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Anti-aging Research > Milk
Milk & Dairy
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News & Research:
-
Eat More Dairy, Less Red
Meat to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes - Medscape, 9/20/22 -
"Significant increases in the risk of developing type 2
diabetes were found for consumption of 100 g/day of total meat (RR, 1.20; 20%
increase) and red meat (1.22, 22% increase) and with 50 g/day of processed meats
(1.30, 30% increase). A borderline increased risk was also seen for 50 g/day of
white meat (1.04, 4% increase) ... The opposite was found for dairy foods.
Inverse associations for type 2 diabetes development were found for an intake of
200 g/day of total dairy (0.95, 5% reduction), low-fat dairy (0.96, 4%
reduction), milk (0.90, 10% reduction), and for 100 g/day of yogurt (0.94, 6%
reduction) ... Neutral (nonsignificant) effects were found for 200 g/day of
full-fat dairy (0.98) and for 30 g/day of cheese (0.97). Fish consumption also
had a neutral association with type 2 diabetes risk (1.04 for 100 g/day) as did
one egg per day (1.07), but evidence quality was low ... processed meats also
contain nitrates, nitrites, and sodium that can contribute to pancreatic cell
damage and vascular dysfunction, thus affecting insulin sensitivity"
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Is
low-fat or whole-fat milk better for kids? Science says it makes no difference
- Science Daily, 10/12/21 - "For the first time,
researchers comprehensively measured the children's obesity, body composition,
blood pressure, and blood biomarkers to monitor the effects of their dairy
consumption ... Regardless of whether they were consuming whole fat or low-fat
dairy, both groups of children took in similar amounts of calories ... Although
children consuming low-fat dairy took in less calories and fat from dairy, they
naturally turned to other foods and drinks to make up this difference ...
Professor O'Sullivan said the findings showed no significant differences between
the groups' obesity or cardiovascular health"
-
Milk
protein could help boost blueberries' healthfulness - Science Daily, 6/23/21
- "In studies, anthocyanins have been shown to have
antioxidant properties, lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of developing
some cancers. However, only small amounts of these nutrients are absorbed from
blueberries during digestion, despite their abundance in the fruit. Previous
researchers have reported that consuming foods with ingredients such as citrus
pectin, capcasin, capsicate and some proteins improve the uptake of anthocyanins.
For instance, Bin Li and colleagues found that α-casein and β-casein proteins
from cow's milk protected blueberry anthocyanins in simulated digestion
experiments ... The researchers fed rats purified blueberry anthocyanin
extracts, adding α-casein to the solution given to one group of rats. During the
next 24 hours, anthocyanin and metabolite concentrations were 1.5 to 10.1 times
higher in the α-casein group than in the control rats"
-
NotMilk says it has achieved a breakthrough: Plant-based milk
that mimics dairy - Washington Post, 6/16/21 -
"Two of the key ingredients, it turned
out, were pineapple and cabbage — something no human would have
ever dreamed of pouring into their breakfast cereal. The
product, called NotMilk, uses more than a dozen ingredients,
including chicory root fiber, coconut oil and pea protein, to
make what the packaging calls a “plant-based milk alternative.”
Featured on the carton: a drawing of a cow crossed out in black
— erased ... Sold at Whole Foods in the United States, NotMilk
will reach nearly 3,000 U.S. grocery stores this year ...
Investors include Jeff Bezos, the founder of Amazon, which owns
Whole Foods ... In a side-by-side taste test comparing NotMilk
with cow’s milk, the difference was perceptible. Compared to
dairy, the NotMilk was slightly beiger in hue and sweeter on
both the nose and the mouth, with faint notes of coconut and
pineapple. One taster said the flavor reminded her of cow’s milk
stirred with Froot Loops, though much less sweet. Texture-wise,
it felt like dairy ... all four tasters agreed: On its own,
NotMilk tasted good — and far more like dairy than other plant
milks ... There isn’t enough data or research on whether
imitation milks and burgers are more healthful than the original
animal-based product"
-
Daily Dairy Doesn't
Improve Bone Strength in Midlife Women - Medscape, 6/2/20 -
"Women were classified into four dairy groups based on
this cumulative average dairy intake," Wallace and colleagues note. Intake was
grouped into < 0.5 servings/day; 0.5 to < 1.5 servings/day; 1.5 to < 2.5
servings/day, and ≥ 2.5 servings/day ... They found no significant differences
for baseline age, BMI, femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD, calcium supplement
use, or fracture history by dairy intake group"
-
Drinking 1% rather than 2% milk accounts for 4.5 years of less aging in adults
- Science Daily, 1/15/20 - "the more high-fat milk
people drink, the shorter their telomeres are, according to the new BYU study,
published in Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. The study revealed that
for every 1% increase in milk fat consumed (drinking 2% vs. 1% milk), telomeres
were 69 base pairs shorter in the adults studied, which translated into more
than four years in additional biological aging. When Tucker analyzed the
extremes of milk drinkers, adults who consumed whole milk had telomeres that
were a striking 145 base pairs shorter than non-fat milk drinkers ... milk
abstainers had shorter telomeres than adults who consumed low-fat milk" -
Note: But the question we should be asking is whether the people that
drink the lower fat milk are just plain more health health conscience overall.
Maybe the milk doesn't have anything to do with it. It may be just one of
the traits of people who watch their diet more.
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Fermented dairy products may protect against heart attack, study suggests -
Science Daily, 10/30/18 - "When the study participants
were divided into four groups on the basis of their consumption of fermented
dairy products with less than 3.5% fat, the risk of incident coronary heart
disease was 26% lower in the highest consumption group compared to the lowest
consumption group. Sour milk was the most commonly used low-fat fermented dairy
product. The consumption of high-fat fermented dairy products, such as cheese,
was not associated with the risk of incident coronary heart disease ... However,
the researchers found that a very high consumption on non-fermented dairy
products was associated with an increased risk of incident coronary heart
disease. Milk was the most commonly used product in this category, and a very
high consumption was defined as an average daily milk intake of 0.9 litres.
