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Anti-aging Research > Whey
Whey
Specific Recommendations:
News & Research:
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Ideal protein to help seniors rebuild lost muscle - Science Daily,
10/10/18 - "Researchers found that protein did not
stop lean muscle loss caused by inactivity, however, whey supplements helped
to rebuild muscle once the participants activities resumed ... whey versus
collagen protein ... Whey is considered a high-quality or complete protein,
meaning it is rich in all essential amino acids and is higher in leucine,
one of the essential amino acids the body cannot make itself and therefore,
must derive from food ... Collagen peptides, by comparison, are much lower
in their leucine content, lack or are low in essential amino acids ... While
protein was ineffective in mitigating muscle loss, say researchers, when
participants returned to normal, muscle-building activity, the whey group
recovered more skeletal muscle" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com
and
leucine products at Amazon.com.
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Whey
beneficially affects diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk factors in
obese adults - Science Daily, 4/30/14 - "They
gave volunteers who were obese and non-diabetic the same meal of soup and
bread plus one kind of protein, either from whey, gluten, casein (another
milk protein) or cod. The scientists found that the meal supplemented with
whey caused the subjects' stomachs to empty slower than the others'. These
subjects also had lower levels of fatty acids in their blood after meals but
higher amounts of the specific types of amino acids that boost insulin
levels"
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Effects of Soy, Whey Protein Supplementation Post-Exercise - Science
Daily, 10/12/13 - "Our main findings demonstrate
that 14 days of supplementation with soy protein does appear to partially
blunt serum testosterone. In addition, whey influences the response of
cortisol following an acute bout of resistance exercise by blunting its
increase during recovery"
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Eating protein throughout the day preserves muscle and physical function in
dieting postmenopausal women, study suggests - Science Daily, 8/10/11 -
"higher protein intake during weight loss can offset
negative effects on muscle mass by maintaining more muscle relative to the
amount of weight lost. Women who ate more protein lost 3.9 percent more
weight and had a relative gain of 5.8 percent more thigh muscle volume than
woman who did not ... 31 healthy, postmenopausal obese women were divided
into two groups. Each group followed a 1,400-calorie weight-loss diet based
on USDA's My Pyramid, but one group received a powdered whey protein
supplement in the morning and again in the afternoon or evening; the other
received a placebo that contained carbohydrates ... We hypothesize that more
vigorous exercise -- in particular, resistance training -- would preserve
even more muscle" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com
or try the yogurt recipe at the top of my yogurt
page.
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Whey Protein May Be Helpful for Weight Loss - WebMD, 7/15/11 -
"Researchers at the U.S. Department of Agriculture's
Human Nutrition Research Center randomly assigned 90 overweight and obese
middle-aged adults to one of three groups. The first group was asked to add
protein drinks made with whey to their normal diets, the second group drank
protein drinks made with soy protein, and the third group drank carbohydrate
drinks ... the drinks, which were drunk twice daily, at breakfast and
dinner, had the same number of calories: 200. They also all had had 52 grams
per packet, for a daily total of 104 grams of added protein or carbs ...
