG2 (IR-HepG2) cells. Rg5 intervention also effectively improved liver oxidative stress and inflammation in db/db mice and increased mitochondrial biogenesis caused by T2DM. Additionally, the Rg5 treatment increased the mitochondrial mass in IR-HepG2 cells and activated Sirt1 to regulate the Sirt1/PGC-1α/mitofusin-2 mitochondrial biosynthesis pathway. Our findings demonstrated that Rg5 enhanced liver mitochondrial biogenesis and insulin sensitivity in db/db mice by activating the Sirt1/PGC-1α signaling pathway, suggesting the potential of Rg5 as a natural product for T2DM interventions" - See ginseng at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Iron Therapy May Help More Patients With Kidney Disease - Medscape, 7/12/21 - "Patients with the greatest levels of iron deficiency, with iron saturation levels of 15% or lower on the transferrin saturation index (TSAT), showed the highest risks for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.44) and MACE (HR, 1.77) compared to those with iron levels of 26%-35% on the TSAT" - See iron supplements at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Olive Leaf Powder Modulate Insulin Production and Circulating Adipokines in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats - J Diet Suppl 2021 Jun 11 - "Olives (Olea europaea) have natural phytochemical compounds that are of great importance for their potential beneficially health effects ... Forty Wistar-albino male rats, weighing 200-225 g were divided into four groups (n = 10); group I: Normal healthy rats received balanced diet; group II: Diabetic control rats receiving balanced diet; group III: Diabetic rats receiving balanced diet + standard antidiabetic drugs (metformin, 600 mg/bw) and group four: Diabetic rats received diet supplemented with 2.0% OLP. The experiment was conducted for four weeks. Our results showed that the consumption of 2.0% OLP decreased serum glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, whereas serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) level was increased. OLP supplementation also inhibited the atherogenic index [AI; log (TG/HDL-C) and atherogenic coefficient (AC)] levels relative to those of the untreated diabetic group. Moreover, OLP increased serum adiponectin concentration, and decreased serum leptin concentration. Liver and kidney functions were also attenuated by OLP. This finding also implies that OLP can play an important role in the treatment and delay of diabetic complications" - See olive leaf extract at Amazon.com.
• Magnesium supplementation reduces inflammation in rats with induced chronic kidney disease - Eur J Clin Invest 2021 Apr 18 - "Inflammation is a common feature in chronic kidney disease (CKD) that appears specifically associated with cardiovascular derangements in CKD patients. Observational studies have revealed a link between low Mg levels and inflammation ... Mg supplementation reduced inflammation associated with CKD, exerting a direct effect on vascular cells. These findings support a possible beneficial effect of Mg supplementation along the clinical management of CKD patients" - See magnesium supplements at Amazon.com.
• New benefits from anti-diabetic drug metformin - Science Daily, 4/15/21 - "the anti-diabetic drug metformin significantly prolongs the survival of mice in a model that simulates the pathology of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD) by ameliorating pathological conditions like reduced kidney function, glomerular damage, inflammation and fibrosis. Metformin's mechanism is different from existing therapeutics which only treat symptoms, such as the blood pressure drug losartan, so the researchers believe that a combination of these medications at low dose will be highly beneficial. ... This research found that the appropriate combination of metformin and losartan significantly improved renal pathology and prolonged survival in a ND-CKD mouse model. This suggests that the old inexpensive drug metformin could become a new inexpensive drug for patients with chronic kidney disease" - See metformin and losartan at ReliableRX.
• Dietary protein intake, kidney function, and survival in a nationally representative cohort - Am J Clin Nutr 2021 Mar 19 - "High-protein diets (e.g., Paleo, Atkins, South Beach, ketogenic) have gained popularity as a means to promote weight loss and avoid excess carbohydrate consumption. Yet in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, evidence suggests low dietary protein intake (DPI) leads to attenuation of kidney function decline, although concerns remain for risk of protein-energy wasting ... high biological value (HBV) protein ... Among participants with impaired kidney function, a higher DPI and greater HBV consumption were associated with higher mortality, whereas a lower DPI was associated with higher mortality in those with normal kidney function"
• Melatonin is effective against polycystic kidney disease - Science Daily, 1/26/21 - "Though Gamberi says melatonin has not been previously used to treat PKD, she does think it holds some promise. PKD is a chronic disease, so treatment cannot include any toxic components. This rules out chemotherapy and tumour-killing antineoplastics used in oncology, for instance. However, melatonin is entirely non-toxic and shares certain properties with antineoplastics and anti-inflammatory agents." - See melatonin at Amazon.com.
• Protection Mechanisms Underlying Oral Administration of Chlorogenic Acid against Cadmium-Induced Hepatorenal Injury Related to Regulating Intestinal Flora Balance - J Agric Food Chem 2021 Jan 26 - "Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal, which is widely used in the industry and daily life. It has a long half-life, so large amounts of Cd can accumulate in humans and become toxic. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) can eliminate free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation and is mainly used to prevent metal toxicity ... In acute Cd-exposed mice, CGA treatment (ip) alleviated Cd-induced oxidative damage and reduced the production of NO and MPO in the liver and kidney tissues, while TLR4 expression levels did not change significantly. After 8 weeks of Cd exposure, CGA administration (gavage) significantly alleviated gut dysbiosis by decreasing the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, enhancing the relative abundances of bacteria, including Ruminiclostridium_9, Alloprevotella, and Rikenella, and inhibiting the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggested that protection mechanisms underlying the oral administration of CGA against the Cd-induced hepatorenal injury was related to the regulation of the intestinal flora balance. CGA can be used as an effective component in daily diet to prevent Cd toxicity" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
• Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Improves Renal Function in Elderly Deficient in Selenium: Observational Results and Results from a Subgroup Analysis of a Prospective Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial - Nutrients 2020 Dec 9 - "A low selenium intake is found in European countries, and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality. There is an association between selenium level and the severity of kidney disease. An association between inflammation and selenium intake is also reported. The coenzyme Q10 level is decreased in kidney disease ... The association between selenium status and creatinine was studied in 589 elderly persons. In 215 of these (mean age 71 years) a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled prospective trial with selenium yeast (200 µg/day) and coenzyme Q10 (200 mg/day) (n = 117) or placebo (n = 98) was conducted ... Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) algorithm ... An association between low selenium status and impaired renal function was observed. Intervention causes a significantly lower serum creatinine, and cystatin-C concentration in the active treatment group compared with those on placebo (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.001 resp.). The evaluation with CKD-EPI based on both creatinine and cystatin-C showed a corresponding significant difference (p < 0.0001). All validations showed corresponding significant differences. In individuals with a deficiency of selenium and coenzyme Q10, low selenium status is related to impaired renal function, and thus supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 results in significantly improved renal function as seen from creatinine and cystatin-C and through the CKD-EPI algorithm. The explanation could be related to positive effects on inflammation and oxidative stress as a result of the supplementation" - See ubiquinol products at Amazon.com and iHerb and Se-methyl l-selenocysteine at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Serum potassium in chronic kidney disease: prevalence, patient characteristics and clinical outcomes - Intern Med J 2020 Dec 13 - "Hyperkalaemia and hypokalaemia were present in 6.86% and 2.94% of hospital admissions, respectively. In multivariate regression male sex, lower eGFR, diabetes and cardiac failure were associated with higher odds of hyperkalaemia. Thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, infectious disease and endocrine pathology were associated with higher odds of hypokalaemia. A U-shaped association was noted between potassium and inpatient mortality. Potassium <4.0 mmol/L and ≥ 5.0 mmol/L was associated with increased mortality. Only patients with potassium ≥5.5 mmol/L had increased ICU admission risk" - See potassium citrate at Amazon.com and iHerb.com.
• Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis - Nutrients 2020 Nov 1 - "L-carnitine is an important factor in fatty acid metabolism, and carnitine deficiency is common in dialysis patients. This study evaluated whether L-carnitine supplementation improved muscle spasm, cardiac function, and renal anemia in dialysis patients. Eighty Japanese outpatients (62 hemodialysis (HD) patients and 18 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients) received oral L-carnitine (600 mg/day) for 12 months; the HD patients further received intravenous L-carnitine injections (1000 mg three times/week) for 12 months, amounting to 24 months of treatment ... There was no significant improvement in muscle spasms, although decreased muscle cramping after L-carnitine treatment was reported by 31% of patients who had undergone HD for >4 years. Hemoglobin concentrations increased significantly at 12 and 24 months in the HD group. Therefore, L-carnitine may be effective for reducing muscle cramping and improving hemoglobin levels in dialysis patients, especially those who have been undergoing dialysis for >4 years" - See L-carnitine at Amazon.com.
• CV Benefit of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Seen at All eGFR Levels - Medscape, 10/27/20 - "The primary end point was a composite of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, coronary revascularization, and unstable angina. The key secondary end point was a combination of CV death, MI, and stroke ... At a mean follow-up of 4.9 years, there was a 25% relative risk reduction and a 4.8% absolute risk reduction in the primary composite end point in the REDUCE-IT study"
• Melatonin pretreatment alleviates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by promoting autophagic flux via TLR4/MyD88/MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling - FASEB J 2020 Jul 14 - "Autophagy is an important mechanism for cellular homeostasis and survival during pathologic stress conditions in the kidney, such as ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. In this study, renal IR was induced in female C57BL/6 mice after melatonin administration ... The administration of melatonin resulted in significantly preserved renal function, and the protective effect was associated with ameliorated oxidative stress, limited pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. Moreover, autophagic flux was increased after melatonin administration while the apoptosis levels were decreased in the melatonin-pretreated mice. Using TAK-242 and CRX-527, we confirmed that MyD88-dependent TLR4 and MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling participated in melatonin-induced autophagy in IR mice. Collectively, our results provide novel evidence that antecedent melatonin treatment provides protection for the kidney against IR injury by enhancing autophagy, as regulated by the TLR4/MyD88/MEK/ERK/mTORC1 signaling pathway. Therefore, melatonin preconditioning offers a potential therapeutic approach to prevent renal IR injury related to various clinical conditions" - See melatonin at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Long-term potassium intake and associated renal and cardiovascular outcomes in the clinical setting -  - "High potassium intake has been suggested to lower the risk for renal and cardiovascular outcome ... We performed a retrospective cohort study in 541 outpatient subjects with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >60 mL/min/1.73 m2 who had sampled a 24-h urine collection between 1998 and 1999, and had at least 1 additional collection during a 17-year follow-up ... Average age of subjects was 47 years. Estimated mean potassium intake was 74 mmol/day and remained similar during follow-up. The highest tertile of estimated potassium intake was associated with a significant 76% reduction in renal outcome, and 73% decrease of cerebrovascular events, while no effect for overall cardiovascular outcome was found. A 20-mmol increase in potassium intake during follow-up was associated with a 24% reduction in renal outcome" - See potassium citrate at Amazon.com and potassium citrate at iHerb.com.
• Early Vascular Ageing in Chronic Kidney Disease: Impact of Inflammation, Vitamin K, Senescence and Genomic Damage - Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020 Mar 1 - "Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a clinical model of premature ageing characterized by cardiovascular disease, persistent uraemic inflammation, osteoporosis muscle wasting and frailty. The accelerated early vascular ageing (EVA) process mediated by medial vascular calcification (VC) is a hallmark of senescence as well as a strong predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the CKD population ... An accumulating body of evidence indicates that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage-induced cellular senescence and 'inflammaging' may largely contribute to such pathological conditions characterized by accelerated EVA. Growing evidence shows that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) signalling and vitamin K play a crucial role in counteracting oxidative stress, DNA damage, senescence and inflammaging, whereby NRF2 activation and vitamin K supplementation may provide a novel treatment target for EVA. In this review we discuss the link between senescence and EVA in the context of CKD, with a focus on the role of NRF2 and vitamin K in DNA damage signalling, senescence and inflammaging" - [Nutra USA] - See vitamin K at Amazon.com.
• Metformin May Be of Benefit, Even in Advancing Kidney Disease - Medscape, 4/2/20 - "In patients with advanced CKD, if metformin is used carefully while monitoring, it could be suggested as a treatment [for type 2 diabetes] that can slow the progress of kidney disease as well as [having a] cardiovascular benefit" - See metformin at ReliableRX.
• Impact of curcumin supplementation on expression of inflammatory transcription factors in hemodialysis patients: A pilot randomized, double-blind, controlled study - Clin Nutr. 2020 Mar 13 - "Three months treatment with curcumin in CKD patients undergoing HD resulted in decreased markers of inflammation, NF-kB mRNA expression and hsCRP, suggesting that oral supplementation of curcumin may have an anti-inflammatory effect in this patient group" - See curcumin at Amazon.com.
• The effects of omega-3 fatty acids on diabetic nephropathy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials - PLoS One. 2020 Feb 11 - "Omega-3 fatty acids could help ameliorate proteinuria among type 2 DM who received omega-3 supplementation for at least 24 weeks without adverse effects on HbA1C, total serum cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol" - [Nutra USA] - See omega-3 supplements at Amazon.com.
• High-Protein Diet Is Bad for Kidney Health - Medscape, 2/19/20 - "Given these and other data, it is time to unleash the taboo and make it loud and clear that a high-protein diet is not as safe as claimed, as it may compromise kidney health and result in a more rapid kidney function decline in individuals or populations at high risk of CKD. While more studies are needed to shed greater light, and while we expect that discussion will continue on this and other taboo topics,[17] it is prudent to avoid recommending high-protein intake for weight loss in obese or diabetic patients or those with prior cardiovascular events or a solitary kidney if kidney health cannot be adequately protected."
• Tocotrienol-rich vitamin E improves diabetic nephropathy and persists 6-9 months after washout: a phase IIa randomized controlled trial - Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Dec 25 - "receive Tocovid 200 mg or placebo for 12 weeks ... Patients were reassessed 6-9 months post-washout. After 12 weeks of supplementation, Tocovid significantly decreased serum creatinine levels (mean difference: -3.3 ± 12.6 versus 5.4 ± 14.2, p = 0.027) and significantly increase eGFR (mean difference: 1.5 ± 7.6 versus -2.9 ± 8.0, p = 0.045) compared with placebo ... Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients with low serum vitamin E concentrations at baseline, Tocovid reduced serum creatinine, eGFR, and VCAM-1 significantly. After 6-9 months of washout, persistent difference in serum creatinine remained between groups (mean difference: 0.82 ± 8.33 versus 11.26 ± 15.47, p = 0.031), but not eGFR. Tocovid at 400 mg/day significantly improved renal function in 12 weeks of supplementation, as assessed by serum creatinine and eGFR, which remained significant 6-9 months post-washout" - [Nutra USA] - See Tocovid at Amazon.com.
• Ginsenoside Rg3 Attenuates Angiotensin II-Mediated Renal Injury in Rats and Mice by Upregulating Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 in the Renal Tissue - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Nov 29 - "Angiotensin II- (Ang II-) mediated renal injury represents a major pathogenetic mechanism in most chronic kidney diseases. Our previous research demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) attenuates Ang II elevation in the myocardium in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). It is possible that Rg3 has similar effects in the renal tissue. In this research, we first demonstrated that Rg3 could attenuate Ang II increase in the kidney of SHR and reduce hypertensive nephropathy progression. Then, we found that Rg3 attenuated Ang II increase by upregulating angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the renal tissue. We confirmed this finding in an exogenous Ang II-infused mice model of renal injury, and two models showed consistent results. In conclusion, Rg3 attenuates Ang II-mediated renal injury in rats and mice by upregulating ACE2 in the renal tissue. This research is the first to demonstrate that Rg3 increases tissue ACE2 levels in vivo" - See ginseng at Amazon.com.
• High-Protein Diet Could Be Harmful, Even for Healthy Kidneys - Medscape, 11/27/19 - "Despite the fact that our patients received state-of-the-art drug treatment, we observed a beneficial effect of a low-protein intake on kidney function ... Among the four quartiles of daily protein intake, the prevalence of renal hyperfiltration (defined as an eGFR with residuals > 95th percentile after adjustment for confounders) was significantly higher among those in the highest quartile of protein intake, at 6%, compared with 5.2% among those in the lowest protein intake quartile ... those in the highest quartile of protein intake had a 32% greater risk of experiencing a rapid decline of eGFR per year compared with those in the lowest quartile"
• Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Nutritional Status in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Trial - Nutrients. 2019 Nov 5 - "Zinc supplementation may be beneficial for nutritional status in children and adolescents with CKD" -  See Jarrow Zinc Balance at Amazon.com.