Lower consumption levels were not associated with the risk"
-
Consuming milk at breakfast lowers blood glucose throughout the day -
Science Daily, 8/20/18 - "Milk consumed with breakfast
cereal reduced postprandial blood glucose concentration compared with water, and
high dairy protein concentration reduced postprandial blood glucose
concentration compared with normal dairy protein concentration. The high-protein
treatment also reduced appetite after the second meal compared with the
low-protein equivalent ... Digestion of the whey and casein proteins naturally
present in milk releases gastric hormones that slow digestion, increasing
feelings of fullness"
-
Does
consuming low-fat dairy increase the risk of Parkinson's disease? - Science
Daily, 6/7/17 - "Those who consumed at least three
servings of low-fat dairy a day had a 34 percent greater chance of developing
Parkinson's than people who consumed less than one serving per day ... The study
results do not show that dairy products cause Parkinson's disease -- they just
show an association"
-
The Case Against Low-fat Milk Is Stronger Than Ever - Time, 4/4/16 -
"people who had higher levels of three different
byproducts of full-fat dairy had, on average, a 46% lower risk of getting
diabetes during the study period than those with lower levels ... in a separate
study published in the American Journal of Nutrition, another group analyzed the
effects of full fat and low fat dairy on obesity and found that among 18,438
women in the Women’s Health Study, those who consumed the most high-fat dairy
products lowered their risk of being overweight of obese by 8% ... While it’s
not entirely clear how whole fat is helping to lower risk of diabetes, it’s
possible that it’s working on several different levels to regulate insulin and
glucose"
-
Dairy Consumption and Risk
of Frailty in Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study - Medscape, 10/29/15
- "Participants consuming seven or more servings per
week of low-fat milk and yogurt had lower incidence of frailty (OR = 0.52; 95%
confidence interval (CI) = 0.29–0.90; P for trend = .03) than those consuming
less than one serving per week. Specifically, consumers of seven or more
servings per week of low-fat milk and yogurt had less risk of slow walking speed
(OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.44–0.92, P trend = .01) and of weight loss (OR = 0.54,
95% CI = 0.33–0.87, P trend = .02). Consuming seven or more servings per week of
whole milk or yogurt (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.90–2.60, P trend = .10) or of cheese
(OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.52–1.61; P trend = .61) was not associated with incident
frailty"
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Not All Trans Fats Harm the Heart, Study Contends - WebMD, 9/22/15 -
"naturally occurring trans fats found in dairy and meat
products might actually help protect the heart ... people with higher levels of
naturally occurring trans fats were 37 percent less likely to suffer a sudden
cardiac death, compared with those who had low levels of natural trans fats"
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Consumption
of Yogurt, Low-Fat Milk, and Other Low-Fat Dairy Products Is Associated with
Lower Risk of Metabolic Syndrome Incidence in an Elderly Mediterranean
Population - J Nutr. 2015 Aug 19 - "dietary habits
by a 137-item validated food-frequency questionnaire, and blood biochemistry
determinations ... median follow-up of 3.2 y ... the comparison of extreme
tertiles of dairy product consumption were 0.72 (0.61, 0.86) for low-fat dairy,
0.73 (0.62, 0.86) for low-fat yogurt, 0.78 (0.66, 0.92) for whole-fat yogurt,
and 0.80 (0.67, 0.95) for low-fat milk. The respective HR for cheese was 1.31"
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High-fat
dairy products linked to reduced type 2 diabetes risk - Science Daily,
4/2/15 - "are in line with previous studies of eating
habits that indicated a link between high consumption of dairy products and a
reduced risk of type 2 diabetes ... the new study indicates that it is high-fat
dairy products specifically that are associated with reduced risk ... Those who
ate the most high-fat dairy products had a 23 per cent lower risk of developing
type 2 diabetes than those who ate the least. High meat consumption was linked
to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes regardless of the fat content of the
meat"
-
Milk
could be good for your brain - Science Daily, 3/24/15 -
"participants who had indicated they had drunk milk
recently had higher levels of glutathione in their brains. This is important,
the researchers said, because glutathione could help stave off oxidative stress
and the resulting damage caused by reactive chemical compounds produced during
the normal metabolic process in the brain. Oxidative stress is known to be
associated with a number of different diseases and conditions, including
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and many other conditions" -
Note: Yeah but three servings of this and three serving of that and three
servings of the other thing will pack on the pounds as you get older and don't
even think about dessert. The best way I know of to increase glutathione is to
take n-acetyl-cysteine. See
n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com
 .
-
Calcium, Vitamin D,
Dairy Products, and Mortality Among Colorectal Cancer Survivors: The Cancer
Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort - Medscape, 10/20/14 -
"In multivariate analysis, post-diagnosis total
calcium intake was inversely associated with all-cause mortality (relative
risk [RR] for those in the highest relative to the lowest quartiles, 0.72;
95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53-0.98; Ptrend = .02). An inverse
association with all-cause mortality was also observed for postdiagnosis
milk intake (RR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55-0.94; Ptrend = .02), but not for vitamin
D intake"
-
A
heart-felt need for dairy food: Small serving beneficial, large not
necessary - Science Daily, 9/16/14 - "A study of
nearly 4000 Taiwanese ... a dominantly Chinese food culture, unaccustomed to
dairy foods ... Those who ate no dairy had higher blood pressure, higher
body mass index and greater body fatness generally than other groups ... For
optimal results, the key is daily consumption of dairy foods -- but at the
rate of about five servings over a week. One serving is the equivalent to
eight grams of protein: a cup of milk, or 45 grams of cheese ... Such
quantities rarely cause trouble even for people considered to be lactose
intolerant" - See my yogurt recipe.
-
Consumption of high-fat dairy products associated with lower risk of
developing diabetes - Science Daily, 9/15/14 -
"replacing saturated fat with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats might
be favourable in the prevention of T2D. In line with this, plant sources of
fat have been suggested to be a better choice compared with animal sources
... Nevertheless, several epidemiological studies have indicated that a high
intake of dairy products may be protective ... study included 26,930
individuals (60% women), aged 45-74 years, from the population-based Malmö
Diet and Cancer cohort ... 14 years of follow up ... high intake of high-fat
dairy products was associated with a 23% lower incidence of T2D for the
highest consuming 20% of participants (or quintile) (median=8 portions/day)
compared with the lowest consuming 20% (median=1 portion/day) ... there was
no association found between intakes of low-fat dairy products and risk of
developing type 2 diabetes ... High intakes of meat and meat products were,
regardless of fat content, associated with increased risk, but the increased
risk was higher for lower fat meats (increased risk of type 2 diabetes for
high fat meats 9%, for low fat 24%), both referring to the risk in the
highest-consuming versus lowest-consuming 20%)"
-
Milk Protein for
Improved Metabolic Health - Medscape, 9/23/13 -
"'Sarcobesity' and sarcopaenic diabetes are rapidly growing health issues.
As well as through direct mechanisms, dairy protein may indirectly improve
metabolic health by aiding loss of body weight and fat mass through enhanced
satiety, whilst promoting skeletal muscle growth and function through
anabolic effects of dairy protein-derived branch chain amino acids (BCAAs).
BCAAs enhance muscle protein synthesis, lean body mass and skeletal muscle
metabolic function. The composition and processing of dairy protein has an
impact on digestion, absorption, BCAA kinetics and function, hence the
optimisation of dairy protein composition through selection and combination
of specific protein components in milk may provide a way to maximize
benefits for metabolic health" - See
branched-chain amino acid products at iHerb.
-
Two
cups of milk a day ideal for children's health, new research shows -
Science Daily, 12/17/12 - "looked at how cow's milk
affected body stores of iron and vitamin D -- two of the most important
nutrients in milk -- in more than 1,300 children aged two to five years ...
children who drank more cow's milk had higher Vitamin D stores but lower
iron stores ... two cups of cow's milk per day was enough to maintain
adequate vitamin D levels for most children, while also maintaining iron
stores. With additional cow's milk, there was a further reduction in iron
stores without greater benefit from vitamin D"
-
New
study sheds light on cancer-protective properties of milk - Science
Daily, 10/3/12 - "lactoferricin4-14 (Lfcin4-14), a
milk protein with known health effects, significantly reduces the growth
rate of colon cancer cells over time by prolonging the period of the cell
cycle before chromosomes are replicated. In a new study, investigators
report that treatment with Lfcin4-14 reduced DNA damage in colon cancer
cells exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light ... Our data suggest that the
effects of Lfcin4-14 in prolonging the cell cycle may contribute to the
cancer preventive effect of milk"
-
Low-Fat Dairy May Help Lower Stroke Risk - WebMD, 4/19/12 -
"The study researchers, who tracked the diets of
nearly 75,000 men and women over 10 years, found that those who ate the most
low-fat dairy foods and beverages were 12% less likely to have a stroke than
those who ate the least ... The most plausible explanation is that low-fat
dairy food lowers blood pressure ... consuming full-fat dairy products such
as whole milk was not associated with risk of stroke ... those who ate a
daily average of four servings of low-fat cheeses, yogurts, and milk
significantly lowered their risk of stroke compared to those who did not
include any low-fat dairy in their diet"
-
Milk intake
in teens tied to later prostate cancer - MSNBC, 12/29/11 -
"Older Icelandic men who remember chugging a lot of
milk in their teens are three times as likely to be diagnosed with advanced
prostate cancer as more-moderate milk drinkers"
-
Frequency of dairy consumption and functional disability in older persons
- J Nutr Health Aging. 2011;15(9):795-800 - "of milk
and milk products consumption were obtained using a food frequency
questionnaire and functional disability was assessed using the instrumental
activities of daily living (IADL) and ADL scales ... In men, dietary intake
of dairy products was associated with a significantly reduced risk of IADL
disability after controlling for known functional disability risk factors
and other dietary factors (p for trend, 0.038). Compared with men who
consumed dairy products < 1 time/week, those who consumed ≥ 1 time/day had a
reduced risk of IADL disability (odds ratio [OR], 0.35; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 0.13-0.91). Meanwhile, milk and milk products consumption was
not significantly associated with ADL disability. In women, dairy products
consumption was not significantly associated with physical disability"
-
Soy beats milk protein for cholesterol improvements: RCT - Nutra USA,
10/22/11 - "Results showed that, compared with
carbohydrates, the soy protein was associated with a 3.97 mg/dl reduction in
total cholesterol levels, and a 0.12 mg/dl reduction in the ratio of
total:HDL cholesterol ... In addition, compared to milk protein, the soy
protein was associated with a 1.54 mg/dl increase in HDL cholesterol levels
and a 0.14 mg/dl decrease in the ratio of total:HDL cholesterol ... On the
other hand, milk protein supplementation was significantly associated with a
1.13 mg/dL decrease in HDL levels, compared to carb supplement ... The
effect of milk protein did not confer a significant favorable effect on any
lipid measures compared with carbohydrate" - Note: In addition to
homemade yogurt, I been using
Silk plus DHA
Omega-3 on my cereal. If you read the ingredients, it's probably not
the best for you but it sure tastes good. The soy adds variety over the
milk used to make the yogurt.