After six months, people drinking the carbohydrate shakes had gained a
little bit of weight, about 2 pounds, which appeared to be mainly added fat
... People drinking the soy shakes had stayed about the same weight as where
they started ... But people drinking the whey protein had lost a little bit
of weight and body fat, about 2 pounds. Additionally, while the other groups
saw little change in the size of their waists, the whey protein group lost
about an inch around the middle ... a couple of things may help to explain
the weight and fat loss seen with whey protein ... People in the whey
protein group had significantly lower blood levels of the hormone ghrelin
than people eating the soy protein or carbohydrate ... And though
researchers really can't explain why this happened or what it means, they
found that people drinking the whey protein had cut back on their
carbohydrate intake by the end of the study, even though they weren't eating
fewer total calories and didn't know what kind of supplement they were
getting ... researchers advise picking a whey product that is also low in
calories and fat"
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Whey protein may cut metabolic risk of high-fat diet: Mouse study -
Nutra USA, 3/24/11
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Whey protein holds fat fighting potential, suggests study - Nutra USA,
2/3/11 - "The amount of fat inside liver cells
(known as intra-hepatocellular lipid concentrations – IHCL) in subjects fed
a short term high fat diet has been previously shown to be reduced again
through increasing dietary protein intake ... four weeks of supplementation
with whey protein led to a significant decrease in IHCL of 21 percent,
whilst fasting plasma triglyceride was observed to decrease by 15 percent,
and total plasma cholesterol concentration decreased by over 7 percent"
- [Abstract]
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Whey
supplements lower blood pressure: Low-cost protein gets big results in
people with elevated blood pressure - Science Daily, 12/8/10 -
"Beverages supplemented by whey-based protein can
significantly reduce elevated blood pressure, reducing the risk of stroke
and heart disease ... daily doses of commonly available whey brought a more
than six-point reduction in the average blood pressure of men and women with
elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressures ... blood-pressure
reductions like those seen by Fluegel can reduce cardiovascular disease and
bring a 35 to 40 percent reduction in fatal strokes"
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Whey protein better than meat for reducing body weight - Nutra USA,
6/7/04 -
"Increasing the dietary density of whey protein, but
not of red meat, reduced body weight gain by 4 per cent, they add, while
whey protein also reduced plasma insulin concentration by 40 per cent and
increased insulin sensitivity, compared to meat protein"
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Athletes Believe The "Whey" To Greater Muscle Strength Is Through Training
And Protein Supplements - Intelihealth, 4/10/03 -
"supplementation with a100% whey isolate formulation
and creatine produced greater muscle fiber
growth increases that transferred into significant increases in functional
strength"
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The New Faces Of Whey - Life Extension Magazine, 1/02 -
"whey may be able to reduce stress and depression by
lowering cortisol and increasing brain serotonin, improve liver function (in
those suffering from certain forms of hepatitis) and reduce blood pressure"
Abstracts:
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Whey Protein Concentrate
Ameliorates the Methotrexate-Induced Liver and Kidney Damage - Br J Nutr
2023 Mar 23 - "Methotrexate (MTX) is a cytotoxic
immunosuppressant that is widely used in the treatment of tumours, rheumatoid
arthritis, and psoriasis ... Liver and kidney damage can be prevented by using
whey proteins as a nutraceutical in MTX therapy.In conclusion, whey proteins
demonstrated a protective effect against MTX-induced liver and kidney damage"
- See whey protein at Amazon.com.
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De-Training Effects
Following Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Supplementation and Resistance Training
in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial with 24 Weeks of
Follow-Up - J Nutr Health Aging 2022;26(11):994-1002 -
"The study included older adults aged ≥ 65 years who
were screened for sarcopenia at the Care Center from, a community in Hyogo,
Japan. The participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups: whey
protein supplementation after resistance training (RT + PRO; n = 27), resistance
training only (RT; n = 27), and whey protein supplementation only (PRO; n = 27)
... We demonstrated that combined intervention of RT and PRO showed long-term
maintenance in treating sarcopenia than RT only at 24 weeks after de-training.
Therefore, PRO intake after RT may be useful in the treatment of sarcopenia in
older adults" - See
leucine products at Amazon.com and
whey protein at Amazon.com.
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Whey protein and soy protein
prevent obesity by upregulating uncoupling protein 1 to activate brown adipose
tissue and promote white adipose tissue browning in high-fat diet-fed mice -
Food Funct 2022 Nov 28 - "ratio of protein to
carbohydrate (P/C) ... whey protein was more effective than soy protein in
preventing obesity in mice, probably by suppressing lipogenesis in adipose
tissues, activating BAT and promoting the browning of iWAT. In addition,
lowering the P/C ratio was beneficial for combating obesity in the context of a
HFD"
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Effects of whey and soy
protein supplementation on inflammatory cytokines in older adults: a systematic
review and meta-analysis - Br J Nutr 2022 Jun 16 -
"These data support that whey and soy protein supplementation elicit
anti-inflammatory effects by reducing circulating IL-6 and TNF-a levels,
respectively. This effect may be enhanced by soy isoflavones and may be more
prominent in individuals with sarcopenia" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com and
Soy isoflavones at Amazon.com.