• Preventive Effects of Grape Extract on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice  - Biol Pharm Bull. 2019;42(11):1883-1890 - "Although renal functional parameters in AKI mice significantly increased 48 h after reperfusion, the administration of GE (0.1 and 1 mg/kg, intravenous (i.v.)) 5 min before ischemia dose-dependently improved post-ischemic renal dysfunction in wild-type mice. Renal histopathological studies on AKI mice revealed tubular necrosis, proteinaceous casts in tubuli, and medullary congestion. The administration of GE ameliorated this damage in wild-type mice, but not in eNOS-/- mice. Furthermore, GE significantly restored decreases in the renal nitric oxide metabolite content due to ischemia in wild-type mice, but not in eNOS-/- mice. Thus, eNOS is closely involved in the renoprotective effects of GE, strongly suggesting that GE supplements are useful as a prophylactic treatment for the development of ischemic AKI." - See grape seed extract at Amazon.com.
• Effects of probiotic supplements on the progression of chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis - Nephrology (Carlton). 2018 Dec 18 - "urea level was significantly reduced in probiotics-administrated non-dialysis patients" - See probiotic products at Amazon.com.
  • What Is a Blood Urea Nitrogen Test? - WebMD - "The blood urea nitrogen test, which is also called a BUN or serum BUN test, measures how much of the waste product you have in your blood. If your levels are off the normal range, this could mean that either your kidneys or your liver may not be working properly."
• Caffeine consumption may extend life expectancy for people with kidney disease - Science Daily, 9/12/18 - "Comparing with people that consumed less caffeine, patients that consumed higher levels of caffeine presented a nearly 25% reduction in the risk of death over a median follow-up of 60 months"
• Role of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Protective Effect of Silymarin in Cisplatin-Induced Acute Renal Failure in Rats - Am J Med Sci. 2018 Jan;355(1):76-83 - "There was a significant improvement in kidney function tests and renal histopathology by using silymarin as protective mechanism in cisplatin-induced ARF" - See silymarin at Amazon.com.
• Resveratrol Protects against High-Fat Diet Induced Renal Pathological Damage and Cell Senescence by Activating SIRT1 - Biol Pharm Bull. 2016;39(9):1448-54 - "mice were fed with standard diet, standard diet plus resveratrol, high-fat diet or high-fat diet plus resveratrol for 3 months, and results show that resveratrol treatment prevents high-fat diet induced renal pathological damage by activating SIRT1, a key member in the mammalian sirtuin family that response to calorie restriction life-extension method. This research confirms the potential role of resveratrol in the treatment of renal diseases and may provide an effective and convenient method to mimic the beneficial effects of calorie restriction" - See Reserveage Nutrition - Resveratrol with Pterostilbene 500mg, Cellular Age-Defying Formula, 60 veg capsules at Amazon.com.
• Gut bacteria may contribute to poor health in patients with kidney disease - Science Daily, 5/26/16 - "There has been increasing awareness that the gut microbiota is not only pivotal for human health but is also involved in various disease processes, including obesity and diabetes mellitus ... This study adds evidence that the gut microbiota may likewise be a contributor to the disease burden in patients with a diminished kidney function. Furthermore, this knowledge may pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions by both dietary measures and drugs, thereby hopefully improving the prognosis and quality of life of kidney disease patients" - See probiotic products at Amazon.com.
• Fish Oil-Based Fat Emulsion Reduces Acute Kidney Injury and Inflammatory Response in Antibiotic-Treated Polymicrobial Septic Mice - Nutrients. 2016 Mar 15;8(3) - "one of the septic groups was injected IP with a fish oil-based emulsion (FO), while the other two groups were given either a mixed oil emulsion (MO) or saline (SC) ... Compared to the SC group, the group given the fish oil-based emulsion had decreased plasma NGAL by 22% and Treg by 33%. Furthermore, renal gene expressions of MyD88 and TLR4 reduced by 46% and 62%, respectively, whereas heat shock protein 70 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ increased by 158% and 69%, respectively (p < 0.05), at Day 3 after CLP. These results suggest that administration of a fish oil-based emulsion has favorable effects, maintaining blood T cell percentage, downregulating Treg expression, attenuating systemic and local inflammation and offering renal protection under conditions of antibiotic-treated polymicrobial sepsis" - See fish oil supplements at Amazon.com.
• Curcumin Rescues Diabetic Renal Fibrosis by Targeting Superoxide-Mediated Wnt Signaling Pathways - Am J Med Sci. 2016 Mar;351(3):286-95 - "Curcumin alleviated extracellular matrix accumulation in diabetic nephropathy by not only preventing the diabetes-mediated superoxide synthesis but also resuming downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These findings suggest that regulation of Wnt activity by curcumin is a feasible alternative strategy to rescue diabetic renal injury" - See curcumin products at Amazon.com.
• Should We Target Magnesium Levels in Patients With CKD? - Medscape, 8/14/15 - "Magnesium is a natural calcium antagonist; both human and animal studies have shown that low circulating levels of magnesium are associated with enhanced vascular calcification. In vitro and animal studies have suggested that magnesium plays a protective role through multiple molecular mechanisms ... In summary, a growing evidentiary base suggests that magnesium may be beneficial with respect to vascular calcification and survival in patients with CKD and ESRD. These potential benefits include delay of arterial calcification or reduction in carotid artery intima/media thickness. Observational studies complement these findings, demonstrating that low serum magnesium levels may be an independent risk factor for premature death in patients with CKD, and that patients with mildly elevated serum magnesium levels have lower mortality rates related to noncardiovascular causes" - See Jarrow Formulas, MagMind at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D supplements may benefit children with kidney disease - Science Daily, 6/11/15 - "Five-year kidney survival was 75% in patients with vitamin D levels ≥50 nMol/L at the start of the study and 50% in those with lower levels" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Resveratrol attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury by suppressing inflammation driven by macrophages - Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015 Jan 27 - "Our studies suggest that resveratrol might represent a novel therapeutic agent to prevent and treat sepsis induced AKI" - See ReserveAge Resveratrol Vegetarian Capsules, 500 Mg, 60-Count at Amazon.com.
• Surprising Result Shows Kidney, Mortality Benefits of Niacin - Medscape, 11/21/14 - "The proportion of patients experiencing a rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can be decreased significantly with niacin, as can all-cause mortality ... patients who took niacin had an 11% decreased risk of death ... Niacin has been shown to decrease reactive oxygen species, inflammation, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperphosphatemia, and endothelial dysfunction — all factors associated with a decline in eGFR" - See niacin at Amazon.com.
• N-acetylcysteine prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress elicited in macrophages by serum albumin drawn from chronic kidney disease rats and selectively affects lipid transporters, ABCA-1 and ABCG-1 - Atherosclerosis. 2014 Sep 30;237(1):343-352 - "NAC may contribute to attenuate the deleterious effects of CKD-albumin on lipid accumulation in macrophages helping to prevent atherogenesis in CKD" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
• Low serum potassium concentration is a predictor of chronic kidney disease - Int J Clin Pract. 2014 Jun;68(6):700-704 - "When serum potassium concentration was below 4.0 mmol/l at baseline, hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of developing CKD was 2.65" - See potassium citrate at Amazon.com.
• Does Pomegranate intake attenuate cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysis patients? - Nutr J. 2014 Mar 4;13(1):18 - "Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among hemodialysis (HD) patients ... 101 HD patients were randomized to receive 100 cc of PJ (0.7 mM polyphenols) or matching placebo juice, three times a week for one year ... PJ consumption yielded a significant time response improvement in systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, triglycerides and HDL level; an improvement that was not observed in the placebo intake group. These beneficial outcomes were more pronounced among patients with hypertension, high level of triglycerides and low levels of HDL" - See pomegranate extract at Amazon.com.
• High-Protein Diets, Like the Popular Dr. Dukan Diet, Increase the Risk of Developing Kidney Disease in Rats, Study Suggests - Science Daily, 1/21/14 - "researchers studied 20 Wistar rats, divided into two groups of 10. The first group were fed a high-protein diet of commercial hydrolysed protein supplements with a 45% protein level. The control group were fed a normal protein diet. The experiment lasted 12 weeks, which is the equivalent of 9 years in human terms ... the rats on a high-protein diet lost up to 10% of their body weight over the 12 weeks with no improvement in their plasma lipid profile. Moreover, urinary citrate in these rats was 88% lower and urinary pH was 15% more acidic. In the animals fed a high-protein diet, kidney weight increased by 22%, glomerular area -- the network of capillaries that filter blood in the kidneys -- by 13%, and the mesangium -- a collagen structure surrounded by these capillaries -- by 32% ... Eating large amounts of fruit and vegetables reduces the risk of kidney stones forming -- probably due to their high potassium and magnesium content, which compensates for the acidity of the high-protein diet"
• Mediterranean Diet Good for Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 5/21/13 - "followed 1110 Swedish men (mean age, 70 years), 506 of whom had a glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 ... Median follow-up was 9.9 years ... High adherents were 42% less likely to have kidney disease than low adherents ... high adherence was independently associated with a mortality risk that was 18% lower for every 2-point increase in Mediterranean Diet Score. For subjects with adequate dietary intake, the associations were stronger"
• Hypomagnesemia and Non-recovery of Renal Function in AKI - Medscape, 5/9/13 - "acute kidney injury (AKI) ... Hypomagnesemia was an independent risk factor for non-recovery of renal function in a cohort of critically ill AKI patients" - See magnesium supplements at Amazon.com.
• Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency and the 5-Year Incidence of CKD - Am J Kidney Dis. 2013 Apr 23 - "Our prospective cohort study shows that vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher annual incidence of albuminuria and reduced eGFR and independently predicts the 5-year incidence of albuminuria" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Grape seed and skin extract: A weapon in the fight against kidney disease caused by high-fat diets - Science Daily, 2/28/13 - "Grape seed and skin extract (GSSE) is known to contain powerful antioxidants ... Rats were fed a high-fat diet that induced a low-grade reno-lipotoxicity, that is, kidney damage associated with lipids. This was characterized by elevations in plasma urea and protein in the urine. The researchers found increased deposits of triglycerides (TG) (especially saturated fatty acids), increased signs of oxidative stress and depleted copper levels in the kidneys. There was also histological evidence of disturbance in the kidney structure. When the animals received GSSE at 500 mg/kg bw (which corresponds to 35g/day for a 70 kg human adult) along with the high-fat diet there was a partial reversal of the TG deposition as well as the histological damage. The authors suggest polyphenols including resveratrol are likely the components in GSSE responsible for the positive effects. Furthermore the GSSE prevented the oxidative stress and copper depletion" - See Jarrow Formulas, OPCs + 95 at Amazon.com.
• Fish oil may protect dialysis patients from sudden cardiac death - Science Daily, 2/6/13 - "We found that higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids in the blood of patients who were just starting hemodialysis were very strongly associated with a lower risk of sudden cardiac death over the first year of their treatment ... The five-year survival rate for patients on hemodialysis is 35 percent, with the risk of death highest in the first few months of starting treatment. The most common cause of death in these patients is sudden cardiac death, which accounts for about one out of every four deaths" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• The Effects of n-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Biomarkers of Kidney Injury in Adults With Diabetes: Results of the GO-FISH trial - Diabetes Care. 2012 Dec 28 - "placebo-controlled, two-period crossover trial to test the effects of 4 g/day of n-3 PUFA supplementation on markers of glomerular filtration and kidney injury in adults with adult-onset diabetes and greater than or equal to trace amounts of proteinuria ... These results suggest a potential effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on markers of kidney injury in patients with diabetes and early evidence of kidney disease" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Effect of a High-Protein Diet on Kidney Function in Healthy Adults: Results From the OmniHeart Trial - Am J Kidney Dis. 2012 Dec 4 - "Participants were fed each of 3 diets for 6 weeks. Feeding periods were separated by a 2- to 4-week washout period. Weight was held constant on each diet. The 3 diets emphasized carbohydrate, protein, or unsaturated fat; dietary protein was either 15% (carbohydrate and unsaturated fat diets) or 25% (protein diet) of energy intake ... Compared with the carbohydrate and unsaturated fat diets, the protein diet increased cystatin C-based eGFR by ~ 4 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P < 0.001) ... A healthy diet rich in protein increased eGFR. Whether long-term consumption of a high-protein diet leads to kidney disease is uncertain"
• Vitamin D reduces left atrial volume in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and chronic kidney disease - Am Heart J. 2012 Dec;164(6):902-909.e2 - "Left atrial enlargement, a sensitive integrator of left ventricular diastolic function, is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality ... left atrial volume index (LAVi) ... One hundred ninety-six patients with chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate 15-60 mL/min per 1.73m(2)), mild to moderate left ventricular hypertrophy, and preserved ejection fraction were randomly assigned to 2 μg of oral paricalcitol or matching placebo for 48 weeks ... Over the study period, there was a significant decrease in LAVi (-2.79 mL/m(2), 95% CI -4.00 to -1.59 mL/m(2)) in the paricalcitol group compared with the placebo group (-0.70 mL/m(2) [95% CI -1.93 to 0.53 mL/m(2)], P = .002). Paricalcitol also attenuated the rise in levels of brain natriuretic peptide (10.8% in paricalcitol vs 21.3% in placebo, P = .02) ... Forty-eight weeks of therapy with an active vitamin D analog reduces LAVi and attenuates the rise of BNP. In a population where only few therapies alter cardiovascular related morbidity and mortality, these post hoc results warrant further confirmation" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Curcumin alleviates oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis in remnant kidney through the Nrf2-keap1 pathway - Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012 Nov 23 - "These findings demonstrate that, by modulating Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, the curcumin effectively attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis, which suggest that curcumin hold promising potential for safe treatment of chronic kidney disease" - See curcumin products at Amazon.com.
• Calcium supplementation and kidney stone risk in osteoporosis: a systematic literature review - Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2012 Nov 6 - "According to our results, calcium supplements in the treatment of osteoporosis alone or in combination with another type of treatment does not significantly increase the risk of nephrolithiasis or renal colic"
• Dietary fish oil reduces glomerular injury and elevated renal hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid levels in the JCR:LA-cp rat, a model of the metabolic syndrome - Br J Nutr. 2012 Nov 15:1-9 - "These results suggest a potential role for dietary fish oil to improve dysfunctional renal eicosanoid metabolism associated with kidney damage during conditions of the MetS" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Chronic kidney disease alters intestinal microbial flora - Science Daily, 10/9/12 - "consumption of high-fiber foods and better control of uremia -- a disease common in kidney failure -- by diet and dialysis may improve the composition of gut microbes and the well-being of patients ... They found marked differences in the abundance of some 190 types of bacteria in the gut microbiome of those with kidney disease -- and confirmed the results in a concurrent study of rats with and without chronic kidney disease ... One solution, Vaziri said, is to provide longer, more frequent dialysis treatments. This would let more potassium be removed by dialysis and allow for more potassium in the diet. Alternatively, packaged fiber foods that do not contain potassium could be used as a dietary supplement" - See Garden of Life, RAW Fiber at Amazon.com and probiotic products at Amazon.com.
• Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis May Benefit From Vitamin D - Medscape, 6/22/12 - "Significant protective factors were hemoglobin levels above 12 g/dL and the treatment with oral active vitamin D ... patients receiving oral active vitamin D had significantly better outcomes in terms of avoiding peritonitis over time compared with patients who were not taking it ... oral active vitamin D reduced the risk of developing peritonitis by 57% ... oral active vitamin D was associated with a 54% decreased risk for all-cause death ... The biggest problem in studying the effects of vitamin D, he said, is that it is "too cheap...so there is no company interested in this kind of study. But this should be stimulated by authorities, I think. It's a cheap drug, and probably it is a very valuable one."" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin K, vertebral fractures, vascular calcifications and mortality: Vitamin K Italian (VIKI) dialysis study - J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Jun 12 - "Vitamin K1 deficiency was the strongest predictor of vertebral fractures (OR 2.94 95%CI 1.38-6.26). MK4 deficiency was a predictor of aortic calcification (OR 2.82 95%CI 1.14-7.01), whereas MK5 deficiency actually protected against it (OR 0.38 95%CI 0.15-0.95). MK7 deficiency was a predictor of iliac calcification (OR 1.64 95%CI 1.03-2.60). The presence of vertebral fractures was also a predictor of vascular calcifications (OR 1.76 95%CI 1.00-3.08). Increased alkaline phosphatase and C reactive protein (CRP), age, cerebrovascular events were predictors of mortality. Our study suggests that the vitamin K system may be important for preserving bone mass and avoiding vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients, pointing out a possible role of vitamin K in bone and vascular health" - See vitamin K products at iHerb.