-
Foods rich in protein, dairy products help dieters preserve muscle and lose
belly fat - Science Daily, 8/29/11 - "a
higher-protein, lower-carbohydrate energy-restricted diet has a major
positive impact on body composition, trimming belly fat and increasing lean
muscle, particularly when the proteins come from dairy products ... compared
three groups of overweight and obese, but otherwise healthy, premenopausal
women. Each consumed either low, medium or high amounts of dairy foods
coupled with higher or lower amounts of protein and carbohydrates ... there
were identical total weight losses among the groups, but the higher-protein,
high-dairy group experienced greater whole-body fat and abdomen fat losses,
greater lean mass gains and greater increases in strength ... One hundred
per cent of the weight lost in the higher-protein, high-dairy group was fat.
And the participants gained muscle mass, which is a major change in body
composition ... the lower-protein, low-dairy group lost about a pound and
half of muscle whereas the lower-protein, medium dairy group lost almost no
muscle. In marked contrast, the higher-protein, high-dairy group actually
gained a pound and half of muscle, representing a three-pound difference
between the low- and high-dairy groups ... On top of the muscle mass
differences, the higher-protein, high-dairy group lost twice as much belly
fat than the lower-protein, low-dairy group ... These women also got fitter
and stronger" - See my yogurt recipe on my
yogurt page.
-
Highest Mortality Risk Seen With High-Fat Dairy and High Sugar Intake -
Medscape, 12/23/10 - "Compared to people who ate
healthy foods, men and women in their 70s had a 40% higher risk of death if
they got most of their calories from high-fat dairy foods or from sweets and
desserts" - I'd take that one study with a grain of salt. In regard
to dairy, it contradicts this analysis of many studies.
-
Milk and dairy
consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause
mortality: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
- Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jan;93(1):158-71 -
"PubMed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS were searched for articles published up to
February 2010. Of >5000 titles evaluated, 17 met the inclusion criteria,
all of which were original prospective cohort studies ... A modest
inverse association was found between milk intake and risk of overall
CVD [4 studies; relative risk (RR): 0.94 per 200 mL/d; 95% CI: 0.89,
0.99]. Milk intake was not associated with risk of CHD (6 studies; RR:
1.00; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.04), stroke (6 studies; RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.72,
1.05), or total mortality (8 studies; RR per 200 mL/d: 0.99; 95% CI:
0.95, 1.03). Limited studies of the association of total dairy products
and of total high-fat and total low-fat dairy products (per 200 g/d)
with CHD showed no significant associations"
-
Component in common dairy foods may cut diabetes risk, study suggests -
Science Daily, 12/20/10 - "The compound,
trans-palmitoleic acid, is a fatty acid found in milk, cheese, yogurt, and
butter ... trans-palmitoleic acid may underlie epidemiological evidence in
recent years that diets rich in dairy foods are linked to lower risk of type
2 diabetes and related metabolic abnormalities. Health experts generally
advise reducing full-fat dairy products, but trans-palmitoleic acid is found
in dairy fat ... At baseline, higher circulating levels of trans-palmitoleic
acid were associated with healthier levels of blood cholesterol,
inflammatory markers, insulin levels, and insulin sensitivity, after
adjustment for other risk factors. During follow-up, individuals with higher
circulating levels of trans-palmitoleic acid had a much lower risk of
developing diabetes, with about a 60% lower risk among participants in the
highest quintile (fifth) of trans-palmitoleic acid levels" - So maybe
I can stop feeling guilty about my yoghurt made with 50% full fat powdered
milk and 50% skim powdered milk. I eat a lot of it. My triglycerides on
the last test were 91 and my fasting glucose 83. Yoghurt is about as low as
you can get with 10 AGEs/serving (kU) compared to broccoli at 226 or broiled
franks at 10,143.
Click here for the table.
-
Milk: Two glasses a day tones muscles, keeps the fat away in women, study
shows - Science Daily, 5/26/10 - "Women who
drink two large glasses of milk a day after their weight-lifting routine
gained more muscle and lost more fat compared to women who drank sugar-based
energy drinks ... The women who drank milk gained barely any weight because
what they gained in lean muscle they balanced out with a loss in fat"
-
Really? - The
Claim - Milk Makes You Phlegmy - NYTimes.com, 4/12/10 -
"Many people believe milk leads to upper-respiratory
congestion, but studies have generally dismissed it as an old wives’ tale.
In one well-known experiment, scientists found that even people inoculated
with the common cold virus did not exhibit a statistically significant
increase in symptoms or nasal secretions when they drank milk ... not all
milk is the same. Some types of milk, from certain breeds of cow, contain a
protein called beta-CM-7, which has been shown in studies to stimulate mucus
glands in the digestive tract. These glands are also found in the
respiratory tract, where they are known to overproduce mucus in conditions
caused by inflammation, like asthma ... There may be a link between milk and
phlegm in some people, but for now it is only hypothetical"
-
Sixty percent of adults can't drink milk - USATODAY.com, 8/30/09 -
"Somewhat less than 40% of people in the world
retain the ability to digest lactose after childhood. The numbers are often
given as close to 0% of Native Americans, 5% of Asians, 25% of African and
Caribbean peoples, 50% of Mediterranean peoples and 90% of northern
Europeans. Sweden has one of the world's highest percentages of lactase
tolerant people ... Being able to digest milk is so strange that scientists
say we shouldn't really call lactose intolerance a disease, because that
presumes it's abnormal. Instead, they call it lactase persistence,
indicating what's really weird is the ability to continue to drink milk"
-
Low-fat dairy linked to blood pressure improvements: Study - Nutra USA,
1/29/09 - "The systolic and diastolic blood
pressures of those with the highest average level of low-fat dairy intake
(631 grams per day) were 4.2 and 1.8 mmHg lower than for participants with
the lowest average intakes (3.1 grams per day)"
-
Organic Free Grazing Cows Are Cream Of The Crop - Science Daily, 5/27/08
- "organic farmers who let their cows graze as
nature intended are producing better quality milk ... During the summer
months, one of the beneficial fats in particular – conjugated linoleic acid,
or CLA9 – was found to be 60% higher" - See
conjugated linoleic acid at Amazon.com.