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Protein
supplement helps control Type 2 diabetes - Science Daily, 5/27/22 -
"glucose levels were much better controlled when taking
the whey supplement before meals. On average, they had two hours extra per day
of normal blood sugar levels compared to the no protein week. In addition, their
daily blood glucose levels were 0.6 mmol/L lower compared to when they consumed
the supplement without any protein. ... We believe the whey protein works in two
ways, firstly, by slowing down how quickly food passes through the digestive
system and secondly, by stimulating a number of important hormones that prevent
the blood sugars climbing so high"
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Whey Protein, Leucine- and
Vitamin-D-Enriched Oral Nutritional Supplementation for the Treatment of
Sarcopenia - Nutrients 2022 Apr 6 - "The purpose of
this review is to collate and describe all of the relevant efficacy studies
carried out with a muscle-targeted oral nutritional supplementation
(MT-ONS)-namely a whey-protein-based, leucine- and vitamin D-enriched formula
aimed at optimizing their intake and satisfying their requirements-in different
patient populations and clinical settings in order to determine if there is
enough evidence to recommend prescription for the treatment of sarcopenia or its
prevention in high-risk patient populations ... Consistent results have been
observed in various clinical settings (community, rehabilitation centers, care
homes), with or without adjunctive physical exercise programs. A positive effect
on markers of inflammation has also been shown. A muscle-protein-sparing effect,
with benefits on physical performance and function, has also been demonstrated
in patients at risk of losing skeletal muscle mass (three trials), such as older
patients undergoing weight loss or intensive rehabilitation programs associated
with neurological disability (Parkinson's disease). MT-ONS has demonstrated not
only a significant efficacy in clinical variables, but also a positive impact on
healthcare resource consumption in the rehabilitation setting (length of stay
and duration of rehabilitation)" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com,
leucine products at Amazon.com and
vitamin D at Amazon.com.
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Effect of Whey-Derived
Lactopeptide β-Lactolin on Memory in Healthy Adults: An Integrated Analysis of
Data from Randomized Controlled Trials - J Nutr Health Aging 2022 -
"Epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of
dairy products reduces the risk of dementia and cognitive decline in older
individuals. Tryptophan-tyrosine-related β-lactopeptides and their
representative β-lactolin of glycine-threonine-tryptophan-tyrosine tetra-peptide
have been identified as agents in dairy products, which improve cognitive
function as well as memory function via the activation of the dopaminergic
system in a mouse model of amnesia. Previous clinical trials have shown that
supplementation with β-lactolin improves memory retrieval in healthy older
adults. Specifically, β-lactolin improved the scores in some neuropsychological
tests ... Three randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of β-lactolin
on memory in healthy adults were selected for the integrated analysis. The
results showed that the score of cued recall among the neuropsychological tests
in the β-lactolin group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group
(g=0.33; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.55). In addition, the total memory score was higher but
this difference was not significant"
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Effect of Whey Protein
Supplementation on Perioperative Outcomes in Patients with Cancer-A Systematic
Review and Meta-Analysis - Nutr Cancer 2021 Dec 28 -
"Whey protein has several biochemical characteristics which make it an ideal
nutritional supplement in cancer ... Whey protein supplementation improved the
perioperative functional capacity and significantly reduced postoperative
complications in patients with cancer"
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Leucine-enriched whey
protein supplementation, resistance-based exercise, and cardiometabolic health
in older adults: a randomized controlled trial - J Cachexia Sarcopenia
Muscle 2021 Sep 14 - "Increasing protein intake (above
the Recommended Dietary Amount) alone or with resistance-based exercise is
suggested to improve cardiometabolic health ... Sixteen weeks of
leucine-enriched whey protein supplementation alone and combined with
resistance-based exercise improved cardiometabolic health markers in older
adults" - See
leucine products at Amazon.com and
leucine at iHerb and
whey protein at Amazon.com and
iHerb.
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A new high protein-to-energy
enteral formula with a whey protein hydrolysate to achieve protein targets in
critically ill patients: a prospective observational tolerability study -
Eur J Clin Nutr 2021 Jun 24 - "The HP:E formula
containing 33% whey protein hydrolysate is well tolerated in this tolerability
study. Due to the HP:E ratio protein targets can be reached faster" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com and
iHerb.
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Whey Protein Drink Ingestion
before Breakfast Suppressed Energy Intake at Breakfast and Lunch, but Not during
Dinner, and Was Less Suppressed in Healthy Older than Younger Men -
Nutrients. 2020 Oct 29 - "These findings support the use
of whey-protein drink supplements in older people who aim to increase their
protein intake without decreasing their overall energy intake"
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Supplement with whey protein hydrolysate in contrast to carbohydrate supports
mitochondrial adaptations in trained runners - J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2020
Sep 7 - "Intake of whey PRO hydrolysate before and whey PRO hydrolysate plus CHO
after each exercise session during a six-week endurance training period may
augment training effects on specific mitochondrial proteins compared to intake
of iso-caloric CHO but does not alter VO2max or 6 K TT performance" - [Nutra
USA] - See whey protein at Amazon.com and
iHerb.
