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Home > Health
Conditions > Respiratory Tract Infection
Respiratory Tract Infections
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Alternative News:
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Chlorogenic acid reduces
inflammation by inhibiting the elevated expression of KAT2A to ameliorate
lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury - Br J Pharmacol 2023 Mar 13 -
"Respiratory diseases have become a global health
problem and may lead to acute lung injury (ALI) in severe cases. ALI progression
is associated with complex pathological changes; however, there are currently no
effective therapeutic drugs. Excessive activation and recruitment of immunocytes
in the lungs and the release of large amounts of cytokines are considered the
primary causes of ALI, but the cellular mechanisms involved remain unknown ...
Targeted inhibition of KAT2A suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines
and improved respiratory function in this murine model of ALI. Chlorogenic acid,
a specific KAT2A-targeting inhibitor, was effective in treating ALI. In
conclusion, our results provide a reference for the clinical treatment of ALI
and contribute to the development of novel therapeutic drugs for lung injury"
- See chlorogenic acid at
Amazon.com.
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Effectiveness of
supplementation with quercetin-type flavonols for treatment of viral lower
respiratory tract infections: Systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical
studies - Phytother Res 2021 Apr 17 - "Viral
infections of the lower respiratory tract are considered a public health
problem. They affect millions of people worldwide, causing thousands of deaths,
and are treated with expensive medicines, such as antivirals or palliative
measures. In this study, we conducted a systematic review to describe the use of
quercetin-type flavonols against lower respiratory tract viruses and discussed
the preclinical impact of this approach on different signs and clinical
mechanisms of infection ... The analysis of these studies showed evidence of
antiviral activity of quercetin-type flavonols with significantly reduced
mortality rate (M-H = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.65, p-value = 0.008) of infected
animals and a reduction in the average viral load (IV = -1.93, 95% CI: -3.54 to
-0.31, p-value = 0.02). Additionally, quercetin and its derivatives reduced the
amount of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, mucus
production, and airway resistance in animals infected with a respiratory virus.
Overall, supplementation with quercetin-type flavonols is a promising strategy
for treating viral-induced lower respiratory tract infections" - See
quercetin at Amazon.com.
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Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin
D 3 May Reduce the Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: Post hoc
Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group
Comparison Study - Nutrients 2020 Dec 8 - "the
physical symptom scores for "Runny nose," "Sneezing," and "Head congestion" were
significantly lower in the 25OHD group than in the placebo group; for all items
except "Breathe easily, "the quality of life" scores were significantly improved
in the 25OHD group. There was no significant difference in the number of URTI
events or the proportion of medication use between the groups. Collectively, the
findings of this study indicate that a sufficient 25OHD intake can reduce
physical symptoms at the onset of upper respiratory tract infection,
particularly nasal symptoms, and may improve the quality of life at the time of
onset" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com and
vitamin D
at iHerb.
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Probiotics Reduce Health Care Cost and Societal Impact of Flu-Like
Respiratory Tract Infections in the USA: An Economic Modeling Study -
Front. Pharmacol., 28 August 2019 - "The analysis
showed that generalized probiotic intake in the US population for 2017–2018
would have allowed cost savings for the health care payer of 4.6 million USD
based on the YHEC scenario and 373 million USD for the Cochrane scenario, by
averting 19 million and 54.5 million RTI sick days, respectively, compared
to no probiotics" - [Nutra
USA] - See
probiotic products at Amazon.com.
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Vitamin D reduces respiratory infections - Science Daily, 11/16/16 -
"could help reduce one of the leading causes of
serious illness, debilitation and death among patients in nursing homes and
other long-term care facilities ... Vitamin D can improve the immune
system's ability to fight infections because it bolsters the first line of
defense of the immune system ... 55 received high doses of vitamin D or
100,000 units monthly (averaging 3,300-4,300 units daily). And 52 received
lower doses averaging between 400-1,000 units daily. Those with higher doses
saw ARIs cut nearly in half. They also had over double the incidence of
falls ... This is a potentially life-saving discovery ... here is very
little in a doctor's arsenal to battle ARI, especially since most are viral
infections where antibiotics don't work. But vitamin D seems able to
potentially prevent these infections" - See
vitamin D at Amazon.com.