-
Nonfat Milk Linked to Prostate Cancer - Medscape, 1/2/08 -
"Intake of calcium and vitamin D has little or no
impact on the risk of prostate cancer, but consumption of low fat or nonfat
milk may increase the risk of the malignancy ... low fat or nonfat milk
increased the risk of localized or low-grade tumors, while whole milk
decreased this risk"
-
Childhood Dairy Intake Linked to Colon Cancer - oncologystat.com,
12/19/07 - "Those who reported high levels of dairy
during childhood were about 3 times more likely to develop colon cancer than
those with low intake. A high intake was considered 2 or more cups a day,
with a low intake being half a cup or less"
-
Progesterone in Dairy Products Poses Risks - Doctor's Guide, 12/14/07 -
"People absorb significant amounts of bovine
progesterone (identical to human progesterone) from dairy products, thanks
to the practice among dairy farmers of keeping dairy cattle pregnant most of
the time"
-
Full-fat dairy may protect prostates from cancer - Nutra USA, 10/10/07 -
"when the researchers considered intakes of specific
dairy products they noted a significant 12 per cent reduction in total
prostate cancer risk by increased whole milk consumption. On the other hand,
low-/nonfat milk was related to 16 per cent increased risk"
-
Milk Helps to Gain Muscle and Lose Fat, Study Shows - Doctor's Guide,
8/8/07 - "the milk drinking group had lost nearly
twice as much fat -- 2 pounds -- while the carbohydrate beverage group lost
one pound of fat. Those drinking soy lost no fat. At the same time, the gain
in muscle was much greater among the milk drinkers than either the soy or
carbohydrate beverage study participants"
-
Drinking milk cuts diabetes risk - BBC News, 7/13/07 -
"metabolic syndrome increased the risk of death by
50% ... men were 62% less likely to have the syndrome if they drank a pint
or more of milk every day, and 56% less likely to have it if they regularly
ate other dairy produce"
-
Skim milk best for pumping up muscle mass - CNN, 4/19/07 -
"eight men who regularly lifted weights were given a
soy beverage or skim milk after performing a series of exercises with one
leg ... For three hours after the workout, the researchers found, muscle
uptake of amino acids was significantly greater when the men drank milk than
when they consumed soy"
-
The Benefits
of Yogurt - WebMD, 3/7/07 - "your body needs to
have a healthy amount of ''good'' bacteria in the digestive tract ... Yogurt
May Help Prevent Osteoporosis ... Yogurt May Reduce the Risk of High Blood
Pressure ... Yogurt With Active Cultures Helps the Gut ... Yogurt With
Active Cultures May Discourage Vaginal Infections ... Yogurt May Help You
Feel Fuller"
-
Dairy Foods May Help Prevent Diabetes - WebMD, 7/11/06 -
"each additional daily dairy serving was associated
with a 4% drop in diabetes risk ... Women with the highest dietary calcium
intake were about 20% less likely to be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes than
the ones who consumed the least amount of calcium ... the findings were
stronger for low-fat dairy products than for high-fat dairy items"
-
Skimmed Milk Reduces The Risk Of Hypertension By 50 Percent - Science
Daily, 12/1/05 - "Those persons with an elevated
consumption of skimmed milk and milk products showed a reduction of 50% in
their risk of developing hypertension, compared with those with a low
consumption or who did not consume these products"
-
More Dairy, Less Metabolic Syndrome? - WebMD, 11/17/05 -
"skim milk or other low-fat dairy products are the
best route to go ... the group with the highest dairy consumption was 40%
less likely to have metabolic syndrome, compared with the group of men with
the lowest dairy consumption"
-
Study Challenges Dairy's Weight Loss Claim - WebMD, 6/6/05
-
Developing PD: Milk Does a Body Bad? - Physician's Weekly, 5/16/05 -
"men who consumed the most milk (more than 16
oz/day) were more than twice as likely to develop PD than were those who
consumed no milk"
- Milk link to
ovarian cancer risk - BBC News, 11/29/04 -
"Dairy products have previously been linked to
cancers, including those of the breast and prostate ... women who consumed
more than four servings of dairy products a day had twice the risk of
serious ovarian cancer than women who had fewer than two"
- Dairy Foods
Help Burn Fat, Speed Weight Loss - WebMD, 4/16/04
- Why Not Drink Milk? -
Dr. Weil, 2/19/03 -
"lactose intolerance isn’t the only problem with
milk and milk products. The milk protein, casein, can irritate the immune
system and stimulate mucus production worsening allergy symptoms. This is
why milk consumption is associated with recurrent childhood ear infections,
eczema, chronic bronchitis, asthma, and sinus conditions. Even those who are
not allergic to milk, like people who have autoimmune diseases or digestive
problems, may find that their symptoms improve when they eliminate milk and
milk products"
-
Dietary Milk Powder Supplements Prevents Bone Loss In Postmenopausal Chinese
Women - Doctor's Guide, 11/1/02
- Got Milk -
WebMD, 9/27/02 -
"A combination of soy and
cow's milk could have some beneficial,
anti-cancer nutrients ... She explains that
conjugated linoleic acid, or CLA, is the key to the cow's role in cancer
prevention. CLA is a minor fatty acid found in milk and milk products and
beef"
- See
iHerb
CLA products.
-
Allergoses in Majority of Families of Children Hypersensitive to Cow's Milk
- Doctor's Guide, 10/15/01
-
Drink To Breast Health - Intelihealth, 10/9/01 -
"Possible anti-cancer factors found in milk include
calcium,
vitamin D and CLA (conjugated
linoleic acid). A recent Finnish study found that women with breast
cancer had significantly lower levels of CLA in their diets and blood,
compared with women without breast cancer. CLA has been shown to block the
local growth and spread of breast cancer in animal studies"
- Cow's Milk May
Cause Type 1 Diabetes in at-Risk Infants - WebMD, 7/23/01 -
"Those fed the formula made without cow's milk were
about 50% less likely to develop proteins that are associated with type 1
diabetes"
Abstracts:
-
Saturated fat from dairy
sources is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk in the Framingham
Offspring Study - Am J Clin Nutr 2022 Oct 28 -
"Males with higher intakes of dairy-derived saturated fats had a less
atherogenic profile than males with lower intakes of these fats. These effects
were weaker in females. Nondairy saturated fats were not associated with these
cardiometabolic outcomes"
-
The association between
dairy products consumption and prostate cancer risk: A systematic review and
meta-analysis - Br J Nutr. 2022 Aug 10 - "We
performed subgroup analyses stratified by dairy type, prostate cancer type,
follow-up years, treatment era, collection times, adjustment for confounders,
and geographic location. In the subgroup analysis stratified by prostate cancer
type, the pooled RRs were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.94-1.03) in the advanced group, 1.10
(95% CI: 0.98-1.24) in the non-advanced group and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84-1.00) in
the fatal group. In dose-response analysis, a positive association for the risk
of prostate cancer was observed for total dairy products 400 g/d (RR: 1.02; 95%
CI: 1.00, 1.03), total milk 200 g/d (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.03), cheese 40
g/d (RR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.03), and butter 50 g/d (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01,
1.05). A decreased risk was observed for the intake of whole milk 100 g/d (RR:
0.97; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.99)"
-
Dairy foods, calcium
intakes, and risk of incident prostate cancer in Adventist Health Study-2 -
Am J Clin Nutr 2022 Jun 8 - "Men with higher intake of
dairy foods, but not nondairy calcium, had a higher risk of prostate cancer
compared with men having lower intakes. Associations were nonlinear, suggesting
greatest increases in risk at relatively low doses"
-
Dairy a Risk Factor for
Parkinson's? - Medscape, 2/9/22 - "The approach
uncovered a significant association between rs4988235 and Parkinson's disease,
with a 70% increase in disease risk per one serving of dairy per day (odds
ratio, 1.70; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-2.60; P = .013). Further analysis
revealed that this finding was driven by men, who had a 2.5-fold increased risk
of Parkinson's disease per one serving per day (OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.37-4.56; P =
.003) versus women, among whom there was no significant association (OR, 1.04
... From a clinical point of view, I suggest to limit dairy intake to a moderate
amount"
-
Total dairy consumption in
relation to overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic
review and meta-analysis - Obes Rev 2021 Dec 8 -
"results showed an inverse association between total dairy consumption and
obesity prevalence (OR (95% CI): 0.66 (0.48-0.91). No significant associations
were found between milk or yogurt and obesity prevalence risk. Regarding
prospective studies, total milk consumption was positively associated with
overweight prevalence (OR (95% CI): 1.13 (1.01-1.26)) and incidence (RR (95%CI):
1.17 (1.01-1.35)) risk. Evidence from pooled analysis of cross-sectional studies
suggested an inverse association between total dairy consumption and obesity"
-
Dairy protein intake is
inversely related to development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - Clin
Nutr 2021 Aug 25 - "Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
(NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is closely related to
metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic
syndrome. Dairy protein, rich in casein and whey protein, could help to reduce
metabolic diseases ... We found that higher dairy protein intake was
significantly and inversely associated with the risk of incident NAFLD in men
and women aged ≥50 years. Consumption of milk and other dairy products could
help prevent the development of NAFLD"
-
Maternal Intake of Cow's
Milk during Lactation Is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Food Allergy in
Offspring - Nutrients 2020 Nov 28 - "An increased
maternal intake of cow's milk during lactation, confirmed with biomarkers (fatty
acids C15:0 and C17:0) in the maternal blood and breast milk, was associated
with a lower prevalence of physician-diagnosed food allergy by 12 months of age.