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Effects of whey protein on
glycemic control and serum lipoproteins in patients with metabolic syndrome and
related conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized
controlled clinical trials - Lipids Health Dis 2020 Sep 21 -
"Consumption of whey protein resulted in significant
reduction of HbA1c (WMD: -0.15; 95% CI: - 0.29, - 0.01) insulin (WMD: -0.94; 95%
CI: - 1.68, - 0.21) and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin
resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -0.20; 95% CI: - 0.36, - 0.05). A significant
reduction in triglycerides levels (WMD: -17.12; 95% CI: - 26.52, - 7.72), total
cholesterol (WMD: -10.88; 95% CI -18.60, - 3.17), LDL-cholesterol levels (WMD:
-8.47 95% CI: - 16.59, - 0.36) and total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio (WMD:
-0.26; 95% CI: - 0.41, - 0.10) was found as well"
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A Five-Ingredient Nutritional
Supplement and Home-Based Resistance Exercise Improve Lean Mass and Strength in
Free-Living Elderly - Nutrients 2020 Aug 10 - "Old
age is associated with lower physical activity levels, suboptimal protein
intake, and desensitization to anabolic stimuli, predisposing for age-related
muscle loss (sarcopenia). Although resistance exercise (RE) and protein
supplementation partially protect against sarcopenia under controlled
conditions, the efficacy of home-based, unsupervised RE (HBRE) and
multi-ingredient supplementation (MIS) is largely unknown ... Thirty-two
sedentary men underwent twelve weeks of home-based resistance band training (3
d/week), in combination with daily intake of a novel five-nutrient supplement
('Muscle5'; M5, n = 16, 77.4 ± 2.8 y) containing whey, micellar casein,
creatine, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids, or an isocaloric/isonitrogenous
placebo (PLA; n = 16, 74.4 ± 1.3 y), containing collagen and sunflower oil.
Appendicular and total lean mass (ASM; +3%, TLM; +2%), lean mass to fat ratios
(ASM/% body fat; +6%, TLM/% body fat; +5%), maximal strength (grip; +8%, leg
press; +17%), and function (5-Times Sit-to-Stand time; -9%) were significantly
improved in the M5 group following HBRE/MIS therapy (pre vs. post tests; p <
0.05). Fast-twitch muscle fiber cross-sectional areas of the quadriceps muscle
were also significantly increased in the M5 group post intervention (Type IIa;
+30.9%, Type IIx, +28.5%, p < 0.05). Sub-group analysis indicated even greater
gains in total lean mass in sarcopenic individuals following HBRE/MIS therapy
(TLM; +1.65 kg/+3.4%, p < 0.05). We conclude that the Muscle5 supplement is a
safe, well-tolerated, and effective complement to low-intensity, home-based
resistance exercise and improves lean mass, strength, and overall muscle quality
in old age" - [Nutra
USA] - Note: I'd add leucine,
HBM and collagen.
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Effects of High Intensity
Dynamic Resistance Exercise and Whey Protein Supplements on Osteosarcopenia in
Older Men with Low Bone and Muscle Mass. Final Results of the Randomized
Controlled FrOST Study - Nutrients 2020 Aug 5 - "The
present study aimed to evaluate the effect of high intensity dynamic resistance
exercise (HIT-DRT) and whey protein supplementation (WPS) on bone mineral
density (BMD) and sarcopenia parameters in osteosarcopenic men. Men ≥ 72 years
with osteosarcopenia (n = 43) were randomly assigned to a HIT-RT (HIT-RT: n =
21) or a non-training control group (n = 22). Supervised HIT-RT twice/week was
applied for 18 months, while the control group maintained their habitual
lifestyle. Supplying WPS, total protein intake amounted to 1.5-1.6 (HIT-RT) and
1.2 g/kg/body mass/d (control). Both groups were supplied with calcium and
vitamin D ... we observed significant positive effects for sarcopenia Z-score
(standardized mean difference (SMD): 1.40), BMD at lumbar spine (SMD: 0.72) and
total hip (SMD: 0.72). In detail, effect sizes for skeletal muscle mass changes
were very pronounced (1.97, p < 0.001), while effects for functional sarcopenia
parameters were moderate (0.87, p = 0.008; handgrip strength) or low (0.39, p =
0.209; gait velocity). Apart from one man who reported short periods of
temporary worsening of existing joint pain, no HIT-RT/WPS-related adverse
effects or injuries were reported. We consider HIT-RT supported by whey protein
supplementation as a feasible, attractive, safe and highly effective option to
fight osteosarcopenia in older men" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com and
iHerb.