• Antiapoptotic and Antioxidant Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract (GSPE) in Preventing Cyclosporine A-induced Nephropathy - Nephrology (Carlton). 2012 Jan 18 - "The study demonstrates the abilty of GSPE to attenuate cyclosporine nephrotoxicity in rats, via its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties. GSPE is a natural product containing high amounts of polyphenols with known anti-inflammatory properties ... We demonstrated that GSPE prevents CsA nephropathy and that this effect is achieved by antiapoptotic and antioxidant activity. We also achieved a significant recovery in kidney functions without affecting CsA plasma levels" - See grape seed extract at Amazon.com.
• Plasma vitamin C concentrations in patients on routine hemodialysis and its relationship to patients morbidity and mortality Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2011 Jul;81(4):197-203 - "hemodialysis (HD) patients ... Forty-nine patients (53.8 %) had low levels of vitamin C concentration. There was a significant relationship between vitamin C insufficiency and presence of any co-morbidity in HD patients (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in vitamin C concentrations between patients without co-morbidities and those with cardiovascular ones (F[2,88]=3.447, p = 0.036). Twenty-two (24.2 %) patients died over a median duration of 227 days. There was a significant difference in time to death of patients with and without low levels of vitamin C concentration (p = 0.04). Conclusions: The results showed lower plasma vitamin C levels in HD patients who suffered any co-morbidity and sooner time to death in these patients" - See vitamin C products at Amazon.com.
• Fruit, vegetables, fibre and micronutrients and risk of US renal cell carcinoma - Br J Nutr. 2011 Dec 20:1-9 - "Intake of vegetables was associated with a decreased risk of RCC (OR 0.5; 95 % CI 0.3, 0.7; Ptrend = 0.002), (top compared to the bottom quartile of intake). When intake of individual nutrients was investigated, vegetable fibre intake was associated with decreased risks (OR 0.4; 95 % CI 0.2, 0.6; P < 0.001), but this was not the case with fruit fibre (OR 0.7; 95 % CI 0.4, 1.1) or grain fibre (OR 1.0; 95 % CI 0.6, 1.5). β-Cryptoxanthin and lycopene were also associated with decreased risks, but when both were included in a mutually adjusted backwards stepwise regression model, only β-cryptoxanthin remained significant (OR 0.5; 95 % CI 0.3, 0.8). When other micronutrients and types of fibre were investigated together, only vegetable fibre and β-cryptoxanthin had significant trends (P < 0.01) (OR 0.6; 95 % CI 0.3, 0.9) (OR 0.5; 95 % CI 0.3, 0.9), respectively. These findings were stronger in those aged over 65 years (Pinteraction = 0.001). Among non-smokers, low intake of cruciferous vegetables and fruit fibre was also associated with increased risk of RCC (Pinteraction = 0.03); similar inverse associations were found for β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and vitamin C. When nutrients were mutually adjusted by backwards regression in these subgroups, only β-cryptoxanthin remained associated with lower RCC risk"
• Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Reduces Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injuries in Rats - Am J Med Sci. 2011 Nov 16 - "renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) ... GSPE reduced histological renal damage and nuclear factor-κB activity. These results suggest that GSPE reduces renal dysfunction and injury caused by renal I/R" - See grape seed extract at Amazon.com.
• Association of Kidney Function, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Circulating Markers of Mineral and Bone Disorders in CKD - Am J Kidney Dis. 2011 Jul 29 - "25(OH)D deficiency is related independently to impaired mGFR. Both mGFR decrease and 25(OH)D deficiency are associated with abnormal levels of circulating MBD biomarkers" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Long-term dietary antioxidant cocktail supplementation effectively reduces renal inflammation in diabetic mice - Br J Nutr. 2011 Jun 3:1-8 - "Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication for diabetic patients, yet the precise mechanism that underlies the development of diabetic complications remains unknown. We hypothesised that dietary antioxidant supplementation with single N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or vitamin C combined with either vitamin E or vitamin E and NAC improves diabetic renal inflammation through the modulation of blood glucose levels, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Experimental animals were treated with alloxan monohydrate to induce diabetes. Mice were divided into five groups and supplemented with single or a combination of antioxidants. Body weights and blood glucose levels were measured once a week. After 8 weeks of dietary antioxidant supplementation, mice were killed and blood urea N (BUN) and plasma creatinine levels were measured to evaluate renal function. NF-κB protein was indirectly demonstrated by the phosphorylated IκBα (pIκBα) level, and the expressions of oxidative stress- and inflammatory response-related proteins were also determined. We demonstrated that dietary antioxidant supplementation decreased lipid peroxidation levels demonstrated by thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances, BUN and plasma creatinine levels in diabetic kidneys. Moreover, dietary antioxidant cocktail supplementation improved blood glucose levels and selectively regulated the expressions of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, haeme oxygenase-1, pIκBα, inducible NO synthase, cyclo-oxygenase-2 and C-reactive protein in diabetic kidneys effectively. These findings demonstrated that diabetic renal failure was associated with inflammatory responses induced by hyperglycaemia. In addition, results in the study suggest that antioxidant cocktail supplementation may have beneficial effects on diabetic nephropathy through selective reduction of blood glucose levels and inflammatory response" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
• Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid, Ratio of Omega-6 to Omega-3 Intake, Inflammation, and Survival in Long-term Hemodialysis Patients - Am J Kidney Dis. 2011 Jun 7 - "each 1-unit higher ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 intake was associated with a 0.55-mg/L increase in serum CRP level (P = 0.03). In the fully adjusted model, death HRs for the first (1.7-<7.6), second (7.6-<9.3), third (9.3-<11.3), and fourth (11.3-17.4) quartiles of dietary omega-6 to omega-3 ratio were 0.39 (95% CI, 0.14-1.18), 0.30 (95% CI, 0.09-0.99), 0.67 (95% CI, 0.25-1.79), and 1.00 (reference), respectively (P for trend = 0.06) ... Higher dietary omega-6 to omega-3 ratio appears to be associated with both worsening inflammation over time and a trend toward higher death risk in hemodialysis patients"
• A diet with 35 % of energy from protein leads to kidney damage in female Sprague-Dawley rats - Br J Nutr. 2011 May 3:1-8 - "High-protein (HP) diets for weight loss remain popular despite questions surrounding overall safety. In a recent study using the pig model, we showed that long-term intakes from whole proteins at 35 % energy (en %) cause moderate renal histological damage. To examine whether this observation may be species specific or more generalisable, the effect of this diet in rats was examined ... Rats consuming the HP diet had 17 % higher kidney weights (P < 0.0001), three times higher proteinuria (P < 0.0001) and 27 % higher creatinine clearance (P = 0.0012) compared with those consuming the NP diet. Consistent with this, HP-fed rats had larger glomeruli (P < 0.0001) and more glomerulosclerosis (P = 0.0003) compared with NP-fed rats. The HP diet also resulted in altered levels of free monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (P < 0.0001). The histological changes are consistent with those observed in the pig model. In contrast to the pig model, the elevated proteinuria and creatinine clearance observed in the rat model are also usually observed with HP consumption in human subjects. These results indicate that the rat is a useful model for HP effects on the kidney and, along with previous results using the pig model, suggest that long-term intake of high levels of protein may be detrimental to renal health"
• Curcumin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced renal inflammation - Biol Pharm Bull. 2011;34(2):226-32 - "Renal inflammation is the main pathological change in many acute and chronic kidney diseases. Curcumin, a yellow pigment present in the rhizome of turmeric (Curcuma longa L. Zingiberaceae), was found to be a potential anti-inflammatory agent ... The results demonstrated that curcumin could inhibit LPS-induced renal MCP-1 mRNA expression. Curcumin also significantly inhibited the expression of MCP-1 and IL-2 mRNA in HK-2 cells, and partially inhibited the secretion of MCP-1 and IL-8. Furthermore, curcumin was found to inhibit the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. The present study demonstrated that curcumin has a protective effect on LPS-induced experimental renal inflammation, and this effect might be attributed to its inhibitory effects on MCP-1 mRNA expression and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. Hence, curcumin might be potentially useful in some kidney diseases by preventing renal inflammation" - See curcumin products at Amazon.com.
• A Tomato Lycopene Complex Protects the Kidney From Cisplatin-Induced Injury via Affecting Oxidative Stress as Well as Bax, Bcl-2, and HSPs Expression - Nutr Cancer. 2011 Mar 4:1 - "These results suggest that tomato lycopene complex has protective effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and lipid peroxidation in rats" - See Jarrow Lyco-Sorb (contains Lyco-O-Mato) at Amazon.com.
• Consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFA, α-linolenic acid and fish is associated with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease - Br J Nutr. 2011 Jan 24:1-8 - "The highest compared with the lowest quartile of fish consumption was associated with a reduced likelihood of CKD (OR 0.68, 95 % CI 0.48, 0.97; P for trend = 0.02). The present study shows that an increased dietary intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA and fish reduces the prevalence of CKD. Hence, a diet rich in n-3 PUFA and fish could have a role in maintaining healthy kidney function, in addition to roles of these nutrients in the prevention and modulation of other diseases" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Carbohydrate Nutrition Is Associated with the 5-Year Incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease - J Nutr. 2011 Jan 12 - "participants in the 4th quartile of mean dietary GI intake compared with those in the first quartile (reference) had a 55% increased likelihood of having eGFR < 60 mL⋅min(-1)⋅1.73 m(-2) [multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.55 (95% CI = 1.07-2.26); P-trend = 0.01]. After multivariable adjustment, participants in the 4th quartile of dietary cereal fiber intake compared with those in the first quartile (reference) had a 50% reduced risk of incident moderate CKD (P-trend = 0.03). Higher baseline consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor sources of carbohydrate (e.g. cookies) yielded a 3-fold higher risk of incident CKD (P-trend = 0.01). In summary, we observed a novel link between high cereal fiber intake and reduced incidence of moderate CKD and this was supported by the cross-sectional association with dietary GI. Conversely, our data suggest that higher intake of energy-dense, nutrient-poor sources of carbohydrate, potentially through acute hyperglycemia, could impair renal function"
• Pomegranate juice reduces damage to tissues, inflammation and infections, study suggests - Science Daily, 11/19/10 - "[dialysis] patients who drank pomegranate juice experienced reduced inflammation and the damage of oxidative stress caused by free radicals, was minimized. Furthermore, pomegranate juice drinkers were less likely to be hospitalized due to infections ... those who drank pomegranate juice also showed an improvement in cardiovascular risk factors, such as reduced blood pressure, improvement in lipid profile and fewer cardiovascular events, suggesting that they had better heart health" - See pomegranate at Amazon.com.
• Chromium picolinate may lessen inflammation in diabetic nephropathy; Supplement linked to decreased protein in the urine of diabetic mice - Science Daily, 9/22/10 - "mice who received the supplement had lower levels of albuminuria (protein in the urine), an indication of kidney disease ... the treated diabetic mice, who were fed the diet with chromium picolinate, excreted about half as much albumin compared to their untreated diabetic counterparts" - See chromium supplements at Amazon.com.
• Pilot study of probiotic dietary supplementation for promoting healthy kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease - Adv Ther. 2010 Aug 16 - "Oral ingestion of probiotics (90 billion colony forming units [CFUs]/day) was well tolerated and safe during the entire trial period at all sites. BUN levels decreased in 29 patients (63%, P<0.05), creatinine levels decreased in 20 patients (43%, no statistical significance), and uric acid levels decreased in 15 patients (33%, no statistical significance). Almost all subjects expressed a perceived substantial overall improvement in QOL (86%, P<0.05)" - See probiotics at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D deficiency is associated with sudden cardiac death, combined cardiovascular events, and mortality in haemodialysis patients - Eur Heart J. 2010 Aug 5 - "sudden cardiac death (SCD) ... Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D of</= 25 nmol/L] had a 3-fold higher risk of SCD compared with those with sufficient 25(OH)D levels >75 nmol/L [HR: 2.99, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39-6.40]. Furthermore, CVE and all-cause mortality were strongly increased (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.18-2.69, and HR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.22-2.47, respectively), all persisting in multivariate models. There were borderline non-significant associations with stroke and fatal infection while MI and deaths due to heart failure were not meaningfully affected. Conclusion Severe vitamin D deficiency was strongly associated with SCD, CVE, and mortality, and there were borderline associations with stroke and fatal infection" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Long-Term High Intake of Whole Proteins Results in Renal Damage in Pigs - J Nutr. 2010 Jul 28 - "These findings suggest that long-term intakes of protein at the upper limit of the AMDR from whole protein sources may compromise renal health"
• Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Kidney Disease - Am J Kidney Dis. 2010 May 19 - "guidelines suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids should be considered in progressive IgA nephropathy. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease blood pressure, a known accelerant of kidney disease progression" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Omega-3 intakes may improve diabetic kidney health - Nutra USA, 4/12/10 - "Albumin is the most abundant protein in human serum and in people with kidney problems the protein leaks from the kidney into the urine. A level of 30 mg per 24 hours is reportedly representative of sufficient function ... people with a higher average intake of omega-3s had albumin excretion levels 22.7 mg per 24 hours lower than people with the lowest average intakes of omega-3" - [Abstract] - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Dietary intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and diabetic nephropathy - cohort analysis of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) - Diabetes Care. 2010 Mar 31 - "In a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, we observed a lower mean UAER [difference 22.7 mg/24 hr (95% CI 1.6, 43.8)] in the top vs. bottom third of dietary n-3 LC-PUFAs, but found no association with incident albuminuria ... Dietary n-3 LC-PUFAs appear inversely associated with the degree, but not with the incidence of albuminuria in type 1 diabetes" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Pine bark extract may benefit blood pressure-related kidney health - Nutra USA, 3/5/10 - "55 hypertensive patients to participate in the randomized, controlled study. Subjects were assigned to receive Ramipril [an ACE inhibitor] (10 mg per day), and 29 of these people were randomly selected to also receive Pycnogenol (150 mg per day) ... After six months in the Ramipril-only group the albumin levels decreased by 26 per cent to 64 mg per 24-hour period, while additional Pycnogenol produced levels that averaged 39 mg per 24-hour period, equivalent to a 57 per cent decrease ... Statistically significant decreases in patients’ blood pressure were also observed, with systolic and diastolic blood pressures dropping by more than 30 and 8 per cent, respectively in the Ramipril-only group, and by a further 3 to 6 per cent in the combination group ... Diastolic and systolic blood flow improved by 8 and 12 per cent, in the combination group" - [Abstract] - See Pycnogenol at Amazon.com.
• Kidney flow and function in hypertension: protective effects of pycnogenol in hypertensive participants--a controlled study - J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Mar;15(1):41-6 - "evaluated the effects of Pycnogenol as an adjunct to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitor ramipril treatment of hypertensive patients presenting with early signs of renal function problems. One group of 26 patients was medicated with 10 mg ramipril per day only; a second group of 29 patients took Pycnogenol in addition to the ACE inhibitor over a period of 6 months ... Urinary albumin decreased from 87 +/- 23 to 64 +/- 16 mg/d with ramipril only. Additional Pycnogenol lowered albumin significantly better from 91 +/- 25 to 39 +/- 13 mg/day (P < .05). In both groups, serum creatinine was lowered; however, only in the combination treatment group did the effect reached statistical significance. In both groups, CRP levels decreased from 2.1 to 1.8 with ramipril and from 2.2 to 1.1 with the ramipril-Pycnogenol combination; the latter reached statistical significance. Kidney cortical flow velocity was investigated by Doppler color duplex ultrasonography. Both systolic and diastolic flow velocities increased significantly after 6 months medication with ramipril. The addition of Pycnogenol to the regimen statistically significantly further enhanced kidney cortical flow velocities, by 8% for diastolic flow and 12% for systolic flow, relative to values found for the group taking ramipril only" - See Pycnogenol at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D deficiency likely among some kidney disease patients starting dialysis - Science Daily, 2/25/10
• Risks from low potassium in heart failure patients with chronic kidney disease - Science Daily, 2/22/10 - "In findings reported in January in Circulation: Heart Failure, a journal of the American Heart Association, the researchers say that even a mild decrease in serum potassium level increased the risk of death in this patient group ... Hypokalemia, or low potassium, is common in heart-failure patients and is associated with poor outcomes, as is chronic kidney disease ... Death occurred in 48 percent of the patients with hypokalemia during the 57-month follow-up period, compared with only 36 percent of patients with normal potassium. The vast majority of subjects, 87 percent, had mild hypokalemia" - See potassium citrate at Amazon.com.