Intake of fruit and berries during lactation was associated with a higher
prevalence of atopic eczema at 12 months of age"
-
Associations of dairy
product consumption with mortality in the European Prospective Investigation
into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Italy cohort - Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Aug 21
- "In this Italian cohort characterized by low to
average milk consumption, we found no evidence of a dose-response association
between milk consumption and mortality and also no association of consumption of
other dairy products investigated with mortality"
-
Relations between dairy
product intake and blood pressure: the INTERnational study on MAcro/micronutrients
and blood Pressure - J Hypertens. 2018 Jun 20 - "Low-fat dairy consumption
was associated with lower BP, especially among participants with low ACR.
Dairy-rich nutrients including phosphorus and calcium may have contributed to
the beneficial associations with BP"
-
Meta-Analysis of Milk
Consumption and the Risk of Cognitive Disorders - Nutrients. 2016 Dec
20;8(12) - "The highest level of milk consumption was
significantly associated with a decreased risk of cognitive disorders, and the
pooled OR (95% CI) was 0.72"
-
Dairy Intake Enhances Body
Weight and Composition Changes during Energy Restriction in 18-50-Year-Old
Adults-A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials - Nutrients. 2016 Jul
1;8(7) - "Participants consumed between 2 and 4 standard
servings/day of dairy food or 20-84 g/day of whey protein compared to low dairy
control diets, over a median of 16 weeks. A greater reduction in body weight
(-1.16 kg [-1.66, -0.66 kg], p < 0.001, I² = 11%, QR = high, n = 644) and body
fat mass (-1.49 kg [-2.06, -0.92 kg], p < 0.001, I² = 21%, n = 521, QR = high)
were found in studies largely including women (90% women). These effects were
absent in studies that imposed resistance training (QR = low-moderate). Dairy
intake resulted in smaller loss of lean mass (all trials pooled: 0.36 kg [0.01,
0.71 kg], p = 0.04, I² = 64%, n = 651, QR = moderate)"
-
Consumption
of Dairy Products and Cognitive Functioning: Findings from the SU.VI.MAX 2 Study
- J Nutr Health Aging. 2016;20(2):128-137 - "Total dairy
product consumption was not associated with cognitive function. However, milk
intake was negatively associated with verbal memory performance: mean difference
T3 versus T1= -0.99 (-1.83, -0.15). Among women, consuming more than the
recommended amount of dairy was negatively associated with working memory
performance: excess versus adequate = -1.52"
-
Dairy
Consumption Lowers Systemic Inflammation and Liver Enzymes in Typically
Low-Dairy Consumers with Clinical Characteristics of Metabolic Syndrome - J
Am Coll Nutr. 2015 Nov 23:1-7 - "This was a randomized
study in which participants consumed low-fat dairy (LFD) (10 oz 1% milk, 6 oz
nonfat yogurt, 4 oz 2% cheese) or a carbohydrate-based control (CNT) (1.5 oz
granola bar and 12 oz 100% juice) for 6 weeks ... Participants had lower
concentrations of both hepatic alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.05) and aspartate
aminotransferase (p < 0.005) after the LFD period. No significant changes in any
of the plasma inflammatory compounds were found when all data were analyzed
together. In contrast, expression of IL-1b and IL-6 were reduced by 46% and 63%,
respectively, compared to the control period ... We conclude that three dairy
servings per day improved both liver function and systemic inflammation in
subjects with MetS" - See my Greek yogurt recipe at the top of
my yogurt page.
-
Dairy
consumption and risk of metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis - Diabet Med.
2015 Oct 3 - "In the meta-analysis of prospective cohort
studies, the pooled relative risk of incidence of metabolic syndrome for the
highest vs. the lowest category of dairy consumption was 0.85 (95% CI
0.73-0.98), and for a 1-serving/day increment of dairy consumption, the pooled
relative risk was 0.88 (95% CI 0.82-0.95). In the meta-analysis of
cross-sectional studies, the pooled relative risk of prevalence of metabolic
syndrome for the highest vs. the lowest category of dairy consumption was 0.73
(95% CI 0.63-0.86)"
-
Longitudinal
association of dairy consumption with the changes in blood pressure and the risk
of incident hypertension: the Framingham Heart Study - Br J Nutr. 2015 Sep
23 - "incident hypertension (HTN) ... Greater intakes of total dairy foods,
total low-fat/fat-free dairy foods, low-fat/skimmed milk and yoghurt were
associated with smaller annualised increments in SBP and a lower risk of
projected HTN incidence. However, with the exception of total dairy foods and
yoghurt, these inverse associations with HTN risk were attenuated as the
follow-up time increased. For yoghurt, each additional serving was associated
with 6 (95 % CI 1, 10) % reduced risk of incident HTN. Total dairy and total
low-fat/fat-free dairy intakes were found to be inversely related to changes in
DBP. Dairy consumption, as part of a nutritious and energy-balanced diet
pattern, may benefit BP control and prevent or delay the onset of HTN"
-
Dairy
Consumption and Risk of Frailty in Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
- J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015 Aug 27 - "Participants
consuming seven or more servings per week of low-fat milk and yogurt had lower
incidence of frailty (OR = 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.29-0.90; P for
trend = .03) than those consuming less than one serving per week. Specifically,
consumers of seven or more servings per week of low-fat milk and yogurt had less
risk of slow walking speed (OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.44-0.92, P trend = .01) and of
weight loss (OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.33-0.87, P trend = .02). Consuming seven or
more servings per week of whole milk or yogurt (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.90-2.60, P
trend = .10) or of cheese (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.52-1.61; P trend = .61) was not
associated with incident frailty" - Note: The "Results" paragraph
of this abstract seems to contradict itself.
-
Circulating
biomarkers of dairy fat and risk of incident stroke in U.S. men and women in 2
large prospective cohorts - Am J Clin Nutr. 2014 Dec;100(6):1437-1447 -
"In 2 large prospective cohorts, circulating biomarkers
of dairy fat were not significantly associated with stroke"
-
Muscle
p70S6K phosphorylation in response to soy and dairy rich meals in middle aged
men with metabolic syndrome: a randomised crossover trial - Nutrition &
Metabolism 2014, 11:46 - "These data demonstrate that
the consumption of a dairy-protein rich but not a soy-protein rich breakfast
activates the phosphorylation of mTOR and ribosomal protein S6, required for
protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle. Unlike healthy controls, subjects
with MetS did not increase muscle p70S6K(Thr389) phosphorylation in response to
a mixed meal" - [Nutra
USA]
-
Is Dairy
Intake Associated to Breast Cancer? A Case Control Study of Iranian Women
- Nutr Cancer. 2013 Sep 25 - "100 cases and 175
controls ... Dietary data were assessed using a validated food frequency
questionnaire ... We observed that higher consumption of total dairy intake
was accompanied with reduced breast cancer risk [odds ratio (OR) = 0.14, 95%
CI = 0.04-0.38]. A similar inverse association was also observed for higher
intakes of low-fat and fermented dairy products (P for trend <0.05). Lower
intake of high-fat dairy was associated with reduced odds of breast cancer,
and no significant association was found between nonfermented dairy and
breast cancer risk. Our study demonstrates the protective effects of high
intakes of total dairy, low-fat and fermented dairy, as well as low intakes
of high-fat dairy products against breast cancer risk and shows no
association with nonfermented dairy" - Note: Did I read that right,
'0.14' or an 86% reduction in risk? See my yogurt recipe at the top of my
yogurt page.