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Combined protein and calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate induced gains in leg fat
free mass: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study - J Int Soc Sports
Nutr. 2020 Mar 12;17(1):16 - "All participants received
60 g of whey protein on training days and 30 g of whey protein (WP) on
non-training days. Participants were randomly assigned to additionally receive
3 g of calcium HMB (WP + HMB) or a placebo (WP + PLA) ... Combined protein and
HMB supplementation resulted in segmental, but not whole-body increases in FFM
compared to protein supplementation alone. These findings could explain some of
the controversial effects of HMB reported in previous studies and have practical
implications for maximizing training-induced gains in FFM and clinical
conditions associated with skeletal muscle deconditioning such as aging,
sedentary lifestyles, bed rest and spaceflight" - [Nutra
USA] - See
HMB at Amazon.com and
whey protein at Amazon.com..
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Anabolic response to
essential amino acid plus whey protein composition is greater than whey protein
alone in young healthy adults - J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2020 Feb 10;17(1):9 -
"essential amino acids ... We conclude that a
composition of a balanced EAA formulation combined with whey protein is highly
anabolic as compared to a whey protein-based recovery product, and that the
response is dose-dependent"
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Oral Supplementation
Using Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Whey Protein Improves Whole Body Fat-Free Mass
in Men After Resistance Training - J Clin Med Res. 2019 Jun;11(6):428-434 -
"Oral gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation increases growth hormone
(GH) serum levels and protein synthesis. Therefore, post-exercise
supplementation using GABA and protein may help enhance training-induced muscle
hypertrophy ... Twenty-one healthy men (26 - 48 years) were randomized to
receive whey protein (WP; 10 g) or whey protein + GABA (WP + GABA; 10 g + 100
mg) daily for 12 weeks ... After 12 weeks, the WP + GABA group exhibited
significantly greater increase in whole body fat-free mass than the WP group"
- [Nutra
USA] - See
GABA at Amazon.com.
-
Improving Dietary Protein
Quality Reduces the Negative Effects of Physical Inactivity on Body Composition
and Muscle Function - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2019 Jan 28 -
"Twenty healthy, older men and women completed 7 days of
bed rest followed by 5 days of rehabilitation. Volunteers consumed a mixed
macronutrient diet (MIXED: N = 10; 68 ± 2 years; 1,722 ± 29 kcal/day; 0.97 ±
0.01 g protein/kg/day) or an isoenergetic, whey-augmented, higher protein
quality diet (WHEY: N = 10; 69 ± 1 years; 1,706 ± 23 kcal/day; 0.90 ± 0.01 g
protein/kg/day) ... During bed rest, both groups experienced a 20% reduction in
knee extension peak torque (p < .05). The WHEY diet partially protected leg lean
mass (-1,035 vs. -680 ± 138 g, MIXED vs. WHEY; p = .08) and contributed to a
greater loss of body fat (-90 vs. -233 ± 152 g, MIXED vs. WHEY; p < .05).
Following rehabilitation, knee extension peak torque in the WHEY group fully
recovered (-10.0 vs. 2.2 ± 4.1 Nm, MIXED vs. WHEY; p = .05)" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com.
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Myoprotective Potential
of Creatine Is Greater than Whey Protein after Chemically-Induced Damage in Rat
Skeletal Muscle - Nutrients. 2018 Apr 30 - "Creatine
supplementation appears to offer an element of myoprotection which was not
observed following whey protein supplementation" - [Nutra
USA] -See
creatine at Amazon.com.