• Fish-oil supplement has neutral effects on vascular and metabolic function but improves renal function in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus - Diabet Med. 2010 Jan;27(1):54-60 - "serum creatinine was lower (-4.5 mumol/l, P = 0.01) in fish-oil-treated patients as compared with control subjects" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Omega-3 may boost kidney health in diabetics: Study - Nutra USA, 2/3/10 - "Our results showed a significant decrease in serum creatinine level after fish-oil supplement in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Lack of Exercise Linked to Increased Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 10/19/09
• Ascorbic Acid for Anemia Management in Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis - Am J Kidney Dis. 2009 Sep 22 - "Combining the 3 randomized clinical trials involving patients with baseline hemoglobin levels <11 g/dL, change in hemoglobin level was greater for ascorbic acid use compared with standard care (WMD, 0.9 g/dL; 95% CI, 0.5-1.2 g/dL). Compared with standard care, ascorbic acid use also was associated with a statistically significant decrease in rHuEPO dose (WMD, -17.1 U/kg/wk; 95% CI, -26.0 to -8.2 U/kg/wk) and improvement in transferrin saturation (WMD, 7.9%; 95% CI, 5.2-10.5%), with no change in ferritin concentration"
• The effects of [omega]3 fatty acids and coenzyme Q10 on blood pressure and heart rate in chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial - J Hypertens. 2009 Sep;27(9):1863-72 - "patients were randomized to either omega3FA (4 g), CoQ (200 mg), both supplements or control (4 g), daily for 8 weeks ... omega3FA, but not CoQ, reduced 24-h ambulatory heart rate (P<0.0001) and blood pressure ... omega3FA reduced triglycerides 24%" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• The effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on urine protein excretion and kidney function: meta-analysis of clinical trials - Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Apr 29 - "The dose of n-3 LCPUFAs ranged from 0.7 to 5.1 g/d, and the median follow-up was 9 mo. In the pooled analysis, there was a greater reduction in UPE in the n-3 LCPUFA group than in the control group: Cohen's d for all trials was -0.19 (95% CI: -0.34, -0.04; P = 0.01). In a patient with 1 g UPE/d , this corresponds to a reduction of 190 mg/d. Effects on GFR were reported in 12 trials. The decline in GFR was slower in the n-3 LCPUFA group than in the control group, but this effect was not significant (0.11; 95% CI: -0.07, 0.29; P = 0.24)" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D Benefits Dialysis Patients - Medscape, 4/1/09 - "Over-the-counter vitamin D supplementation improves serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysis, without raising serum calcium or phosphorus levels ... Studies in healthy patients have provided supplementation up to 10,000 IU a day with no observed adverse effects" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• High Dietary Fibre Intake Associated With Decreased Inflammation in Chronic and Non-Chronic Kidney Disease Patients - Doctor's Guide, 3/30/09 - "when compared with patients in the high dietary fibre intake group, those in the low intake group had significantly increased odds of inflammation in both the CKD and non-CKD subgroups ... In the low fibre intake group, CKD patients showed 51% inflammation versus 37% in the high intake group (P < .05). The non-CKD population showed 29% inflammation with low fibre intake versus 20% with high intake"
• Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalent in Children With Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 3/5/09 - "The prevalence of deficiency in this contemporary study group was 39%"
• N-acetylcysteine versus AScorbic acid for Preventing contrast-Induced nephropathy in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography NASPI study-a prospective randomized controlled trial - Am Heart J. 2009 Mar;157(3):576-583 - "High-dose NAC seems more beneficial than ascorbic acid in preventing contrast-induced renal function deterioration in patients, especially diabetic patients, with renal insufficiency undergoing coronary angiography" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
• Chewing Chitosan-Loaded Gum Reduces Phosphate Levels in ESRD Patients - Medscape, 2/16/09 - "Chewing chitosan-loaded gum twice daily can significantly decrease salivary phosphate and serum phosphate levels in hemodialysis patients and may help improve treatment for hyperphosphatemia ... At week 1, the patients’ salivary phosphate levels had decreased from 73.21 to 52.02 mg/dL (P < .01), and serum levels decreased from 7.60 to 5.38 mg/dL (P < .00001). After 2 weeks, salivary phosphate levels were reduced to 33.19 mg/dL (P < .00001) and serum levels decreased to 5.25 mg/dL" - See chitosan products at iHerb.
• Protective Effect of Quercetin against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats - Pharm Bull. 2009 Jan;32(1):61-7 - "Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic widely used in treating severe gram-negative infections. However, its clinical use is limited by its nephrotoxicity ... Histopathological examination of GM-treated rats revealed degenerative changes in glomeruli and tubules. On the other hand, simultaneous administration of quercetin plus gentamicin protected kidney tissues against nephrotoxic effects of gentamicin as evidenced from amelioration of histopathological changes and normalization of kidney biochemical parameters" - See quercetin at Amazon.com.
• Dietary trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reduces Early Glomerular Enlargement and Elevated Renal Cyclooxygenase-2 Levels in Young Obese fa/fa Zucker Rats - J Nutr. 2008 Dec 23 - "Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) slows the progression of disease in models of chronic kidney disease ... To examine specific isomer effects, study 2 used the same model with the following diets: 0.4% (g/g) cis-9, trans-11 (c9,t11) CLA; 0.4% trans-10, cis-12 (t10,c12) CLA; a combination of these 2 isomers (0.4% each); or CTL diets with no CLA. In study 1, fa/fa rats given the CLA mixture had 11% smaller kidney weights and 28% smaller glomeruli, and feed intake and body weight did not differ from the CTL rats. In study 2, diet also did not affect body weights, but fa/fa rats given a diet containing t10,c12 CLA had 7% lower kidney weights, 20% smaller glomeruli, and 39% lower COX-2 protein levels than CTL rats. In conclusion, dietary t10,c12 CLA reduces the enlargement of glomeruli in young obesity-associated nephropathy and is associated with lower protein levels of renal COX-2" - See conjugated linoleic acid at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin B1 Could Reverse Early-stage Kidney Disease In Diabetes Patients - Science Daily, 12/8/08 - "the team show 300 mg of thiamine taken orally each day for three months reduced the rate of albumin excretion in type 2 diabetes patients. The albumin excretion rate was decreased by 41% from the value at the start of the study. The results also showed 35% of patients with microalbuminuria saw a return to normal urinary albumin excretion after being treated with thiamine ... were randomly assigned a placebo or 3 x 100mg tablets of thiamine a day for three months"
• Diabetes Patients: Fish May Help Kidneys - WebMD, 11/4/08 - "fish consumption lowers abnormal levels of protein in the urine in people with diabetes ... Abnormal amounts of protein appear in the urine when the kidneys are damaged; it's a key indicator of kidney disease ... Leslie Spry, MD, a kidney specialist in Lincoln, Neb., who serves as a National Kidney Foundation spokesman, says he typically doesn't tell patients to eat more fish but recommends fish oil supplements to control triglycerides (blood fats)" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D and glucose metabolism in chronic kidney disease - Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2008 Nov;17(6):566-72 - "Vitamin D therapy holds promise for improving health outcomes in chronic kidney disease. Improved glucose metabolism is one potential mechanism through which vitamin D may exert beneficial effects" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Oral active vitamin D is associated with improved survival in hemodialysis patients - Kidney Int. 2008 Jul 16 - "Our study shows that hemodialysis patients receiving oral active vitamin D had a survival advantage inversely related to the vitamin dose" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D Promising Against IgA Nephropathy - Medscape, 6/3/08 - "The patients were given oral calcitriol 0.5 mcg twice weekly for 12 weeks. The team found a progressive decrease in urine protein-creatinine ratio from 1.98 g/g to 0.81 g/g during the first 6 weeks. This persisted throughout the study period ... There was a simultaneous decrease in serum TGF-beta level, and the percentage of decrease in serum TGF-beta level significantly correlated with percentage of change in proteinuria" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D Linked to Reduced Mortality Rate in Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 5/7/08 - "For patients with moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (CKD), treatment with activated vitamin D may reduce the risk of death by approximately one-fourth" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
• Kidney damage after renal ablation is worsened in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (-/-) mice and improved by combined administration of L-arginine and antioxidants - Nephrology (Carlton). 2008 Jun;13(3):218-27 - "A combination of L-arginine and antioxidant treatment ameliorated renal damage"
• Calcitriol May Improve Survival in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 2/25/08
• N-Acetylcysteine prevents ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats - Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Feb 18 - "NAC markedly reduces the severity of renal dysfunction induced by ifosfamide with a significant decrease in elevations of serum creatinine (57.8+/-2.3 vs 45.25+/-2.1 mumol l(-1)) as well as a reduced elevation of beta(2)-microglobulin excretion (25.44+/-3.3 vs 8.83+/-1.3 nmol l(-1)) and magnesium excretion (19.5+/-1.5 vs 11.16+/-1.5 mmol l(-1)). Moreover, NAC significantly improved the ifosfamide-induced glutathione depletion and the decrease of glutathione S-transferase activity, lowered the elevation of lipid peroxides and prevented typical morphological damages in renal tubules and glomeruli" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
• Before A CT Scan Or Angiogram, Many People Should Take Inexpensive Drug To Protect Kidneys - Science Daily, 2/18/08 - "The inexpensive drug, called N-acetylcysteine, can prevent serious kidney damage that can be caused by the iodine-containing "dyes" that doctors use to enhance the quality of such scans ... N-acetylcysteine is already widely used to clear mucus in cystic fibrosis patients, and to treat overdoses of acetaminophen" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
• Effect of green tea on kidney tubules of diabetic rats - Br J Nutr. 2008 Feb 6;:1-8 - "It has been documented that green tea (GT) and its catechin components improve renal failure and inhibit the growth of mesangial cells ... GT treatment significantly (P < 0.01) reduced the serum glucose, glycosylated protein, serum creatinine and blood urea N levels by 29.6 (sem 3.7), 22.7 (sem 5.2), 38.9 (sem 10) and 41.7 (sem 1.9) %, respectively ... the GT-treated group showed a significant 44 (sem 10.8) % higher creatinine clearance (Ccr) ... GT reduced the urea N, creatinine, glucose and protein excretion rates by 30 (sem 7.6), 35.4 (sem 5.3), 34.0 (sem 5.3) and 46.0 (sem 13.0) % compared with the 12 weeks diabetic group. Administration of GT to 12 weeks diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.001) prevented (99.98 (sem 0.27) % less) the accumulation of glycogen in the kidney tubules. These results indicate that in STZ diabetes, kidney function appears to be improved with GT consumption which also prevents glycogen accumulation in the renal tubules, probably by lowering blood levels of glucose. Therefore, GT could be beneficial additional therapy in the management of diabetic nephropathy" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Renoprotective action of l-carnitine in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome - Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007 Dec 17 - "l-carnitine (CA) administration ... The benefits of CA in this model suggest the therapeutic use of CA to counter the kidney changes associated with metabolic syndrome" - See l-carnitine at Amazon.com.
• Protective Effects of Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Extract on KBrO3-Induced Kidney Damage in Mice - J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Dec 20 - "bilberry extract reduced the degree of oxidative stress and kidney damage induced by KBrO 3. These findings demonstrate that the protective effect of bilberry extract is attributed to its free radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect" - See bilberry at Amazon.com.
• Guanidino Compounds After Creatine Supplementation in Renal Failure Patients and their Relation to Inflammatory Status - Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007 Nov 29 - "Specific guanidino compounds have been described as uraemic toxins and their concentrations are increased in renal failure due to dimished glomerular filtration, whereas the guanidino compound creatine is used as a performance-enhancing substance in athletes. The present study investigates the effects of creatine supplementation on plasma guanidino compounds in a chronic haemodialysis population ... Patients were treated with creatine (2 g/day) or placebo during two treatment periods of 4 weeks ... Upon creatine supplementation, guanidinoacetate concentrations decreased by 15%, due to inhibition of creatine synthesis. Concentrations of alpha-keto-delta-guanidinovaleric acid increased three-fold and argininic acid concentrations doubled" - See creatine at Amazon.com.
• Effect of Curcumin on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Cisplatin-Induced Experimental Nephrotoxicity - J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Nov 15 - "curcumin has a protective effect on cisplatin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity, and this effect is attributed to its direct anti-inflammatory and strong antioxidant profile. Hence, curcumin has a strong potential to be used as a therapeutic adjuvant in cisplatin nephrotoxicity" - See curcumin products at Amazon.com.
• Chronic green tea extract supplementation reduces hemodialysis-enhanced production of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, atherosclerotic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Nov;86(5):1539-47 - "Catechins reduce hemodialysis-induced production of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorous acid, atherosclerotic disease risk factors, and proinflammation" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Metabolic effects of two low protein diets in chronic kidney disease stage 4 5 a randomized controlled trial - Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007 Nov 2 - "in CKD patients a protein intake of 0.55g/kg/day, compared with a 0.8g/kg/day, guarantees a better metabolic control and a reduced need of drugs, without a substantial risk of malnutrition"
• Fish oil attenuates adrenergic overactivity without altering glucose metabolism during an oral glucose load in haemodialysis patients - Br J Nutr. 2007 Nov 1;:1-7 - "Fish oil decreases adrenal activation induced by mental stress and has an insulin sensitizing effect in healthy subjects ... Fish oil supplementation blunted both re-increase in thermogenic response and concomitant increase in plasma epinephrine, but not in plasma norepinephrine, over the last 2 h of the experiment. Fish oil did not alter either whole-body glucose metabolism or substrate oxidation. These data show that in haemodialysis patients, fish oil attenuates adrenal overactivity induced by oral glucose but does not modulate whole-body glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity"
• Relationship between vitamin D and muscle size and strength in patients on hemodialysis - J Ren Nutr. 2007 Nov;17(6):397-407 - "Treatment with active vitamin D was associated with greater muscle size and strength in this cohort of HD patients"
• Serum levels of folate and cobalamin are lower in depressed than in nondepressed hemodialysis subjects - J Ren Nutr. 2007 Sep;17(5):343-9 - "As with the general population, lower serum folate, RBC folate, and serum cobalamin levels were found in depressed as compared to nondepressed subjects on HD. Plasma levels of these vitamins may be one of many factors related to depression, but larger studies with stronger designs are needed to confirm the results of this study"
• Gamma-tocopherol and docosahexaenoic acid decrease inflammation in dialysis patients - J Ren Nutr. 2007 Sep;17(5):296-304 - "gamma tocopherol (308 mg) and DHA (800 mg) ... In the treatment group, but not in the placebo group, there were significant decreases in IL-6 (21.4 +/- 3.5 to 16.8 +/- 3.7 pg/mL), white blood cell (WBC) count (7.4 +/- 0.3 to 6.9 +/- 0.4 10(3)/microL), and neutrophil fraction of WBCs (4.8 +/- 0.3 to 4.4 +/- 0.3 10(3)/microL), at P < .05 for all"
• Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis patients - Kidney Int. 2007 Aug 8 - "Compared to patients with the highest 25D or 1,25D levels who received therapy, untreated deficient patients were at significantly increased risk for early mortality"
• Effect of n-3 fatty acids on nutritional status and inflammatory markers in haemodialysis patients - Nephrology (Carlton). 2007 Aug;12(4):331-6 - "There was a significant increase in EPA (P = 0.01) after treatment, and there was a significant decrease in inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF-alpha, P = 0.0001) after supplementation in the tested group ... A dietary regime with fish oil could be used in dialysis patients to slow down the development of atherosclerosis and improve nutritional parameters"
• Effects of folic acid and vitamin B complex on serum C-reactive protein and albumin levels in stable hemodialysis patients - Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Jun 29 - "Folic acid and vitamin B complex co-administration effectively lowers tHcy and hs-CRP levels and increases albumin levels in stable hemodialysis subjects, underscoring their potential benefit to attenuate the state of inflammation and possibly improve the nutritional status in patients on hemodialysis"
• Diabetics With Kidney Disease Lack Vitamin D - Doctor's Guide, 6/5/07 - "Diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease have insufficient levels of vitamin D compared to their non-diabetic counterparts, both before and after treatment, suggesting increased vitamin D supplementation may be necessary in diabetic patients who have chronic kidney disease"
• Fish Oil May Help Kidney Disease Sufferers - Science Daily, 4/30/07 - "daily doses of fish oil in the form of a tablet or liquid had been shown to decrease inflammation - a common problem in people with kidney disease" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin D Insufficiency and Deficiency in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease: the Role and Effect of Vitamin D Analogues on Survival - Medscape, 3/30/07
• Vitamin D and outcomes in chronic kidney disease - Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2007 Mar;16(2):77-82 - "Data currently suggests that the administration of vitamin D confers a survival benefit to patients on dialysis. There is no clear mechanism, however, to explain this association"
• Folic acid 5 or 15 mg/d similarly reduces plasma homocysteine in patients with moderate-advanced chronic renal failure - Nephrology (Carlton). 2006 Apr;11(2):137-41
• Severe vitamin D deficiency in chronic renal failure patients on peritoneal dialysis - Clin Nephrol. 2006 Oct;66(4):247-55 - "Vitamin D deficiency is more common in DM-CRF patients than in non-DM-CRF patients. Our findings suggest that these patients should be considered for vitamin D supplementation"
• Carnitine Treatment Improved Quality-of-Life Measure in a Sample of Midwestern Hemodialysis Patients - JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2006 Jan-Feb;30(1):10-5 - "24 weeks of IV carnitine therapy, SF-36 scores were improved and erythropoietin doses were reduced in hemodialysis patients, relative to the control group" - See l-carnitine at Amazon.com.