-
Milk and
Dairy Consumption and Risk of Dementia in an Elderly Japanese Population: The
Hisayama Study - J Am Geriatr Soc. 2014 Jun 10 -
"vascular dementia (VaD) ... The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of all-cause
dementia, AD, and VaD significantly decreased as milk and dairy intake level
increased (P for trend = .03 for all-cause dementia, .04 for AD, .01 for VaD)"
-
Association
between fat amount of dairy products with pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media
thickness in adults - Nutr J. 2014 Apr 24;13(1):37 -
"intima-media thickness (IMT) was measured by carotid ultrasonography. Pulse
wave velocity (PWV) ... PWV and IMT showed an inverse association with the
intake of low-fat dairy and a positive association with the intake of whole-fat
dairy, so the amount of fat in dairy products can play an important role in
arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis"
-
Consumption
of dairy products and the 15-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration
- Br J Nutr. 2014 Feb 6:1-7 - "In the Blue Mountains Eye
Study, 2037 participants aged 49 years or above at baseline were re-examined at
follow-up in 1997-9, 2002-4 and/or 2007-9. AMD was assessed from retinal
photographs. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ, and
servings of dairy product consumption calculated ... a significant linear trend
(P for trend = 0.003) was observed with decreasing consumption of total dairy
foods and the 15-year incidence of late AMD, comparing the lowest v. highest
quintile of intake (OR 2.80, 95 % CI 1.21, 3.04). Over the 15 years, decreased
consumption of reduced-fat dairy foods was associated with an increased risk of
incident late AMD, comparing the lowest to highest quintile of intake (OR 3.10,
95 % CI 1.18, 8.14, P for trend = 0.04). Decreasing total dietary Ca intake over
the 15 years was also associated with an increased risk of developing incident
late AMD"
-
Dairy foods
and risk of stroke: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies - Nutr
Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Dec 25 - "searching Embase
(1950-November, 2013), Web of Knowledge (1950-November, 2013) and Pubmed
(1945-November, 2013) ... Total dairy [relative risk (95% CI): 0.88
(0.82-0.94)], low-fat dairy [0.91 (0.85-0.97)], fermented milk [0.80
(0.71-0.89)] and cheese [0.94 (0.89-0.995)] were significantly associated with
reduced risk of stroke, but whole/high-fat dairy, nonfermented milk, butter and
cream were not significantly associated with risk of stroke ... A non-linear
dose-response relationship (P = 2.80*10-13) between milk and risk of stroke was
found, and the relative risk of stroke was 0.88 (0.86-0.91), 0.82 (0.79-0.86),
0.83 (0.79-0.86), 0.85 (0.81-0.89), 0.86 (0.82-0.91), 0.91 (0.84-0.98) and 0.94
(0.86-1.02) for 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 ml/day of milk,
respectively"
| ml/day of milk |
risk of stroke |
| 100 (0.42 cups) |
0.88 |
| 200 (0.85 cups) |
0.82 |
| 300 (1.27 cups) |
0.83 |
| 400 (1.69 cups) |
0.85 |
| 500 (2.11 cups) |
0.86 |
| 600 (2.54 cups) |
0.91 |
| 700 (2.96) |
0.94 |
-
Dairy Food
Intake, Peripheral Bone Structure and Muscle Mass in Elderly Ambulatory Women
- J Bone Miner Res. 2014 Jan 20 - "elderly women aged
80-92 (mean 84.7) years, who were participants of the CAIFOS/CARES cohort and
attended the 10-year follow-up ... Women were categorized according to tertiles
of dairy intake: first tertile (≤1.5 servings/day), second tertile (1.5-2.2
servings/day) and third tertile (≥2.2 servings/day) ... compared to those in the
first tertile of dairy intake, women in the third tertile had 5.7% greater total
bone mass ... Our results suggest a positive association of dairy intake with
appendicular bone mineralization and muscle mass in elderly women. Because many
fractures in this age group are of the appendicular skeleton often associated
with falls, dairy intake may be a modifiable lifestyle factor contributing to
healthy ageing"
-
Lower dairy
products and calcium intake is associated with adverse retinal vascular changes
in older adults - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Jan 10 -
"Higher
consumption of dairy products and calcium is likely to play a role in
maintaining optimal vascular health ... 2813 Blue Mountains Eye Study
participants aged 50+ years had dietary data collected using a semi-quantitative
food frequency questionnaire, and serves of dairy consumption were calculated. Fundus photographs were taken and retinal vascular caliber measured using
computer-assisted techniques and summarized ... participants in the lowest
quintile of total dairy consumption compared to those in the remaining highest 4
quintiles had significantly wider retinal venular caliber, 227.2 versus 224.7
μm, respectively (multivariable-adjusted p = 0.002)"
-
Dairy Foods
and Dairy Protein Consumption Is Inversely Related to Markers of Adiposity in
Obese Men and Women - Nutrients. 2013 Nov 20;5(11):4665-4684 -
"We sought to examine relationships between energy,
protein and calcium consumption from dairy foods (milk, yoghurt, cheese, dairy
spreads, ice-cream) and adiposity including body mass index (BMI), waist (WC)
and hip circumference (HC), and direct measures of body composition using dual
energy X-ray absorptiometry (% body fat and abdominal fat) in an opportunistic
sample of 720 overweight/obese Australian men and women ... Overall dairy food
consumption (g/day) was inversely associated with BMI, % body fat and WC (all p
< 0.05). Dairy protein and dairy calcium (g/day) were both inversely associated
with all adiposity measures (all p < 0.05). Yoghurt consumption (g/day) was
inversely associated with % body fat, abdominal fat, WC and HC (all p < 0.05),
while reduced fat milk consumption was inversely associated with BMI, WC, HC and
% body fat (all p < 0.05). Within a sample of obese adults, consumption of dairy
products, dairy protein, and calcium was associated with more favourable body
composition"
-
Dairy
consumption, type 2 diabetes and changes in cardiometabolic traits-a prospective
cohort study of middle-aged and older Chinese in Beijing and Shanghai -
Diabetes Care. 2013 Sep 11 - "2,091 middle-aged and
older Chinese men and women were recruited and followed for 6 years. Baseline
dairy consumption was assessed by a 74-item food frequency questionnaire ...
Compared to non-consumers, relative risks (RR) and 95%CIs of type 2 diabetes
among those having 0.5-1 serving/day and >1 serving/day were 0.70(0.55, 0.88)
and 0.65(0.49, 0.85), respectively, after multivariate adjustment
(Ptrend<0.001), which was attenuated by further adjusting for changes in glucose
during follow-up (Ptrend=0.07). Total dairy consumption was associated with
favorable changes in glucose, waistline, BMI, diastolic blood pressure (All
Ptrend<0.05) and systolic blood pressure (Ptrend=0.05) after multivariate
adjustment including baseline values of dependent variables ... Dairy
consumption was associated with a significantly lower risk of type 2 diabetes
and favorable changes of cardiometabolic traits in Chinese"
-
Maternal
milk consumption, birth size and adult height of offspring: a prospective cohort
study with 20 years of follow-up - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2013 Sep 4 -
"809 Danish pregnant women was recruited in 1988-1989,
with offspring follow-up at ~ 20 years of age (n=685). Milk consumption was
assessed at gestational week 30 using a food frequency questionnaire ... Our
findings add to recent observations that maternal milk consumption may have a
growth-promoting effect with respect to weight and length at birth. Furthermore,
the results provide some suggestion that this effect may even track into early
adult age, although further studies with more statistical power are needed for
that purpose"
-
Dairy
products and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response
meta-analysis of cohort studies - Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Aug 14 -
"searched the PubMed database for prospective cohort and
nested case-control studies of dairy product intake and risk of type 2 diabetes
up to 5 June 2013 ... the summary RRs (95% CIs) were 0.93 (0.87, 0.99; I2 = 33%)
per 400 g total dairy products/d (n = 12), 0.98 (0.94, 1.03; I2 = 8%) per 200 g
high-fat dairy products/d (n = 9), 0.91 (0.86, 0.96; I2 = 40%) per 200 g low-fat
dairy products/d (n = 9), 0.87 (0.72, 1.04; I2 = 94%) per 200 g milk/d (n = 7),
0.92 (0.86, 0.99; I2 = 0%) per 50 g cheese/d (n = 8), and 0.78 (0.60, 1.02; I2 =
70%) per 200 g yogurt/d (n = 7) ... This meta-analysis suggests that there is a
significant inverse association between intakes of dairy products, low-fat dairy
products, and cheese and risk of type 2 diabetes" - Note: Yogurt was the
most protective at .78 per 200 grams. 200 grams is 7 ounces. See my yogurt
recipe on my yogurt page.