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Protein supplementation
enhances cerebral oxygenation during exercise in elite basketball players -
Nutrition. 2018 Feb 5;53:34-37 - "supplements with different
whey protein
contents ... resulted in a 16% longer cycling time (from 474 ± 49 s to
553 ± 78 s, P < 0.05), compared with the low-protein trial" - [Nutra
USA]
-
Protein supplementation
enhances cerebral oxygenation during exercise in elite basketball players -
Nutrition. 2018 Feb 5;53:34-37 - "supplements with different whey protein
contents ... resulted in a 16% longer cycling time (from 474 ± 49 s to
553 ± 78 s, P < 0.05), compared with the low-protein trial" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com.
-
The short-term effect of high versus moderate protein intake on recovery after strength training in resistance-trained individuals
- J Int Socty of Sports Nutr Nov 21 2017 - "Fourteen
resistance-trained individuals underwent two 10-day isocaloric dietary regimes
with a protein content of 1.8 g.kg−1.d−1 (PROMOD) or 2.9 g.kg−1.d−1 (PROHIGH)
... No significant differences were reported between conditions for any of the
performance repetition count variables (p > 0.05). However, within PROMOD only,
squat performance total repetition count was significantly lower at T3
(19.7 ± 6.8) compared to T1 (23.0 ± 7.5; p = 0.006)" - [Nutra
USA] - Note: Strange that it only improved squat performance.
That said, I have my own protein cocktail consisting of leucine, arginine,
citrulline, creatine, hydrolyzed protein and beta-arginine and it makes a big difference in
my swim times. See Athletic Elite 10,
GoPro 100% Hi-Protein Whey Protein Powder, Dietary Supplement (Milk Chocolate,
5LB) at Amazon.com.
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Inulin-type fructans and
whey protein both modulate appetite but only fructans alter gut microbiota in
adults with overweight/obesity: a randomized controlled trial - Mol Nutr
Food Res. 2017 Jul 21 - "125 adults with
overweight/obesity were randomly assigned to receive isocaloric snack bars of:
1) Control; 2) Inulin-type fructans (ITF); 3) Whey protein; 4) ITF + Whey
protein ... Compared to Control, body fat was significantly reduced in the Whey
protein group at 12wks. Hunger, desire to eat and prospective food consumption
were all lower with ITF, Whey protein and ITF + Whey protein compared to Control
at 12 wks. Microbial community structure differed from 0 to 12 wks in the ITF
and ITF +Whey Protein groups (i.e. increased Bifidobacterium) but not Whey
Protein or Control ... Adding ITF, whey protein or both to snack bars improved
several aspects of appetite control. Changes in gut microbiota may explain in
part the effects of ITF but likely not whey protein" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com and
Inulin at Amazon.com.
-
Tocotrienols and Whey
Protein Isolates Substantially Increase Exercise Endurance Capacity in Diet
-Induced Obese Male Sprague-Dawley Rats - PLoS One. 2016 Apr
8;11(4):e0152562 - "whey protein isolates (WPIs) and
vitamin E tocotrienols (TCTs) ... Ten weeks of both TCTs and WPIs increased
exercise endurance by 50% in sedentary, diet-induced obese rats" - [Nutra
USA] - See
whey protein at Amazon.com
and
Jarrow FamilE (contains all eight members of the vitamin E family, includes
Tocomin) at Amazon.com.
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Combined Oral Intake of GABA with Whey Protein Improves Lean Mass in
Resistance-trained Men - Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 May;48(5 Suppl 1):54 -
"After 12 wk, change in whole body lean mass was
significantly higher in the WP+G group compared to the WP group (1340
+/- 465 vs. 146 +/- 218 g." - [Nutra
USA] - See
GABA at Amazon.com.
GABA is part of my sleep cocktail. I'm sticking with leucine for the
protein part.
-
Two-Year
Whey Protein Supplementation Did Not Enhance Muscle Mass and Physical Function
in Well-Nourished Healthy Older Postmenopausal Women - J Nutr. 2015 Sep 23 -
"in protein-replete healthy ambulant postmenopausal
women, 30 g/d of extra protein did not improve the maintenance of muscle mass or
physical function despite evidence of deterioration in muscle measurements in
the upper limb"
-
Effects of
whey protein and resistance exercise on body composition: a meta-analysis of
randomized controlled trials - J Am Coll Nutr. 2014 Apr;33(2):163-75 -
"A comprehensive literature search was conducted to
identify RCTs that investigated WP (concentrate, isolate, or hydrolystate) and
body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat, lean body mass (LBM), fat-free
mass (FFM), and waist circumference ... Body weight (WGMD: -4.20 kg, 95%
confidence interval [CI], -7.67, -0.73) and body fat (WGMD: -3.74 kg, 95% CI,
-5.98, -1.50) were significantly decreased from baseline in the WPR within-group
analyses ... Results from the subgroup analyses indicated a statistically
significant increase in LBM (WGMD: 2.24 kg, 95% CI, 0.66, 3.81) among studies
that included a resistance exercise component along with WP provision" -
Note: 4.20 kg is 9.3 pounds. See
whey protein at Amazon.com.