• Effects of Herbal Supplements on the Kidney - Medscape, 11/14/05
• Hemodialysis Causes Antioxidant Loss Leading to Long-Term Complications - Doctor's Guide, 4/8/05 - "the hemodialysis process can cause loss of these necessary antioxidants"
• Vitamin D Injections May Significantly Improve Survival In Dialysis Patients - Science Daily, 3/11/05 - "At the end of the two-year study period, 76 percent of those receiving any form of activated vitamin D were still alive, compared with 59 percent of those not receiving the therapy"
• Dialysis Patients: Longer Lives With Vitamin D? - WebMD, 3/1/05 - "vitamin D injections, given to patients with kidney failure, results in a significantly reduced risk of death compared to those who do not receive the treatment"
• Preventing Kidney Disease? - Dr. Weil, 1/28/05
• No Difference between N-Acetylcysteine and Fenoldopam for Thwarting Contrast-Induced Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide, 11/8/04 - "A randomized study failed to show a significant difference in the ability of oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and intravenous fenoldopam (FEN) to prevent the deterioration in renal function"
• Vitamin D Insufficiency and Deficiency in Chronic Kidney Disease. A Single Center Observational Study - Am J Nephrol. 2004 Sep 22;24(5):503-510 - "In the group undergoing maintenance hemodialyis, we found that 97% of the patients had vitamin D levels in the suboptimal range ... vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are highly prevalent in patients with CKD and may play a role in the development of hyperparathyroidism"
• Soy Benefits Type 2 Diabetes - WebMD, 8/3/04 - "Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure.  The earliest sign of this complication is small amounts of protein in urine ... Those who added the soy protein powder to their diets had a 10% reduction in protein found in urine ... the soy protein supplement boosted "good" HDL cholesterol by 4%" - [Abstract]
• Innovative Research and Applications for CoQ10 - Life Extension Magazine, 8/04 - "biomedical researchers are discovering that CoQ10 shows promising effects against disorders as far-ranging as kidney failure, heart disease, muscular dystrophy, and macular degeneration"
• The role of fish oil/omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of IgA nephropathy - Semin Nephrol. 2004 May;24(3):225-43 - "treatment for 2 years with a daily dose of 1.8 g of EPA and 1.2 g of DHA slowed the progression of renal disease in high-risk patients" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com.
• Intravenous administration of vitamin B12 in the treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia associated with end-stage renal disease - J Nephrol. 2003 Jul-Aug;16(4):535-9 - "Our results suggest that ESRD patients on dialysis have 'B12 resistance', and that they should have, in addition to their FOL therapeutic regimen, i.v. B12 treatment to reduce their elevated tHcy levels"
• Can Broccoli Prevent Lupus? - WebMD, 11/6/03 - "I3C is believed to act as an anti-estrogen ... I3C-fed mice had far fewer kidney problems than the mice whose diets were not supplemented, and researchers say this is the reason that they lived much longer. Kidney disease is one of the main, life-threatening complications of lupus" - See iHerb I3C products.
• Vitamin B12 Improves Homocysteine Levels and Lipid Profiles in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/6/03 - "During Phase 1, patients were prescribed oral doses of folic acid 5 mg/day and vitamin B12 0.6mg/day. Through out Phase 2, participants were given intravenous doses of vitamin B12 1mg every other day in addition to folic acid 5 mg/day ... By the completion of the study, patients exhibited significantly lower serum tHcy (29.4 verses 21.1 mg/dL), total cholesterol (222 verses 196 mg/dL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (139 versus 109 mg/dL). Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels increased significantly among the participants"
• Benefits of fish oil supplementation for hemodialysis patients - J Am Diet Assoc. 2003 Sep;103(9):1174-7 - "One study indicated that pruritus symptoms improved with fish oil supplementation, but not with supplementation with two other oils. In a study designed to determine whether fish oils could prevent vascular access graft thrombosis, graft patency rates were approximately 76% in the fish oil and approximately 15% in the placebo group (P>.03). In a pilot study, subjects given fish oil required 16% less erythropoietin and experienced a 3.6% increase in serum albumin levels"
• Vitamin E supplementation increases LDL resistance to ex vivo oxidation in hemodialysis patients - Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2003 Jul;73(4):290-6 - "Since oral vitamin E supplementation prevents oxidative stress and significantly increases LDL resistance to ex vivo oxidation, supplementation by natural antioxidants such as vitamin E may be beneficial in hemodialysis patients"
• Thiol-Containing Antioxidant Shows Promise in Preventing Contrast Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide, 8/25/03 - "Treatment with acetylcysteine, a thiol-containing antioxidant, shows promise in preventing contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic renal insufficiency"
• Does High Cholesterol Harm Your Kidneys? - Dr. Weil, 8/22/03 - "apparently healthy men with low HDL (high density lipoprotein), the “good” cholesterol, and high LDL (low density lipoprotein) or “bad” cholesterol and triglycerides have twice the normal risk of reduced kidney function ... You can raise HDL by increasing exercise, drinking alcohol moderately, and eating only healthy fats (monounsaturates such as olive oil and omega-3s from sources like salmon and sardines). Taking prescription statin drugs also will help, although I prefer natural alternatives such as red rice yeast"
• Coenzyme Q10 Beneficial for People with Kidney Failure - New Hope Natural Media, 7/17/03
• N-Acetyl Cysteine Prevents Kidney Damage from Coronary Procedure - New Hope Natural Media, 5/1/03 - "Up to 15% of people undergoing coronary angiography may experience kidney damage from the contrast dye ... randomly assigned to receive either 600 mg of oral NAC twice a day on the day before and the day of the procedure or a similar looking placebo ... Only 4% of those taking NAC, compared with 12% of those taking the placebo, experienced a 25% increase in blood creatinine within 48 hours of receiving the contrast dye" - See iHerb NAC products.
• Vitamin C Reduces Oxidant Stress In Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 3/26/03 - "The acute administration of vitamin C reduces oxidant stress in renal failure, and improves nitric oxide-mediated resistance-vessel dilatation ... In addition, vitamin C was found to increase the dilator response to acetylcholine in resistance vessels"
• High-Protein Diets Can Hurt Kidneys - WebMD, 3/17/03
• Remember Sodium? We're Still Getting Too Much - Intelihealth, 3/14/03 - "High sodium levels also raise the risk of osteoporosis and kidney problems"
• Cardiovascular End Points Reduced With Antioxidant Acetylcysteine In Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 2/28/03 - "They were assigned to receive either acetylcysteine 600 mg twice daily or a placebo ... Primary end point was a composite variable composed of cardiac events that included fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, death from cardiovascular disease, necessity for either coronary angioplasty or by-pass surgery, ischaemic stroke, peripheral vascular disease requiring amputation or need for angioplasty ... A primary end point was established in 18 of the 64 [28%] haemodialysed patients who received acetylcysteine, and 33 of 70 [47%] patients undergoing haemodialysis assigned to the control group" - [Abstract] - See iHerb acetyl-l-cysteine products.
• Acetylcysteine for Prevention of Acute Deterioration of Renal Function Following Elective Coronary Angiography and Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial - JAMA, 2/5/03 - "Acetylcysteine protects patients with moderate chronic renal insufficiency from contrast-induced deterioration in renal function after coronary angiographic procedures, with minimal adverse effects and at a low cost" - See iHerb acetyl-l-cysteine products.
• Shining a Light on the Health Benefits of Vitamin D - New York Times, 1/28/03 - "His proudest accomplishments, he says, include discoveries that show how activated vitamin D can be used to treat osteoporosis, kidney failure and psoriasis"
• Acetylcysteine Can Reduce Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Endstage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/1/02 - "therapy with acetylcysteine appears to significantly reduce cardiovascular events among haemodialysis patients" - See iHerb acetyl-l-cysteine products.
• Acetylcysteine Prevents Renal Problems After Angiography - Doctor's Guide, 3/18/02 - "Changes in creatinine mean values after 48 hours were -0.4 (+/-0.3) and +0.1 (+/-0.3) mg/dL for treatment and control groups, respectively (p<0.001). The benefit was larger in patients with baseline creatinine levels higher than 2 mg/dL, at -0.4 (+/-0.4) compared to +0.5 (+/-0.3) mg/dL (p<0.001)"
• Calcium Supplementation Prevents Bone Loss in Renal Transplant Patients - Doctor's Guide, 5/13/01

Other News:

• Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 4/7/23 - "oncologists likely underestimate the risk of atrial fibrillation when new cancer drugs come to market, ... the annualized incidence rate of AF ranged from 0.26 cases per 100 person-years ― about the same as placebo ― to 4.92 cases, a nearly 20 times' higher risk ... Rates were the highest for ibrutinib, clofarabine, and ponatinib"
• Rosuvastatin Again Linked With Risks to Kidneys - Medscape, 7/20/22 - "The most potent statin on the market, rosuvastatin has been linked with excess risk for kidney damage compared with atorvastatin in case reports and small trials, but there has been little surveillance of the issue following its approval in 2003 ... Users of rosuvastatin had an 8% higher risk for hematuria, a 17% higher risk for proteinuria, and a 15% higher risk for kidney failure with replacement therapy compared with those on atorvastatin"
• Protective Effect of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation on the Renal Function in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - Am J Cardiol 2022 Apr 6 - "During a mean follow-up period of 34 ± 27 months, sinus rhythm was maintained in 36 patients (80%) after 1.7 ± 0.8 ablation procedures. The eGFR significantly decreased from baseline to 3 months (p <0.01) and from baseline to 1 year (p <0.01) in the control group, whereas the eGFR in the ablation group was maintained both from baseline to 3 months (p = 0.94) and from baseline to 1 year (p = 1.00) after the CA. The change in the eGFR between baseline and 12 months was significantly smaller in the ablation group than in the control group (p <0.01). After logistic regression analysis, CA of AF was the independent predictor of an improvement of eGFR (odds ratio 2.81"
• Long-term use of blood pressure drugs may cause kidney damage, study suggests - Science Daily, 1/12/22 - "the researchers found, long-term use of drugs that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system, such as ACE inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers, have a similar effect. These drugs are widely used for many purposes, including treating high blood pressure, congestive heart failure and heart attacks, as well as to prevent major heart problems. But long-term use of the drugs was associated with hardened kidney vessels in both lab mice and humans, the scientists found"
• IL-6 Levels Tied to Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 6/14/21 - "those patients with the highest IL-6 levels in the upper tertile had a faster and worse progression [of diabetic kidney disease] ... Indeed, compared to patients in the lowest IL-6 baseline tertile, those in the highest IL-6 tertile had a more than 3.5-fold greater risk of progressing to the primary endpoint on multivariate analysis ... we encourage the use of SGLT-2 inhibitors [in this patient population] as they appear to have a promising future in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease"
• FDA Approves Dapagliflozin (Farxiga ) for Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 4/30/21 - "Dapagliflozin was approved in 2014 to improve glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus, and approval was expanded in 2020 to include treatment of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction ... during a median of 2.4 years, treatment with dapagliflozin led to a significant 31% relative reduction compared with placebo in the study's primary outcome, a composite that included at least a 50% drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) compared with baseline, end-stage kidney disease, kidney transplant, renal death, or cardiovascular death ... Dapagliflozin treatment also cut all-cause mortality by a statistically significant relative reduction of 31%, and another secondary-endpoint analysis showed a statistically significant 29% relative reduction in the rate of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalization." - See dapagliflozin at reliablerxpharmacy.com.
• Stopping RAS inhibitors tied to worse outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease - Science Daily, 12/29/20 - "Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RAS inhibitors), including both ACE inhibitors (ending in 'pril') and ARBs (ending in 'sartan'), are common medications for the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, heart failure and CKD ... Small-scale studies have suggested that stopping RAS inhibitors in these patients may improve kidney function and delay the need for kidney replacement therapy ... Comparing morbidity and mortality rates in patients whose treatment was discontinued with those who continued the drug regimen, the researchers found that discontinuing these medications was associated with an eight percent lower risk of requiring kidney replacement therapy ... However, discontinuing was also linked to a thirteen percent higher risk of death at five years, and a twelve percent higher risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke"
• Carotid intima-media thickness and markers of brain health in a bi-racial middle-aged cohort: CARDIA Brain MRI Sub-study - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 Feb 23 - "cerebral blood flow (CBF) ... This study suggests that lower CBF in middle-age is associated with markers of atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries. This association may reflect early long-term exposure to traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Early intervention on atherosclerotic risk factors may modulate the trajectory of CBF as people age and develop brain pathology"
• Popular heartburn medication linked to chronic kidney disease - Washington Post, 1/11/16- "When they studied the records of more than 10,000 people treated in community-based settings, the researchers found a 20 percent to 50 percent greater risk of the onset of chronic kidney disease among users of the drugs than those who did not take them. The association also turned up when they examined the records of more than 248,000 people treated in a Pennsylvania hospital system ... The link to kidney disease did not appear when the researchers looked at medications such as Zantac and Pepcid, which combat heartburn in a different way, by blocking histamine production in the cells that line the stomach"
• Treating a common gum condition could reduce risk of heart attacks in kidney disease patients - Science Daily, 4/1/16 - "more than 85% of people with CKD have inflammatory gum problems, caused by inadequate removal of dental plaque from between the tooth and gum margin and made worse by impaired immunity and wound healing. Experts have identified that bacteria in the mouth can enter the bloodstream through periodontal conditions, causing blood cells to malfunction and leading to clots and narrowing of the arteries"
• Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of chronic kidney disease in people with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a nationwide longitudinal cohort study - Diabet Med. 2014 Oct 14 - "Compared with people not taking any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in 2007, those who were taking such drugs for at least 90 days in 2007 had a higher risk of chronic kidney disease development (adjusted hazard ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.21-1.36). In subgroup analyses, those people (irrespective of age, sex, various comorbidities and use of anti-hypertensive drugs, aspirin or acetaminophen) who were taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for at least 90 days were more likely to develop chronic kidney disease than people who were not taking any non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug"
• ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use and Mortality in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Nov 6 - "A logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the propensity of ACEI/ARB initiation in 141,413 US veterans with non-dialysis CKD previously unexposed to ACEI/ARB treatment ... inverse probability treatment weighing (IPTW) ... ACEI/ARB administration was associated with significantly lower risk of mortality both in the intention-to-treat analysis (HR=0.81; 95%CI: 0.78-0.84, p<0.001) and in the as-treated analysis with IPTW (OR=0.37; 95%CI: 0.34-0.41, p<0.001)"
• Lowering salt intake improves heart, kidney health of chronic kidney disease patients - Science Daily, 11/7/13 - "The LowSALT CKD study represents the first blinded randomized controlled trial comparing a high vs low salt intake in people with CKD ... compared the effects of a high salt diet (180 to 200 mmol/day) vs a low salt diet (60 to 80 mmol/day) maintained for two weeks each in a random order in 20 patients with CKD. (Dietary guidelines recommend limiting sodium to less than 100 mmol -- which is 2300 mg or one teaspoon -- per day.) ... on average, low salt intake reduced excess extracellular fluid volume by 1 liter, lowered blood pressure by 10 /4 mm Hg, and halved protein excretion in the urine, without causing significant side effects ... She was particularly impressed with the 50% reduction in protein excretion in the urine. "If maintained long-term, this could reduce risk of progression to end-stage kidney disease -- where dialysis or transplant is required to survive -- by 30%."" - Note:  Some studies show low sodium diets have increased mortality but I've never seen a study that said that it was with people who already had kidney disease.