-
Consumption
of low-fat dairy foods for 6 months improves insulin resistance without
adversely affecting lipids or bodyweight in healthy adults: a randomized
free-living cross-over study - Nutr J. 2013 May 2;12(1):56 -
"Twenty-three healthy subjects completed a randomized,
crossover trial of 12 months. Participants consumed their habitual diets and
were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: a high dairy supplemented
group instructed to consume 4 servings of dairy per day (HD); or a low dairy
supplemented group limited to no more than 2 servings of dairy per day (LD) ...
HD consumption improved (p < 0.05) plasma insulin (-9%,) and insulin resistance
(-11%, p = 0.03) as estimated by HOMA-IR compared with the LD group"
-
Whole Milk
Intake Is Associated with Prostate Cancer-Specific Mortality among U.S. Male
Physicians - J Nutr. 2012 Dec 19 - "28-y follow-up
... Physicians' Health Study ... The intake of total dairy products was
associated with increased PCa incidence [HR = 1.12 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.35); >2.5
servings/d vs. ≤0.5 servings/d]. Skim/low-fat milk intake was positively
associated with risk of low-grade, early stage, and screen-detected cancers,
whereas whole milk intake was associated only with fatal PCa [HR = 1.49 (95% CI:
0.97, 2.28); ≥237 mL/d (1 serving/d) vs. rarely consumed]. In the survival
analysis, whole milk intake remained associated with risk of progression to
fatal disease after diagnosis [HR = 2.17 (95% CI: 1.34, 3.51)]"
-
The amount
and type of dairy product intake and incident type 2 diabetes: results from the
EPIC-InterAct Study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jul 3 -
"This large prospective study found no association between total dairy
product intake and diabetes risk. An inverse association of cheese intake and
combined fermented dairy product intake with diabetes is suggested, which merits
further study"
-
Dairy
Products and the Metabolic Syndrome in a Prospective Study, DESIR - J Am
Coll Nutr. 2011 Oct;30(5 Suppl 1):454S-63S - "Total
dairy product consumption, dairy (except cheese) consumption, and dietary
calcium density were inversely associated with incident MetS and IFG/T2D.
Cheese consumption was negatively associated with incident MetS but not with
glycemic disorders. All parameters were associated with lower diastolic
blood pressure and triglycerides (average over the 9-year period) and with a
lower BMI gain in the same period. Higher total dairy and cheese intake and
calcium density were associated with a lower increase in waist circumference
and triglycerides during the 9-year follow-up"
-
Milk
Consumption and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Published
Epidemiological Studies - Nutr Cancer. 2011 Nov 1 -
"Studies investigating the association of milk
consumption with bladder cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. We
conducted a meta-analysis of published cohort and case-control studies to
pool the risk estimates of the association between milk intake and bladder
cancer ... High milk intake was significantly associated with decreased risk
of bladder cancer (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71-0.97) when comparing the highest
with the lowest category of milk intake. The inverse association was
stronger in Asia (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40-0.81) than North America (OR, 0.89;
95% CI, 0.76-1.03), and no association was observed in Europe (OR, 1.05; 95%
CI, 0.85-1.26). This relationship also varied significantly by specific
dairy products. Our results suggest that milk may be related to the
reduction of bladder cancer risk. Further studies need to clarify the
biological mechanisms"
-
Effect
of soy and milk protein supplementation on serum lipid levels: a randomized
controlled trial - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011 Sep 28 -
"Previous clinical trials have documented that soy
protein reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increases
high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared with milk protein ...
Compared with carbohydrate, soy protein supplementation was significantly
associated with a net change (95% confidence interval (CI)) in total
cholesterol and total/HDL cholesterol ratio of -3.97 mg/dl (-7.63 to -0.31,
P=0.03) and -0.12 (-0.23 to -0.01, P=0.03), respectively. Compared with milk
protein, soy protein supplementation was significantly associated with a net
change (95% CI) in HDL and total/HDL cholesterol ratio of 1.54 mg/dl (0.63
to 2.44, P=0.0009) and -0.14 (-0.22 to -0.05, P=0.001), respectively.
Compared with carbohydrate, milk protein supplementation was significantly
associated with a net change (95% CI) in HDL of -1.13 mg/dl (-2.05 to -0.22,
P=0.02). Conclusions: This randomized controlled trial indicates that soy
protein, but not milk protein, supplementation improves the lipid profile
among healthy individuals"
-
A Diet
High in Low-Fat Dairy Products Lowers Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women
- J Nutr. 2011 Sep 21 - "After multivariable
adjustment, low-fat dairy product consumption was inversely associated with
the risk of type 2 diabetes. RR was roughly 0.5-0.6 in the upper quintiles
compared with the lowest quintile (median servings/d, 2.8 in the 5th
quintile and 1.5 in the 4th quintile vs. 0.05 in the first quintile; P-trend
< 0.001). The inverse relationship was more pronounced in women with a
higher BMI. High yogurt consumption was associated with a significant
decrease in diabetes risk, whereas there was no relationship between
high-fat dairy product consumption and diabetes risk"
-
The oslo
health study: cheese intake was negatively associated with the metabolic
syndrome - J Am Coll Nutr. 2011 Jun;30(3):182-90 -
"frequency of cheese intake (FCI) ... In young (30
years), middle-aged (40 and 45 years), seniors (59-60), and old (75-76
years) subjects, there was an inverse association between FCI and MetSRisk
(p ≤ 0.005, except in old men). Using regression, we found a consistent
negative association (p < 0.001) between FCI and MetSRisk, SumRisk, single
MetS components, and the complete MetS, prevailing after controlling for
sex, age, time since last meal, intake of fruit/berries, fruit juice, fatty
fish, coffee, alcohol, smoking, leisure time physical activity, years at
school, and birthplace. FCI was also negatively associated with body mass
index (p < 0.02), except in old women"
-
Increased Consumption of Dairy Foods and Protein during Diet- and
Exercise-Induced Weight Loss Promotes Fat Mass Loss and Lean Mass Gain in
Overweight and Obese Premenopausal Women - J Nutr. 2011 Jul 20 -
"Weight loss can have substantial health benefits
for overweight or obese persons; however, the ratio of fat:lean tissue loss
may be more important. We aimed to determine how daily exercise (resistance
and/or aerobic) and a hypoenergetic diet varying in protein and calcium
content from dairy foods would affect the composition of weight lost in
otherwise healthy, premenopausal, overweight, and obese women. Ninety
participants were randomized to 3 groups (n = 30/group): high protein, high
dairy (HPHD), adequate protein, medium dairy (APMD), and adequate protein,
low dairy (APLD) differing in the quantity of total dietary protein and
dairy food-source protein consumed: 30 and 15%, 15 and 7.5%, or 15 and <2%
of energy, respectively. Body composition was measured by DXA at 0, 8, and
16 wk and MRI (n = 39) to assess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) volume at 0
and 16 wk. All groups lost body weight (P < 0.05) and fat (P < 0.01);
however, fat loss during wk 8-16 was greater in the HPHD group than in the
APMD and APLD groups (P < 0.05). The HPHD group gained lean tissue with a
greater increase during 8-16 wk than the APMD group, which maintained lean
mass and the APLD group, which lost lean mass (P < 0.05). The HPHD group
also lost more VAT as assessed by MRI (P < 0.05) and trunk fat as assessed
by DXA (P < 0.005) than the APLD group. The reduction in VAT in all groups
was correlated with intakes of calcium (r = 0.40; P < 0.05) and protein (r =
0.32; P < 0.05). Therefore, diet- and exercise-induced weight loss with
higher protein and increased dairy product intakes promotes more favorable
body composition changes in women characterized by greater total and
visceral fat loss and lean mass gain" - Note: See the yogurt recipe
on my yogurt page.