-
Leucine
supplementation of a low-protein mixed macronutrient beverage enhances
myofibrillar protein synthesis in young men: a double-blind, randomized trial
- Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Nov 27 - "myofibrillar protein
synthesis (MPS) ... A low-protein (6.25 g) mixed macronutrient beverage can be
as effective as a high-protein dose (25 g) at stimulating increased MPS rates
when supplemented with a high (5.0 g total leucine) amount of leucine. These
results have important implications for formulations of protein beverages
designed to enhance muscle anabolism"
- [Nutra
USA] - Note: That's about what I take per day in the one heaping scoop.
It's got to be the worst tasting substance in the world. I put the scoop in a
small jar with about a third cup of water, shake it and swill in then rinse the
jar a couple more times to get it all. See
leucine products at Amazon.com.
-
Myofibrillar
muscle protein synthesis rates subsequent to a meal in response to increasing
doses of whey protein at rest and after resistance exercise - Am J Clin
Nutr. 2013 Nov 20 - "muscle protein synthesis (MPS) ...
A 20-g dose of whey protein is sufficient for the maximal stimulation of
postabsorptive rates of myofibrillar MPS in rested and exercised muscle of
~80-kg resistance-trained, young men. A dose of whey protein >20 g stimulates
amino acid oxidation and ureagenesis" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com.
-
The effects
of soy and whey protein supplementation on acute hormonal reponses to resistance
exercise in men - J Am Coll Nutr. 2013 Feb;32(1):66-74 -
"For many resistance-trained men concerns exist
regarding the production of estrogen with the consumption of soy protein when
training for muscle strength and size. Thus, the purpose of this investigation
was to examine the effects of soy and whey protein supplementation on sex
hormones following an acute bout of heavy resistance exercise in resistance
trained men ... Ten resistance-trained men (age 21.7 +/- 2.8 [SD] years; height
175.0 +/- 5.4 cm; weight 84.2 +/- 9.1 kg) volunteered to participate in an
investigation ... all subjects completed 3 experimental treatment conditions
supplementing with whey protein isolate (WPI), soy protein isolate (SPI), and
maltodextrin placebo control for 14 days with participants ingesting 20 g of
their assigned supplement each morning at approximately the same time each day
... This investigation observed lower testosterone responses following
supplementation with soy protein in addition to a positive blunted cortisol
response with the use of whey protein at some recovery time points. Although sex
hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was proposed as a possible mechanism for
understanding changes in androgen content, SHBG did not differ between
experimental treatments. Importantly, there were no significant differences
between groups in changes in estradiol concentrations"
-
Whey protein
supplementation during resistance training augments lean body mass - J Am
Coll Nutr. 2013 Apr;32(2):122-35 - "Compared to soy,
whey protein is higher in leucine, absorbed quicker and results in a more
pronounced increase in muscle protein synthesis ... randomized
non-resistance-trained men and women into groups who consumed daily isocaloric
supplements containing carbohydrate (carb; n = 22), whey protein (whey; n = 19),
or soy protein (soy; n = 22) ... Lean body mass gains were significantly (p <
0.05) greater in whey (3.3 +/- 1.5 kg) than carb (2.3 +/- 1.7 kg) and soy (1.8
+/- 1.6 kg). Fat mass decreased slightly but there were no differences between
groups. Fasting concentrations of leucine were significantly elevated (20%) and
postexercise plasma leucine increased more than 2-fold in whey. Fasting leucine
concentrations were positively correlated with lean body mass responses"
-
A Whey
Protein Hydrolysate Promotes Insulinotropic Activity in a Clonal Pancreatic
β-Cell Line and Enhances Glycemic Function in ob/ob Mice - J Nutr. 2013 May
8 - "In conclusion, an 8-wk oral administration of WPH
improved blood glucose clearance, reduced hyperinsulinemia, and restored the
pancreatic islet capacity to secrete insulin in response to glucose in ob/ob
mice. Hence, it may be useful in diabetes management"
-
Post-exercise whey protein hydrolysate supplementation induces a greater
increase in muscle protein synthesis than its constituent amino acid content
- Br J Nutr. 2013 Feb 7:1-7 - "Male Sprague-Dawley rats
swam for 2 h to depress muscle protein synthesis. Immediately after exercise,
the animals were administered either carbohydrate (CHO), CHO plus an amino acid
mixture (AA) or CHO plus WPH. At 1 h after exercise, the supplements containing
whey-based protein (AA and WPH) caused a significant increase in the fractional
rate of protein synthesis (FSR) compared with CHO ... These results indicate
that WPH may include active components that are superior to amino acids for
stimulating muscle protein synthesis and initiating translation" - See
whey protein at Amazon.com.