• Clear association between ACE inhibitors, acute kidney injury - Science Daily, 11/6/13 - "ACE inhibitors and related drugs known as angiotensin receptor antagonists (ARAs or 'sartans') are the second most frequently prescribed medicines in UK clinical practice, and are used to treat common conditions such as high blood pressure, heart disease and kidney problems, especially in people with diabetes ... They compared the admission rates for acute kidney injury to English hospitals with the prescribing rates of ACE inhibitors and ARAs. From 2007/8 to 2010/11, there was a 52 per cent increase in acute kidney injury admissions. During this same period of time, there was an increase in the number of prescriptions for ACE inhibitors and ARAs issued by GP surgeries by 16 per cent ... The results show a clear association between the increase in prescriptions and the increase in hospital admissions" - Note:  It sounds like they call ARBs ARAs in England.  From what I've read, I don't think that kidney problem exists with telmisartan (an ARB).
• L-thyroxine Dampens Renal Function Decline in CKD With SCH - Medscape, 6/19/13 - "In patients with stage 2 to 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) with L-thyroxine appeared to dampen the rate of decline in renal function ... studied 113 patients with stable CKD who were treated at their center with L-thyroxine for subclinical hypothyroidism and who had data for at least 24 months before and after THRT ... mean age of 63, and 32% were men ... The patients received L-thyroxine (Synthyroid, Bukwang Pharmacy) at a dose needed to normalize serum TSH levels. The usual starting dose was 25 µg/day and was increased as needed until the patient attained a normal serum TSH level ... On average, before the patients received THRT, eGFR declined by 4.31 mL/min/1.73 m2 each year, but after they received THRT, this slowed significantly, to a decline of 1.08 mL/min/1.73 m2 each year" - Note:  I throw studies like this in because it would make sense that it might also reduce the decline in kidney function with normal aging.
• Decreased kidney function leads to decreased cognitive functioning, study finds - Science Daily, 11/19/12
• Periodontal Disease and Decreased Kidney Function in Japanese Elderly - Am J Kidney Dis. 2011 Oct 14 - "periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) ... During the 2-year follow-up (2003-2005), 45 participants (14.2%) developed decreased kidney function. The highest PISA quartile was associated significantly with a greater cumulative incidence of decreased kidney function (OR, 2.24; 95% CI, 1.05-4.79) than the referent group (the other 3 quartiles) after adjusting for covariates"
• Metabolic syndrome may cause kidney disease - Science Daily, 8/19/11 - "A patient is diagnosed with the syndrome when he or she exhibits three or more of the following characteristics: high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat in the waist/abdomen, low good cholesterol, and higher levels of fatty acids (the building blocks of fat) ... People with metabolic syndrome have a 55% increased risk of developing kidney problems, especially lower kidney function, indicative of kidney disease"
• Large waist doubles risk of kidney disease mortality, study finds - Science Daily, 7/13/11 - "For kidney disease patients, a large belt size can double the risk of dying"
• New procedure to eliminate scarring in kidney surgeries - Science Daily, 7/1/11
• Lymphocyte count indicates prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma, researchers find - Science Daily, 5/18/11
• Drug effective in treating kidney disease in diabetic patients, study suggests - Science Daily, 4/21/11
• Anti-aging hormone Klotho may prevent complications in chronic kidney disease, research suggests - Science Daily, 2/18/11
• New way to prevent infections in dialysis patients - Science Daily, 1/26/11
• Inhibition of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) protects pancreatic β-cells - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Nov 24 - "Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) have been linked to the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. AGEs may induce β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis, another complication of diabetes ... Inhibition of RAGE prevented AGE-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis, but could not restore the function of glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in rat islets. In summary, the results of the present study demonstrate that AGEs are integrally involved in RAGE-mediated apoptosis and impaired GSIS dysfunction in pancreatic β-cells. Inhibition of RAGE can effectively protect β-cells against AGE-induced apoptosis, but can not reverse islet dysfunction in GSIS"
• Cholesterol drug shows benefits for kidney patients, study suggests - Science Daily, 11/27/10
• Protein in the urine: A warning sign for cognitive decline - Science Daily, 11/21/10 - "low amounts of albumin in the urine, at levels not traditionally considered clinically significant, strongly predict faster cognitive decline in older women ... participants with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of >5 mcg/mg at the start of the study experienced cognitive decline at a rate 2 to 7 times faster in all cognitive measures than that attributed to aging alone over an average 6 years of follow-up"
• Effects of telmisartan added to Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on mortality and morbidity in hemodialysis patients with chronic heart failure a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Nov 16;56(21):1701-8 - "In hemodialysis patients, CHF is responsible for a high mortality rate ... At 3 years, telmisartan significantly reduced all-cause mortality (35.1% vs. 54.4%; p < 0.001), cardiovascular death (30.3% vs. 43.7%; p < 0.001), and hospital admission for CHF (33.9% vs. 55.1%; p < 0.0001). With Cox proportional hazards analysis, telmisartan was an independent determinant of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32 to 0.82; p < 0.01), cardiovascular mortality (HR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.61; p < 0.0001), and hospital stay for deterioration of heart failure (HR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.51; p < 0.0001). Adverse effects, mainly hypotension, occurred in 16.3% of the telmisartan group versus 10.7% in the placebo group" - Note:  It makes me wonder if similar effects on mortality might be seen in people without kidney disease.  See my telmisartan as a first line treatment page.
• Gout drug benefits kidney disease patients, analysis finds - Science Daily, 6/10/10
• Proteinuria May Help Predict Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 2/16/10
• Rapamycin may be potential treatment for kidney disease - Science Daily, 1/25/10
• Small amounts of lead may damage children's kidneys - Science Daily, 1/11/10
• Kidney Function Decline Increases Risk Of Heart Failure And Premature Death - Science Daily, 11/5/09 - "Among 4,378 eligible participants in the study, those with rapid kidney decline (1,083 patients) demonstrated a 32% increased risk of experiencing heart failure, a 48% increased risk of having a heart attack, and a 67% increased risk of developing peripheral arterial disease ... Patients whose kidney function dropped by more than 5.6% per year demonstrated a 30% increased risk of developing heart disease and a 22% increased risk of dying prematurely compared to patients with stable kidney function"
• Diet Sodas May Be Hard on the Kidneys - WebMD, 11/2/09 - "Women who drank two or more diet sodas a day had a 30% drop in a measure of kidney function during the lengthy study follow-up ... Thirty percent is considered significant ... Put another way: the women who drank two or more diet sodas a day had a decline in their glomerular filtration rate, a measure of kidney function, of 3 milliliters per minute per year. ''With natural aging, kidney function declines about 1 mL per minute per year after age 40"
• Impaired Kidney Function Linked To Cognitive Decline In Elderly - Science Daily, 9/29/09 - "poor kidney function, assessed at the beginning of the study, was linked with a more rapid rate of decline in cognition over the next several years – not in visuospatial ability or perceptual speed, but in three specific areas: episodic, semantic and working memory ... The rate of decline in cognition was equivalent to that of a person seven years older at baseline"
• Association of Kidney Function With Coronary Atherosclerosis and Calcification in Autopsy Samples From Japanese Elders: The Hisayama Study - Am J Kidney Dis. 2009 Sep 16 - "The autopsy findings presented here suggest that CKD is associated significantly with severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Patients with CKD should be considered a high-risk population for advanced coronary atherosclerosis"
• Chronic Kidney Disease Linked To Malfunctioning Mitochondria - Science Daily, 8/23/09
• Fresh Meats Often Contain Additives Harmful To Kidney Disease Patients - Science Daily, 7/23/09
• New Approach To Screening For Serious Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 7/7/09
• Low Blood Sugar: Killer For Kidney Disease Patients? - Science Daily, 5/7/09
• More Pills, Less Quality Of Life For Kidney Patients - Science Daily, 5/7/09
• Can Kidney Disease Cause Cancer? - Science Daily, 4/30/09
• Low Creatinine Levels Linked to Diabetes - Medscape, 3/13/09 - "The multiple-adjusted odds ratio for those who had serum creatinine between 0.40 and 0.60 mg/dL was 1.91 compared with those who had levels between 0.71 and 0.80 mg/dL"
• Drug Combination Reduces Kidney Disease Risk In Diabetics - Science Daily, 3/1/09
• Kidney Disease Affects Response To Blood Thinner - Science Daily, 3/1/09
• Hypertension Drug Dramatically Reduces Proteinuria In Kidney Disease Patients - Science Daily, 2/22/09 - "patients taking 128 mg of candesartan experienced more than a 33% reduction in proteinuria compared with those receiving 16 mg candesartan by the end of the study. This reduction was in addition to the reduction in proteinuria that the patients would have had when they first started taking candesartan at 16 mg daily"
• Healthy People With High Urinary Protein Levels Have Elevated Kidney Disease Risk - Science Daily, 2/12/09 - "individuals with high urinary protein levels are at high risk for losing their kidney function and needing dialysis or a kidney transplant. The higher the level of proteins in the urine, the higher the risk of needing dialysis or a kidney transplant and the more rapid the rate of kidney function decline"
• Commonly Used Measure of Chronic Kidney Disease Found Not Cost-Effective - Doctor's Guide, 1/29/09
• Blood Pressure Test Reveals Heart Disease Risk In Patients With Early Stages Of Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 1/28/09
• Blood And Urine Protein Predicts Chronic Kidney Disease Progression - Science Daily, 1/28/09
• Kidney Donors’ Life Spans Not Shortened - WebMD, 1/28/09
• New Form Of Intravenous Iron Treats Anemia In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients On Dialysis - Science Daily, 1/28/09
• Impaired Kidney Function Raises Risk Of Heart Problems In The Elderly - Science Daily, 1/22/09
• Phosphorus-lowering Drugs Linked To Lower Mortality In Dialysis Patients - Science Daily, 12/17/08
• Diabetes Drug Shows Potential For Treating One Cause Of Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 12/16/08
• New Equation Provides More Accurate Estimates Of Kidney Function - Science Daily, 11/18/08
• Overnight Hemodialysis Dramatically Improves Survival, Study Shows - Science Daily, 11/8/08
• People Who Develop Kidney Stones Are At Increased Risk For Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 11/8/08
• Chronic Kidney Disease Increased Sharply In The United States In Past Decade - Science Daily, 10/8/08 - "A 30 percent increase in chronic kidney disease over the past decade has prompted the U.S. Renal Data System (USRDS) to issue for the first time a separate report documenting the magnitude of the disease, which affects an estimated 27 million Americans and accounts for more than 24 percent of Medicare costs"
• High Blood Pressure Takes Big Toll On Small Filtering Units Of The Kidney - Science Daily, 9/19/08
• Healthy People With Elevated Levels Of Uric Acid Are At Risk Of Developing Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 9/17/08 - "Elevated uric acid levels in the blood indicate an increased risk of new-onset kidney disease ... it may be appropriate to prescribe uric acid–lowering drugs, such as allopurinol and probenecid, to these otherwise healthy individuals ... individuals in the slightly elevated uric acid group were 1.26 times as likely to develop kidney disease as those in the low uric acid group. The odds of developing kidney disease among volunteers in the elevated uric acid group were 1.63 times greater than that of individuals in the low uric acid group"
• Fatty Liver Linked To Increased Risk Of Diabetic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 5/29/08 - "For patients with type 2 diabetes, a condition called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may be an important risk factor for diabetes-related chronic kidney disease (CKD)" - See my liver disease page for way to reduce the risk of NAFLD.
• Telmisartan is more effective than losartan in reducing proteinuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy - Kidney Int. 2008 May 21 - "telmisartan is superior to losartan in reducing proteinuria in hypertensive patients with diabetic nephropathy, despite a similar reduction in blood pressure" - Just one more reason I feel telmisartan should be the first line treatment for hypertension if natural methods such as coenzyme Q10 don't work.  See telmisartan at OffshoreRx1.com.
• Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, or Both for Patients With Proteinuria? A Best Evidence Review - Medscape, 5/20/08 - "Most significantly, the addition of ACEIs to ARBs reduced proteinuria to a greater degree than ARBs alone (ratio of means 0.76 at 1 to 4 months and 0.75 at 5 to 12 months). Combination therapy was also superior to treatment with ACEIs alone ... The 2 important conclusions that can be drawn from this meta-analysis are that ARBs are not superior to ACEIs in improving proteinuria, and that the combination of these 2 treatments appears superior in this outcome compared with either treatment alone ... Two of the biggest safety concerns regarding the combination therapy include the risks for hyperkalemia and acute worsening of renal function. A review of the literature, however, suggests that these risks may not be significantly worse with combination treatment vs monotherapy"
• Creatinine Increase In Elderly Means Increased Renal Disease, Mortality, Study Shows - Science Daily, 4/15/08
• Uric Acid May Provide Early Clues To Diabetic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 3/18/08
• ACE Inhibitors vs ARBs in HTN and in CKD - Medscape, 1/4/08 - "In the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD), concludes the other study, which is a meta-analysis, ACE inhibitor and ARB monotherapy are similarly effective at reducing proteinuria, but a combination of the two angiotensin-2-suppressing drugs works better than either agent individually [2]. But a blanket recommendation to combine them would be premature, according to the authors, because there is little evidence that the combination would improve clinical outcomes over monotherapy, and the safety of such combination therapy is largely undefined"
• Periodontal Disease Is Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease - Medscape, 1/30/08 - "subjects with periodontal disease and those who were edentulous were nearly twice as likely to have CKD (adjusted odds ratios, 1.60 and 1.85, respectively)"
• Breakdown Of Kidney's Ability To Clean Its Own Filters Likely Causes Disease - Science Daily, 1/29/08
• ACE Inhibitors or ARBs in Hypertension? In Chronic Kidney Disease? - Medscape, 1/17/07 - "ARBs and ACE inhibitors were similarly effective at lowering proteinuria, ARBs were more effective than calcium-channel blockers, and a combination of ARBs and ACE inhibitors was more effective than either agent alone"
• The effect of losartan on hemoglobin concentration and renal outcome in diabetic nephropathy of type 2 diabetes - Kidney Int. 2007 Dec 19 - "Compared with placebo, losartan treatment was associated with a significant decrease of hemoglobin, with the largest between-group difference at 1 year. After adjustment, there were significant relative risk reductions for losartan compared with placebo for ESRD and for ESRD or death regardless of the baseline hemoglobin even in those patients with a baseline hemoglobin below 120 g l(-1). Hence, the renoprotective properties of losartan were maintained despite a significant lowering of the hemoglobin concentration"
• Blood Pressure Drugs: Is Timing Key? - WebMD, 12/13/07 - "The study was small, involving just 32 patients with chronic kidney disease taking more than one blood pressure medication ... When the patients switched just one of their blood pressure drugs from morning to bedtime, 28 experienced normalization of nighttime blood pressure patterns within eight weeks ... Most patients also showed decreases in protein levels in their urine indicative of better kidney function"
• Pioglitazone Lowers Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients with Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 12/12/07
• Existing Drugs Show Promise For Treating End-stage Renal Disease In Lupus - Science Daily, 11/27/07
• New Way To Detect Lupus-associated Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 11/25/07
• Thiazolidinediones: A novel class of drugs for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy? - Kidney Int. 2007 Dec;72(11):1301-1303 - "Miyazaki et al. report that rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer and a potent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist, not only effectively improves glycemic control but also halts progression of albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients with early-stage diabetic nephropathy. These findings could offer a new prevention of diabetic nephropathy in insulin-resistant diabetic patients"
• Drug May Limit Radiation Kidney Damage In BMT Patients - Science Daily, 11/14/07
• Atorvastatin Helps Protect Kidneys in SPARCL Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/12/07 - "Treatment of stroke patients with atorvastatin can preserve kidney function in patients with or without chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes"
• Chronic Kidney Disease Rises While Most People With The Condition Remain Unaware - Science Daily, 11/9/07
• Adding Carvediol Therapy Prevents Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/6/07
• 13% of Americans Have Kidney Disease - WebMD, 11/6/07 - "Thirteen percent of Americans now have chronic kidney disease, up 3% over the last decade, mostly due to higher rates of diabetes and high blood pressure ... A recent CDC report on the same NHANES data suggested that 17% of Americans have chronic kidney disease. Coresh and colleagues came up with a lower number because the CDC analysis included people with earlier signs of kidney disease, while the Coresh team counted only those with persistent kidney disease"
• Rosiglitazone May Increase Mortality Among Diabetic Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 11/5/07
• Renoprotection provided by losartan in combination with pioglitazone is superior to renoprotection provided by losartan alone in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy - Kidney Blood Press Res. 2007;30(4):203-11 - "Renoprotection conferred by losartan combined with pioglitazone is superior to that conferred by losartan alone in subjects with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. The combination is generally well tolerated"
• Genzyme Says FDA OKs Renvela for Dialysis Patients - Medscape, 10/22/07
• Double Cardiovascular Benefit For People With Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 10/5/07
• Higher Death Rates in Kidney Patients With Newly Recognized Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/1/07
• Kidney Dialysis Best After Dark? - WebMD, 9/19/07
• Lowering Homocysteine Levels Does Not Improve Outcomes For Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 9/11/07
• Rosiglitazone decreases albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients - Kidney Int. 2007 Sep 5 - "The percentage decrease in albuminuria correlated with the decrease in fasting plasma glucose ... Our study indicates that thiazolidinediones may be useful to prevent nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients"
• ACE Inhibitors, ARBs Improve Survival in Heart Failure Patients With Kidney Disease - Medscape, 7/6/07
• Telmisartan Staves Off Overt Diabetic Nephropathy - Medscape, 6/27/07 - "During a mean follow-up of 1.3 years, transition rates to overt nephropathy were significantly lower with telmisartan 40 mg (22.6%) and telmisartan 80 mg (16.7%) than with placebo (49.9%)"
• Telmisartan May Help Preserve Renal Function in Patients With Hypertension, Diabetes - Medscape, 6/1/07 - "In patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes, telmisartan and ramipril both may help preserve cardiovascular and renal function by increasing nitric oxide (NO) activity of the renal endothelium"
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease - Am Heart J. 2007 Jun;153(6):1064-73 - "The inhospital use of either an ACE-I or ARB was associated with significantly reduced 30-day mortality (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.59) after adjusting for multiple risk factors. Similarly, the discharge prescription of either an ACE-I or ARB was associated with a significant reduction in adjusted 1-year mortality ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and ARB are underused in patients with heart failure with chronic kidney disease"
• ACE Inhibitors May Slow Progression of IgA Renal Disease - Medscape, 5/24/07
• Novel ARB Provides Greater Reductions in Proteinuria in Diabetics With Overt Nephropathy - Medscape, 5/22/07 - "One year of treatment with the novel angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) telmisartan provided greater reductions in proteinuria when compared with losartan, a drug approved for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy to prevent renal-disease progression"
• Early Treatment With ACE Inhibitors Urged To Reduce Long-Term Dialysis Risk - Science Daily, 5/21/07 - "For young patients with the kidney disease IgA nephropathy (IgAN), early treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors can reduce the long-term risk of irreversible kidney damage"
• ACE Inhibitors Help Preserve Kidney Function in IgA Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide, 5/16/07
• Treating hypertension in the patient with overt diabetic nephropathy - Semin Nephrol. 2007 Mar;27(2):182-94 - "The renoprotective and proteinuria-decreasing effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers recommend these agents as the standard of care in type 2 diabetic nephropathy"
• Statins Linked to Lower Risk of Infection in Kidney Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/10/07
• Do statins have a beneficial effect on the kidney? - Medscape, 1/4/07 - "Statins appear to have a small beneficial effect on the rate of kidney function decline (particularly in patients with cardiovascular disease), and proteinuria"
• High-normal Uric Acid Linked With Mild Cognitive Impairment In The Elderly - Science Daily, 1/3/07 - "older people with serum (blood) uric-acid levels in the high end of the normal range are more likely to process information slowly and experience failures of verbal and working memory ... Higher levels of uric acid are linked with known risk factors for dementia, including high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, Type 2 diabetes and the "metabolic syndrome" of abdominal obesity and insulin resistance"
• NICE Recommends Mimpara(R) (Cinacalcet) for Treatment of a Serious Complication of Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/6/06
• ACE Inhibitors Reduce Kidney Disease Risk in Diabetics with High Blood Pressure - Doctor's Guide, 11/2/06 - "Taking an ACE inhibitor, alone or as part of the combination treatment, provided further protection against diabetic kidney disease"
• Obesity May Up Risk of Kidney Failure - WebMD, 5/22/06
• Fosrenol Significantly Reduces Tablet Burden for End-Stage Renal Disease Patients With Hyperphosphatemia and Improves Patient and Physician Satisfaction, a New Study Reports - Doctor's Guide, 4/21/06
• Lipitor Demonstrates Improvement in Kidney Function in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease - Doctor's Guide, 3/13/06 - "Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and elevated cholesterol who took Pfizer Inc's cholesterol- lowering medicine Lipitor (atorvastatin calcium) experienced improved kidney function, and those improvements were significantly greater among patients taking the highest dose (80 mg)"
• Concern Over Rapid Rise Of Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 3/13/06 - "This figure has doubled over the past decade and is expected to continue to rise by 5-8% annually ... The rise in end stage renal disease worldwide probably reflects the global epidemic of type 2 diabetes and the ageing of the populations in developed countries"
• While Incidence of Acute Renal Failure Rises, Risk Of Death Declines - Doctor's Guide, 2/28/06
• Lipid Marker Linked to Worsening of Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 1/6/06
• New Kidney Disease Drug Saves Lives At Low Cost - Science Daily, 12/3/05
• New Higher Dose Formulation of Fosrenol (lanthanum carbonate) Approved to Reduce Serum Phosphorus in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/28/05
• Results Encouraging with Interferon Alpha Plus Iressa (Gefitinib) or Gleevec (imatinib mesylate) in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma - Doctor's Guide, 11/22/05
• Sevelamer May Be Better than Calcium Carbonate for Treating Hyperphosphataemia in Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/16/05
• Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Effective Against Anaemia of Chronic Kidney Disease, But Potentially Dangerous in Higher Doses - Doctor's Guide, 11/14/05
• StaphVAX Reduces Recurrent Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteraemia in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/14/05
• Fosrenol Has Long-Term Safety and Efficacy in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Treated for up to 6 Years - Doctor's Guide, 11/14/05
• Atorvastatin Improves Inflammatory State of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/14/05
• Frequent Use of NSAIDs and COX-2 Inhibitors in the Elderly Can Lead to Rapid Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/14/05
• Low-Dose Epoetin Beta Offers Improved Renal Anaemia Management for Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/11/05
• Citrate-containing Dialysate an Option for Chronic Dialysis Patients Unable to Receive Anticoagulants - Doctor's Guide, 11/11/05
• Long-Term Exposure to Warfarin Associated with Aortic Valve Calcification in Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/11/05
• Study Finds Patients with Moderate to Severe Chronic Kidney Disease Go Undiagnosed - Doctor's Guide, 11/10/05
• New Publication Demonstrates Long-Term Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Fosrenol - Doctor's Guide, 10/24/05
• Adults with CKD Not Receiving Proper Tests - Physician's Weekly, 10/10/05
• Nocturnal Dialysis Improves Heart Disease In Patients With End-stage Kidney Failure - Science Daily, 10/1/05
• Mayo Researchers Explore Reasons for Complications With Kidney Failure Patients - Doctor's Guide, 8/16/05
• Many with Chronic Kidney Disease Don't Receive Recommended Medical Care - Doctor's Guide, 8/4/05
• Dialysis Treatment Choice Affects Risk of Death in End-Stage Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 8/2/05
• Odds of Hospitalization Appear Lower for Patients Treated with Doxercalciferol Compared to Calcitriol: Presented at WCN - Doctor's Guide, 7/12/05
• New machines offer kidney dialysis at home - MSNBC, 7/11/05
• Lanthanum Carbonate Appears to Reduce Serum Phosphorus Levels in Patients With End Stage Renal Disease Without Compromising Bone Health: Presented at WCN - Doctor's Guide, 7/11/05
• Long-Term Data Finds Lanthanum Carbonate to Have Strong Safety Profile in Patients With End Stage Renal Disease: Presented at WCN - Doctor's Guide, 7/11/05
• Discovery May Prevent Life-threatening Wasting Disease In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 6/10/05
• FDA Approves Zemplar (Paricalcitol) Capsules For Earlier Treatment Of Kidney Disease Complication - Doctor's Guide, 5/27/05
• Cardiovascular Risk Factors Could Indicate Kidney Problems - Doctor's Guide, 5/12/05 - "While generalized atherosclerosis (hardening of arteries and blood vessels) has been increasingly recognized as a cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a recent study of over 8,500 patients discovered that this same disease also affects renal function in those who do not suffer from ESRD"
• New in Vitro Data Show Fosrenol May Have Greater Phosphate Binding Affinity than Sevelamer Hydrochloride - Doctor's Guide, 5/5/05
• Hemodialysis Causes Antioxidant Loss Leading To Long-term Complications - Science Daily, 4/26/05
• New Data Shows Telmisartan (Micardis/Pritor) Provides Effective and Well-Tolerated Blood Pressure Lowering in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/4/05
• Science waking up to while-you-sleep dialysis - USA Today, 3/25/05
• High Phosphate Levels Linked to Increased Mortality Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 1/19/05
• Few Americans Are Aware They Have Chronic Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 12/29/04 - "Kidney disease can be well advanced before it's found with creatinine alone ... People with chronic kidney disease are at high risk for premature death, heart attacks and strokes as well as hypertension, anemia, bone disease and malnutrition"
• American Society of Nephrology Renal Week 2004 - Medscape, 11/30/04
• First Human Trial Of Bioartificial Kidney Shows Promise For Acute Renal Failure - Science Daily, 11/9/04
• Preventing Diabetes-Related Kidney Disease - WebMD, 11/3/04
• Liquid Amphotericin B Treatment Safe Alternative Treatment in Kidney Dysfunction - Doctor's Guide, 11/3/04
• Epoetin Alfa Shows Impressive Results for Anemia Correction in Pre-Dialysis Kidney Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/1/04
• Specialized Care Provides Edge for Patients with Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/1/04
• Simvastatin Demonstrates Benefits in Patients With Chronic Renal Insufficiency - Doctor's Guide, 11/1/04
• IV Sodium Ferric Gluconate Complex Tops Oral Iron in Anemic Kidney Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/1/04
• Innovative Program Improves Coronary Risk Factors in Kidney Disease Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/1/04
• FDA Approves Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) To Reduce Phosphate Levels In End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/27/04
• Kidney Problems, Heart Failure Deaths Linked - WebMD, 10/19/04
• Chronic Kidney Failure Climbing Rapidly in U.S. - WebMD, 10/8/04
• Studies Strengthen Kidney And Heart Disease Link - Science Daily, 9/29/04
• Even Modest Kidney Disease Ups Heart Risk - WebMD, 9/22/04
• Atorvastatin Improves Renal Function in Patients With CHD - Medscape, 7/2/04 - "In 704 patients not treated with statins, mean decrease in CrCl was 5.2% (P < .001). In 97 patients receiving various statins as part of their usual care, CrCl increased by 4.9% (P = .003). In 783 structured care patients receiving atorvastatin, CrCl increased by 12%"
  • Recognizing the Impact of Anemia-related Fatigue in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - jcaremanagement.com - "Mild CKD patients are defined as those having CrCl of 50-89 mL/min. Moderate CKD patients are defined as those having a CrCl of 25-49 mL/min. Advanced CKD patients are defined as those having a CrCl of less than 25 mL/min"
• Why Is Hypertension in Chronic Kidney Disease Treated Differently than Other Hypertension? - Doctor's Guide, 4/30/04
• Treatment for Kidney Disease Complication - Physician's Weekly, 4/5/04
• Intensified Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Slows Renal Disease Progression - Doctor's Guide, 4/1/04
• Osteoarticular Complications Common in Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 3/16/04
• FDA Approves of Sensipar (Cinacalcet HCl) for Treatment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism - Doctor's Guide, 3/9/04
• FDA Approves New Kidney Disease Drug [Sensipar] - Intelihealth, 3/9/04
• Patients Give More Favourable Ratings to Peritoneal Dialysis Than to Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 2/11/04
• Combination Therapy Important for Management of Diabetic Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 12/29/03
• New Non-Surgical Risk Factors Identified for Primary Access Failure in End Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 12/11/03
• Peritoneal Dialysis May Offer Longer-Term Survival Than Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 12/5/03
• Elevated C-reactive Protein Level Predicts Ischaemic Heart Disease in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 12/2/03
• Care Questioned For Dialysis Patients - Intelihealth, 12/2/03
• Dialysis in High-risk Patients Appears to Have Limited Effect on Survival - Doctor's Guide, 11/27/03
• No Direct Evidence of Short- or Long-Term Complications Found with Intravenous Iron Therapy - Doctor's Guide, 11/21/03
• Long-Acting Epoetin Safely Treats Anaemia in Elderly or Diabetic Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/21/03
• Cinacalcet Might Put More Dialysis Patients on Target for Parathyroid Hormone - Doctor's Guide, 11/19/03
• Cinacalcet HCl Is Safe and Effective for Secondary Hyperparathroidism in Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/18/03
• Once-Monthly Darbepoetin Alfa Protects Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease From Anaemia - Doctor's Guide, 11/18/03
• Sevelamer Saves Bone in Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/17/03
• Cystatin C Finds Those at Risk for Later Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 11/18/03
• Paricalcitol Safely and Effectively Treats Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/17/03
• Fenofibrate Slows Renal Decline in Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 11/17/03
• At-Home Dialysis An Effective Option for More Patients With Advanced Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/13/03
• Cockroft-Gault Formula Best Tool for Evaluating Renal Function in Diabetes Patients - Doctor's Guide, 10/27/03