-
Effect
of Dietary Protein Supplementation on Blood Pressure: A Randomized,
Controlled Trial - Circulation. 2011 Jul 18 -
"The trial participants were assigned to take 40 g/d soy protein, milk
protein, or carbohydrate supplementation each for 8 weeks in a random order.
A 3-week washout period was implemented between the interventions. Three BPs
were measured at 2 baseline and 2 termination visits during each of 3
intervention phases with a random-zero sphygmomanometer. Compared with
carbohydrate controls, soy protein and milk protein supplementations were
significantly associated with -2.0 mm Hg (95% confidence interval -3.2 to
-0.7 mm Hg, P=0.002) and -2.3 mm Hg (-3.7 to -1.0 mm Hg, P=0.0007) net
changes in systolic BP, respectively. Diastolic BP was also reduced, but
this change did not reach statistical significance. There was no significant
difference in the BP reductions achieved between soy or milk protein
supplementation"
-
Adolescent dairy product consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in
middle-aged women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jul 13 -
"Compared with women in the lowest quintile of high
school dairy product intake, those in the highest quintile (2 servings/d)
had a 38% lower risk of T2D (RR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.83; P-trend =
0.0006), after adjustment for high school risk factors. After adjustment for
adult risk factors, the association persisted (RR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54, 0.97;
P-trend = 0.02) but was attenuated after adjustment for adult dairy product
consumption. In a multivariate joint comparison of dairy product consumption
by adults and high school adolescents, compared with women with consistently
low intakes, those with consistently high intakes had the lowest risk of T2D
(RR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.82) ... Our data suggest that higher dairy
product intake during adolescence is associated with a lower risk of T2D.
Some of the benefit of dairy product intake during high school may be due to
the persistence of the consumption pattern during adulthood"
-
Association between yogurt, milk, and cheese consumption and common carotid
artery intima-media thickness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in
elderly women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 May 25 -
"Total dairy product, milk, and cheese consumption was not associated with
CCA-IMT (P > 0.05), whereas yogurt consumption was negatively associated
with CCA-IMT (unadjusted standardized β = -0.081, P = 0.008; baseline risk
factor-adjusted standardized β = -0.075, P = 0.015). Participants who
consumed >100 g yogurt/d had a significantly lower CCA-IMT than did
participants with lower consumption (unadjusted = -0.024 mm, P = 0.002).
This relation remained significant after adjustment for baseline, dietary,
and lifestyle risk factors (multivariable analysis = -0.023 mm, P = 0.003)
... Increased consumption of yogurt, but not of other dairy products, is
associated with a lower CCA-IMT, independent of other risk factors"
-
Dairy
consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of cohort
studies - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2011 May 11 - "A
combined RR of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.79-0.92) was revealed
on T2DM risk associated to dairy intake, with little evidence of
heterogeneity. For subgroup analysis, a combined RR was 0.82 (95% CI,
0.74-0.90), 1.00 (95% CI, 0.89-1.10), 0.95 (95% CI, 0.86-1.05) and 0.83 (95%
CI, 0.74-0.93) for the intake of low-fat dairy, high-fat dairy, whole milk
and yogurt, respectively. Dose-response analysis showed that T2DM risk could
be reduced 5% for total dairy products and 10% for low-fat dairy products.
Conclusion: An inverse association of daily intake of dairy products,
especially low-fat dairy, with T2DM was revealed, indicating a beneficial
effect of dairy consumption in the prevention of T2DM development"
-
Biomarkers of dairy intake and the risk of heart disease - Nutr Metab
Cardiovasc Dis. 2011 May 4 - "The association
between the FFQ measure of dairy intake and MI showed evidence of a possible
threshold effect, with a protective association observed for all but the top
quintile of the exposure distribution ... Dairy product intake as assessed
by adipose tissue 15:0, 17:0, and by FFQ is not associated with a linear
increase in the risk of MI in the study population. It is possible that the
adverse effect of saturated fat in dairy products on cardiovascular health
is offset by presence of beneficial nutrients"
-
Dairy
Consumption and the Incidence of Hyperglycemia and the Metabolic Syndrome:
Results from a French prospective study, Data from the Epidemiological Study
on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR) - Diabetes Care. 2011
Apr;34(4):813-817 - "Dairy products other than
cheese, and dietary calcium density, were inversely associated with incident
MetS and IFG/T2D; cheese was negatively associated with incident MetS. All
three parameters were associated with lower diastolic blood pressure, and
with a lower BMI gain. Higher cheese intake and calcium density were
associated with a lower increase in waist circumference and lower
triglyceride levels. Calcium density was also associated with a lower
systolic blood pressure and a lower 9-year increase in plasma triglyceride
levels. CONCLUSIONS A higher consumption of dairy products and calcium was
associated with a lower 9-year incidence of MetS and IFG/T2D in a large
cohort drawn from the general population"
-
A
systematic review and meta-analysis of elevated blood pressure and
consumption of dairy foods - J Hum Hypertens. 2011 Feb 10 -
"elevated blood pressure (EBP) ... Meta-analysis of
consumption of dairy foods and EBP in adults gave a relative risk (RR) of
0.87 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.81-0.94). Separation of high- and
low-fat dairy foods, however, indicated a significant association with
low-fat dairy foods only (RR of 0.84 (95% CI 0.74-0.95)). Additional
analyses showed no association between EBP and cheese, although fluid dairy
foods were significantly associated with a reduced development in EBP (RR of
0.92 (95% CI 0.87-0.98)). Little heterogeneity was observed among the data
presented. This meta-analysis supports the inverse association between
low-fat dairy foods and fluid dairy foods and risk of EBP"
-
Milk and
dairy consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause
mortality: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies -
Am J Clin Nutr. 2010 Nov 10
-
Childhood dairy intake and adult cancer risk: 65-y follow-up of the Boyd Orr
cohort - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;86(6):1722-9 -
"High childhood total dairy intake was associated with a near-tripling in
the odds of colorectal cancer [multivariate odds ratio: 2.90 (95% CI: 1.26,
6.65); 2-sided P for trend = 0.005] compared with low intake, independent of
meat, fruit, and vegetable intakes and socioeconomic indicators"
-
Milk consumption during pregnancy is associated with increased infant size
at birth: prospective cohort study - Am J Clin Nutr. 2007
Oct;86(4):1104-1110 - "gestational age (SGA) ...
large-for-gestational age (LGA) ... Milk intake in pregnancy was associated
with higher birth weight for gestational age, lower risk of SGA, and higher
risk of LGA"
-
Milk consumption is a risk factor for prostate cancer in Western countries:
evidence from cohort studies - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(3):467-76 -
"The summary RR was 1.13 (95% confidence interval =
1.02-1.24) when comparing the highest with the lowest quantile of
consumption ... This is biologically plausible since milk contains
considerable amounts of fat, hormones, and calcium that are associated with
prostate cancer risk"
-
High intakes of milk, but not meat, increase s-insulin and insulin
resistance in 8-year-old boys - Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Nov 17 -
"a short-term high milk, but not meat, intake
increased insulin secretion and resistance. The long-term consequences of
this are unknown"
-
Calcium, vitamin D, milk consumption, and hip fractures: a prospective study
among postmenopausal women - Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Feb;77(2):504-11 -
"Women consuming 12.5 µg
vitamin D/d from food plus supplements had a 37% lower risk of
hip fracture (RR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.94) than did women consuming <
3.5 µg/d. Total calcium
intake was not associated with hip fracture risk (RR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.68,
1.34 for 1200 compared with < 600 mg/d). Milk consumption was also not
associated with a lower risk of hip fracture (P for trend = 0.21)"
-
Dairy Consumption, Obesity, and the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Young
Adults: The CARDIA Study - JAMA. 2002 Apr 24;287(16):2081-9
-
Milk, dietary calcium, and bone fractures in women: a 12-year prospective
study - Am J Public Health 1997 Jun;87(6):992-7 -
"These data do not support the hypothesis that
higher consumption of milk or other food sources of calcium by adult women
protects against hip or forearm fractures"
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