-
Similar
effects of leucine rich and regular dairy products on muscle mass and functions
of older polymyalgia rheumatica patients: a randomized crossover trial - J
Nutr Health Aging. 2011;15(6):462-7 - "Patients
performed as many stand ups as possible twice a day after which they ingested a
regular (Control) or a whey protein enriched dairy product with high leucine
content (Test). The 8-week intervention periods were separated by a 4-week
wash-out ... The 16-week home-based post-exercise supplementation resulted in a
1.8% increase (p = 0.052) in lower limb muscle mass. Walking speed (+5.3%, p =
0.007) and chair stand test performance (-12.2 %, p < 0.001) were also improved.
Furthermore, a tendency for increased jump power (+3.0%, p = 0.084) was
observed. However, significant and consistent differences were not found in the
changes of muscle mass indices or muscle functions between supplements, but the
test supplement tended to prevent accumulation of body fat. Conclusion: A low
intensity home based exercise program combined with post-exercise milk protein
supplementation is feasible despite some gastrointestinal complaints and seems
effective in improving the muscle mass and functions of older persons with a
inflammatory disease. Further studies are needed to establish, whether and to
what extent the use of leucine-enriched whey products prevent or treat
age-associated sarcopenia and whether they are superior to the present
commercial milk products"
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Protective
effect of whey proteins against nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats Lipids
Health Dis. 2011 Apr 13;10(1):57 - "Oral administration
of the studied whey proteins products reduced the final body weight of rats.
There was a significant reduction effect (P<0.05) of the tested proteins on
hepatic triglycerides, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), lipid peroxidation
(malondialdehyde level) and serum glucose. Feeding on whey proteins caused an
increase in the reduced glutathione. Hepatic content of reduced glutathione was
not affected by any of the used whey proteins, but it showed an increasing
tendency (P>0.05). Liver histology showed an improvement of fatty infiltration
in hepatocytes from whey protein groups and gives the histology of liver a
normal appearance"
-
Dietary Whey
Protein Lowers the Risk for Metabolic Disease in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet -
J Nutr. 2011 Feb 10 - "whey protein isolate (WPI) ...
Livers from WPI mice had significantly fewer hepatic lipid droplet numbers and
less deposition of nonpolar lipids. Furthermore, WPI improved glucose tolerance
and insulin sensitivity. We conclude that in mice receiving a HF diet,
consumption of WPI results in higher basal metabolic rates and altered
metabolism of dietary lipids. Because WPI mice had less hepatosteatosis and
insulin resistance, WPI dietary supplements may be effective in slowing the
development of fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes"
-
Effects
of a whey protein supplementation on intrahepatocellular lipids in obese
female patients - Clin Nutr. 2011 Jan 31 -
"intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCL) ... 60 g/day whey protein supplement
(WPS) for 4-weeks ... total liver volume (MR) ... IHCL were positively
correlated with visceral fat and total liver volume at inclusion. WPS
decreased significantly IHCL by 20.8 +/- 7.7%, fasting total TG by 15 +/-
6.9%, and total cholesterol by 7.3 +/- 2.7%. WPS slightly increased fat free
mass from 54.8 +/- 2.2 kg to 56.7 +/- 2.5 kg, p = 0.005). Visceral fat,
total liver volume, glucose tolerance, creatinine clearance and insulin
sensitivity were not changed"
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