• Anaemia in Diabetics Often Unrecognised, Undetected, and Untreated - Doctor's Guide, 10/16/03 - "Although anaemia is a key indicator of renal disease, a significant complication caused by diabetes, most diabetics are not tested for anaemia and remain unaware of an association between anaemia and kidney disease ... reduced quality of life was evident by reports of being down or depressed (21%), very down or depressed (17%), or feeling frustrated (17%)"
• Calcium Acetate Treatment Causes Hypercalcemia and Vascular Calcification in Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 10/9/03
• Haemofiltration Benefits Chronic Renal Failure Patients Undergoing Coronary Procedures - Doctor's Guide, 10/3/03
• Zaleplon Improves Sleep Quality In Patients on Maintenance Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 10/3/03
• Continent Urinary Reconstruction For Severe Bladder Dysfunction Safe, Effective In Pediatric Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/1/03
• Multidisciplinary, Timely Preparation of Patients to Enter End Stage Renal Disease May Improve Mortality - Doctor's Guide, 9/30/03
• High-Dose Furosemide Increases Urine Volume and Electrolyte Excretion in Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients Without Affecting Urea, Creatinine Clearance - Doctor's Guide, 9/28/03
• Isolation and Dedicated Equipment May Be Unnecessary For Hepatitis C Infected Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 9/25/03
• Epoetin-Sparing Effect Not Associated With Dialyser Membrane Type In Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 9/25/03
• Study: Pain Killers Do Not Damage Kidneys - Physician's Weekly, 9/15/03
• Sevelamer Reduces Serum Phosphorus Without Causing Hypercalcemia in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 9/15/03
• High-Dose Vancomycin Given During Dialysis Equivalent to Standard Dose After Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 9/12/03
• Anaemia Correction Improves Cardiac and Renal Function in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure - Doctor's Guide, 9/9/03
• Interferon and Ribavirin Safe for Patients With Hepatitis C-Related Renal Insufficiency - Doctor's Guide, 9/8/03
• Captopril Offers Significant Survival Benefit for Patients With Moderate Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/03
• Family Members, Other Patients Important Sources Of Staphylococcus Aureus For Patients On Peritoneal Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/03
• Clopidogrel Plus Aspirin Ineffective for Graft Thrombosis, Increases Bleeding Risk During Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 9/3/03
• Mean Transferrin Saturation, Length of Dialysis, and Albumin Levels Predict Anaemia in Pediatric Patients - Doctor's Guide, 8/25/03
• Oral Heme Iron Polypeptide Effectively Sustains Response To Erythropoietin Therapy In Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 8/15/03
• Hydrostatic Intraperitoneal Pressure Provides Objective Parameter For Determining Dialysis Dose In Children - Doctor's Guide, 8/15/03
• Pyocystis Can Occur In Anuric Patients - Doctor's Guide, 8/13/03
• Early Anaemia in Paediatric Renal Patients Linked to Prolonged Hospitalisation, Death - Doctor's Guide, 8/12/03
• Multi-Dose Epoetin Pen Appears Safe, Effective In Patients With Renal Anaemia - Doctor's Guide, 8/12/03
• Long-term Haemodialysis Patients Show Survival Advantage When Treated with Paricalcitol Over Calcitriol for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism - Doctor's Guide, 7/31/03
• Better Dialysis Survival With Zemplar - WebMD, 7/30/03
• Profound Effects On Immune Function Of Iron Therapy In End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 7/30/03 - "Iron therapy, given to treat anaemia in combination with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), depresses immune function by inhibiting TNF-a production and increasing IL-4"
• High Cholesterol Raises Kidney Risks - WebMD, 7/21/03
• Lower cholesterol for healthy kidneys - USA Today, 7/20/03 - "men who had low levels of HDL or "good cholesterol" and elevated "bad" or LDL cholesterol were twice as likely to have evidence of kidney malfunction"
• Coronary Biomarker Level Increases Associated with Increased Mortality Risk in End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 7/21/03
• Dialysis Dose, Membrane Type Do Not Reduce Infection Risk During Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 7/11/03
• Flucloxacillin Effective Against Staphylococcal Infections During Continuous Venovenous Haemofiltration - Doctor's Guide, 7/7/03
• r.hu-Erythropoietin Therapy May Slow or Reverse Renal Function Loss Process - Doctor's Guide, 7/7/03
• Peritoneal Dialysis May Be More Likely To Achieve Renal Function Recovery In Atheroembolic Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 7/3/03
• Reversing Kidney Failure May Be Possible [morphogenic protein, or BMP-7] - WebMD, 7/2/03
• Phosphate Reduction Starts Within One Week Of Treatment With Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) - Doctor's Guide, 6/30/03
• Visual Loss After Haemodialysis Can Be Caused By Posterior Ischaemic Neuropathy - Doctor's Guide, 6/26/03
• Daily Night-time Haemodialysis May Provide Advantages Over Other Schedules - Doctor's Guide, 6/26/03
• Diabetic Kidney Disease Often Missed - WebMD, 6/24/03
• Long-Term ACE Inhibitor Treatment Promotes Renal Health and Improved Lipid Profiles - Doctor's Guide, 6/12/03 - "In the group switched from a diuretic, the mean urinary albumin excretion was reduced from 37.0 to 23.2 at 12 months. In that same time period, the urinary albumin excretion decreased from 38.9 to 25.3 in the group switched from calcium channel blockers ... After switching to temocapril, serum total cholesterol in the switched groups was significantly decreased from the baseline value (P<0.05) -- from 223.5 mg/dL to 210.7 mg/dL in the group switched from diuretics; from 215.6 mg/dL to 209.3 mg/dL in the group switched from calcium channel blockers ... Serum levels of low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein were also improved in the switched groups"
• Adding Felodipine to Ramipril Slows Progression in Nondiabetic Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 6/12/03
• Enalapril Has Renoprotective Effect in Chronic Allograft Nephropathy - Doctor's Guide, 6/12/03
• Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) Demonstrates Long-Term Benefit In End Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 6/11/03
• Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermopathy Linked to Aberrant Tissue Healing - Doctor's Guide, 6/11/03
• Subcutaneous Darbepoetin Alfa Maintains Optimal Haemoglobin Levels in Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 6/10/03
• Diuretic Use Linked to End-Stage Renal Disease [ESRD] - Medscape, 5/16/03 - "We're concerned that there could be a long time lag between use of thiazide diuretics and ESRD, even as long as 10 to 15 years"
• Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) Shows Favourable Effects On Bone In Bone Biopsy Study - Doctor's Guide, 5/13/03
• Sevelamer Hydrochloride Reduces Hyperparathyroidism in End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 4/29/03
• Experts Release New Chronic Kidney Disease Bone Guidelines - Medscape, 4/8/03
• Kidney Ultrasound Should Be Performed in-House - Medscape, 4/7/03
• Implantable Defibrillators May Save the Lives Of Many Cardiac Patients on Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 4/7/03
• Once-Monthly Aranesp (Darbepoetin Alfa) Maintains Hemoglobin Levels In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients With Anemia - Doctor's Guide, 4/4/03
• Long-Term Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) Controls Harmful Phosphate In End-Stage Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 4/4/03
• FDA Grants Approvable Letter For Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) For Treatment Related To Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 3/3/03
• Whirlpools Pose Hidden Danger to Kidney - WebMD, 2/6/03
• Most Haemodialysis Patients Have Headache Before, During Treatment - Doctor's Guide, 2/6/03
• Hypertensive Patients With Renal Impairment Have Fewer Side Effects From Efonidipine - Doctor's Guide, 2/6/03
• Low-Level Lead Exposure Harms Kidneys - Doctor's Guide, 1/22/03 - "the progression of kidney failure was much slower in patients who received chelation therapy compared with those who got the placebo"
• Atherosclerosis Affects Age-Related Renal Changes - Doctor's Guide, 1/2/03 - "Atherosclerosis speeds up kidney shrinkage and increases in serum creatinine levels on top of the known effects of aging ... the investigators conclude that atherosclerosis accelerates the decrease of renal size and the increase in serum creatinine with age"
• FDA Approves New Peritoneal Dialysis Solution Extraneal (Icodextrin) - Doctor's Guide, 12/23/02
• Intravenous Administration Required When Using Eprex/ Erypo (Epoetin Alfa) In Chronic Renal Failure Patients - Doctor's Guide, 12/3/02
• More Deaths In For-Profit Dialysis Centers - WebMD, 11/19/02
• Lowering Systolic Blood Pressure Reduces Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy Progression - Doctor's Guide, 11/7/02
• Periodontal Diseases Increase C-Reactive Protein In Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/7/02
• Renal Transplant Safe, Successful in Wegener's Granulomatosis - Medscape, 11/4/02
• Fosrenol Safe, Effective for Hyperphosphatemia of Hemodialysis - Medscape, 11/4/02
• Hypertension Is Adequately Controlled In Only 30 Percent Of Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Intravenous Push Of Iron Sucrose Safe, Effective In Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Darbepoetin Alfa Once Every Other Week Treats Anaemia In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Not On Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Once-Weekly Epoetin Alfa Effective Against Anaemia in Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Adequate Dialysis Allows Chronic Renal Failure Patients to Recover Sense of Smell - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Stop Recombinant Human Erythropoetin if Signs of Pure Red Blood Aplasia Appear - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Sirolimus-Based Immunotherapy Allows Elimination Of Cyclosporine, Improves Renal Function - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Cardiac Drugs' Effectiveness Depends on Cardiovascular Status Prior to Starting Haemodialysis - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• Fosrenol (Lanthanum Carbonate) Effective, Safe Treatment For Hyperphosphatemia - Doctor's Guide, 11/4/02
• In Hypertensive Individuals, Lead Exposure is Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/3/02
• IV Iron Therapy Better than Oral Iron for Paediatric Patients Undergoing Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 11/3/02
• Treatment of diabetic nephropathy with angiotensin II receptor antagonist - Clin Exp Nephrol. 2003 Mar;7(1):1-8 - "Treatment with irbesartan was associated with a relative risk of endstage renal disease that was 23% lower than that in both other groups [calcium channel blocker or placebo]. These differences were not accounted for by differences in the blood pressures that were achieved"
• Iron Therapy Contraindicated In Haemodialysis Patients' - Doctor's Guide, 10/30/02
• Haemofiltration Better Than Peritoneal Dialysis In Infection-Related Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 9/19/02
• FDA Approves Avapro (Irbesartan) For The Treatment Of Diabetic Nephropathy (Kidney Disease) In Patients With High Blood Pressure And Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 9/18/02
• Losartan Reduces Incidence of End-Stage Renal Disease in Type 2 Diabetics, Also Lowers Cost Burden - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/02
• Surgery In Mild And Moderate Renal Failure Decreases Need For Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 9/3/02
• Nephron Sparing Surgery Controls Cancer, Preserves Renal Function - Doctor's Guide, 8/12/02
• Survival and Quality of Life Support Aggressive Treatment of Acute Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 8/9/02
• Recombinant Hepatitis B Vaccine Suitable In Children With Chronic Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 8/8/02
• Increased Toxin Concentrations Worsen Renal Function - Doctor's Guide, 8/8/02
• Links Suggested Between Malnutrition, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis in Haemodialysed Patients - Doctor's Guide, 8/2/02
• Once-Weekly Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Maintains Haemoglobin Concentrations in Haemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 7/19/02
• Dialyzers May Remove Heparin Antibodies and Reduce Occurrence of Severe Thrombocytopenia - Doctor's Guide, 7/19/02
• Undiagnosed but Treatable Fabry Disease Found in End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 7/18/02
• Low Molecular Weight Heparin Superiority in Hemodialysis Due to Endothelium Dependent Mechanisms - Doctor's Guide, 7/18/02
• Age and Comorbidities Predict Outcome After Acute Tubular Necrosis - Doctor's Guide, 7/17/02
• Intravenous Darbepoetin Alfa Is More Effective Than Intravenous Recombinant Human Erythropoetin - Doctor's Guide, 7/17/02
• Heart Disease In Haemodialysis Patients Could Be Related To Mean Platelet Volume - Doctor's Guide, 7/8/02
• Older Dialysis Patients At Greater Risk for Malnutrition - Doctor's Guide, 5/9/02
• Androgen Therapy In Dialysis Patients Shows Benefits Over Erythropoietin - Doctor's Guide, 4/25/02
• Adding Candesartan to Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor in Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 4/25/02
• Study Confirms Recommended Dialysis Dose - Doctor's Guide, 4/23/02
• High-Protein Diets Cause Dehydration - WebMD, 4/22/02
• Darbepoetin Alfa Effective Even When Given at Four-Week Intervals - Doctor's Guide, 4/22/02
• No Evidence that ACE Inhibitors, Aspirin Reduce Mortality in Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/22/02
• At-Home Dialysis Therapy May Benefit A Greater Range of Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/19/02
• Dialysis May Alter Cognitive Function - Doctor's Guide, 4/17/02
• Intervention Can Improve Barriers To Adequate Dialysis Care - Doctor's Guide, 4/17/02
• Helicobacter Status Not Related To Dyspepsia Or Gastroparesis In Uremic Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/12/02
• Overhydration Contributes To Hypoalbuminemia In Peritoneal Dialysis - Doctor's Guide, 4/8/02
• Decline In Renal Function After Dialysis Can Be Halved - Doctor's Guide, 2/11/02
• New Guidelines Urge Easy Tests To Diagnose Kidney Disease In Millions Who Don't Know Organs Are Dying - Intelihealth, 2/5/02
• Working Kidney Built From Embryo Clone - Intelihealth, 1/31/02
• Daily Haemodialysis Reduces Mortality In Acute Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 1/31/02
• Under-Controlled Hypertension Paves Way For Other Ills - Doctor's Guide, 1/16/02
• Study Suggests Time Of Day May Affect Dialysis - Intelihealth, 12/5/01
• Recombinant Human Growth Hormone Improves Malnourished Kidney Failure Patients - Doctor's Guide, 11/13/01
• Aspirin Plus Beta-Blocker Reduce Risk of Post-Myocardial Infarction Deaths in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/12/01
• Inadequate Antibiotic Doses Often Given During Recovery from Acute Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 11/7/01
• Aranesp (Darbepoetin) May Maintain Hemoglobin Levels Despite Infrequent Dosing in Chronic Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 10/16/01
• Blood Pressure Drug May Help Kidneys - Intelihealth, 9/19/01
• Cozaar (Losartan) Slows Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 9/19/01
• Irbesartan Protects Against Kidney Disease Progression in Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/01
• Baycol (Cerivastatin) Not To Be Used In Combination With Gemfibrozil, Says Bayer - Doctor's Guide, 7/25/01 - "Statins are known to cause a rare side effect of muscle breakdown ... In a very small percentage of patients, there is a risk of muscle breakdown resulting in kidney damage, which in rare instances can lead to life-threatening kidney failure ... The risk of muscle breakdown is greater in patients taking gemfibrozil as well as other fibric acid derivatives (a group of cholesterol-lowering drugs), cyclosporine (an immunosuppressant), erythromycin (an antibiotic), azole antifungals, or lipid-lowering doses of niacin (nicotinic acid) together with statins including cerivastatin."
• No link between painkillers, kidney failure - USA Today, 7/18/01
• Regular Use of Pain Medicines Doesn't Damage Kidneys - WebMD, 7/17/01
• Kidney Disease Not Identified Early Enough - Doctor's Guide, 7/9/01
• Native Kidney Function More Important To Growth Is Than Dialysis Clearance - Doctor's Guide, 6/29/01
• Peritoneal Dialysis Patients May Not Be Getting Needed Anemia Treatment - Doctor's Guide, 6/29/01
• Multidisciplinary Pre-Dialysis Program Lessens Morbidity In Patients With Chronic Renal Failure - Doctor's Guide, 6/29/01
• Icodextrin Might Decrease Appetite Suppression And Malnutrition In Peritoneal Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 6/28/01
• Peritoneal Dialysis Could Be More Widely Used For Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 6/28/01
• Renagel (Sevelamer) Controls Phosphorus, Avoids Cardiac Calcification in End-Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 6/26/01
• Study Indicates Calcium-Free Kidney Drug May Ward Off Heart Trouble - Intelihealth, 6/26/01 - "The top killer of people on dialysis is not their kidneys, but heart disease. Some experts believe the calcium-based pills given to most kidney patients may also dangerously harden their arteries"
• Irbesartan Protects Against Kidney Disease Progression In Hypertensive Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 6/25/01
• Pravastatin Improves Graft And Patient Survival In Kidney Transplant - Doctor's Guide, 5/28/01
• High Blood Pressure Significant Risk Factor for Kidney Rejection - Doctor's Guide, 5/28/01
• Cozaar (Losartan) Significantly Reduces Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 5/24/01
• Irbesartan Slows Kidney Disease In Diabetics - Doctor's Guide, 5/20/01
• Diovan (Valsartan) Effective in Reducing Microalbuminuria - Doctor's Guide, 5/17/01 - "Diovan® (valsartan), is more effective in reducing microalbuminuria (p<0.001), an early sign of diabetic kidney disease, compared to the calcium channel blocker, amlodipine"
• Under-Treatment of Hypertension Contributing to Chronic KidneyDisease in United States - Doctor's Guide, 5/15/01 - "Hypertension is a leading factor in developing kidney disease. While the majority of people in the study were treated for hypertension, only 11 percent reduced their blood pressure to recommended levels"
• Canada Approves Hectoral (Vitamin D Pro-Hormone) For End-Stage Renal Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 5/4/01
• Weighing In on Kidney Disease Linked to Obesity, Researchers Warn of 'Newly Emerging Epidemic' - WebMD, 4/26/01 - ""It's well established that obesity is related to diabetes -- in fact 80% of diabetics are type 2, and those are almost all people who are at least overweight if not obese. And then we've shown in the past eight or nine years that ... in normal healthy individuals blood pressure goes up ... with a fairly substantial increase in weight, and if you lose weight blood pressure comes back down. The contention is that over a period of time there's going to be a detriment to the kidneys," ... in at least some cases the proteinuria seen in people with ORG can be halted or reversed with weight loss and/or the use of blood-pressure lowering drugs called ACE-inhibitors"
• Midodrine Hydrochloride May Help Avoid Hypotension In Dialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 4/20/01
• Angiotensin II Antagonist Plus Conventional Treatment Improves Blood Pressure Control, Kidney Function - Doctor's Guide, 4/6/01 - "Adding candesartan cilexetil to conventional therapy significantly reduced albuminuria by a mean of 25 percent, fractional albumin clearance by a mean of 35 percent, 24-hour systolic blood pressure by a mean of 10 mmHg, and GFR by a mean of 5 ml/minute/1.73 m2. The mean reduction in diastolic blood pressure (3 mmHg) was not statistically significant"
• Alert: Pepcid Can Cause Sleepiness in Kidney Failure Patients - WebMD, 3/28/01 - "The warning comes because FDA officials have verified a direct connection between levels of the drug and an increase in creatinine, a waste product found in the urine that is considered a sign of kidney failure"
• Novel Erythropoietin Stimulating Protein Maintains Hemoglobin Concentration, Requires Less Frequent Dosing - Doctor's Guide, 10/19/00
• Daily Dialysis Improves Quality Of Life In End Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 10/18/00
• Another Danger for Smokers: Kidney Disease - WebMD, 10/16/00
• Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Beta Blockers May Postpone Kidney Failure - Doctor's Guide, 10/13/00
• FDA Approves Renagel Tablets (Sevelamer Hydrochloride) For Hemodialysis Patients - Doctor's Guide, 7/13/00
• Antihypertensive Therapy May Delay Kidney Failure In Polycystic Kidney Disease - Doctor's Guide, 3/30/00
• Carnitor Approved In US For End Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 12/22/99
• Renal Stenting Improves Kidney Function - Doctor's Guide, 9/27/99
• Low-Protein Diet Postpones Dialysis In Chronic Kidney Failure Patients - Doctor's Guide, 2/16/99
• FDA Approves Renagel Capsules For Patients With End Stage Renal Disease - Doctor's Guide, 11/2/98