- Garlic
Lowers Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Individuals, Regulates Serum
Cholesterol, and Stimulates Immunity: An Updated Meta-analysis and Review
- J Nutr. 2016 Jan 13 - "Our updated meta-analysis
on the effect of garlic on blood pressure, which included 20 trials with 970
participants, showed a mean ± SE decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP)
of 5.1 ± 2.2 mm Hg (P < 0.001) and a mean ± SE decrease in diastolic blood
pressure (DBP) of 2.5 ± 1.6 mm Hg (P < 0.002) compared with placebo.
Subgroup analysis of trials in hypertensive subjects (SBP/DBP ≥140/90 mm Hg)
at baseline revealed a larger significant reduction in SBP of 8.7 ± 2.2 mm
Hg (P < 0.001; n = 10) and in DBP of 6.1 ± 1.3 mm Hg (P < 0.001; n = 6). A
previously published meta-analysis on the effect of garlic on blood lipids,
which included 39 primary RCTs and 2300 adults treated for a minimum of 2
wk, suggested garlic to be effective in reducing total and LDL cholesterol
by 10% if taken for >2 mo by individuals with slightly elevated
concentrations [e.g., total cholesterol >200 mg/dL (>5.5 mmol/L)]. Garlic
has immunomodulating effects by increasing macrophage activity, natural
killer cells, and the production of T and B cells. Clinical trials have
shown garlic to significantly reduce the number, duration, and severity of
upper respiratory infections" - See
garlic supplements at Amazon.com.
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Probiotics and vitamin C for the prevention of respiratory tract infections
in children attending preschool: a randomised controlled pilot study -
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Sep 10 - "children aged 3-6
years, 57 received 1.25 × 1010 colony-forming units of Lactobacillus
acidophilus CUL21 (NCIMB 30156), Lactobacillus acidophilus CUL60 (NCIMB
30157), Bifidobacterium bifidum CUL20 (NCIMB 30153) and Bifidobacterium
animalis subsp. lactis CUL34 (NCIMB 30172) plus 50 mg vitamin C or a placebo
daily for 6 months.Results:Significant reductions in the incidence rate of
upper respiratory tract infection (URTI; 33%, P=0.002), the number of days
with URTI symptoms (mean difference: -21.0, 95% confidence interval
(CI):-35.9, -6.0, P=0.006) and the incidence rate of absence from preschool
(30%, P=0.007) were observed in the active group compared with the placebo.
The number of days of use of antibiotics, painkillers, cough medicine or
nasal sprays was lower in the active group and reached significance for use
of cough medicine (mean difference: -6.6, 95% CI: -12.9, -0.3, P=0.040)"
- [Nutra
USA]
- See
probiotic products at Amazon.com
and
vitamin C products at Amazon.com.
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Associations Between Vitamin D and Self-Reported Respiratory Disease in
Older People from a Nationally Representative Population Survey - J Am
Geriatr Soc. 2013 May 6 - "Health Survey for England
2005 ... Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with respiratory
disease. Ensuring adequate 25(OH)D levels is of public health importance for
older populations living in northern latitudes and may be an effective way
to prevent concurrent respiratory infections and related complications in
older people" - See
vitamin D at Amazon.com.
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Vitamin D can help infection-prone patients avoid respiratory tract
infection - Science Daily, 12/13/12 -
"researchers examined whether treatment with vitamin D can prevent and
relieve respiratory tract infections in particularly infection-prone
patients. All the 140 participants from the Immunodeficiency Unit had
symptoms of disease in their respiratory tracts for at least 42 days prior
to the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, one of
which received vitamin D in relatively high doses, the other a placebo. They
were also asked to keep a diary recording their state of health every day
during the year-long study period ... The results show that symptoms of
respiratory tract infection declined by almost a quarter and the use of
antibiotics by almost half. Vitamin D treatment was also tolerated well by
all patients and gave no serious side-effects" - See
vitamin D at Amazon.com.
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Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG® and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp.
lactis BB-12® on health-related quality of life in college students affected
by upper respiratory infections - Br J Nutr. 2012 Oct 1:1-9 -
"College students are susceptible to upper
respiratory infections (URI) due to inadequate sleep, stress and close
living quarters. Certain probiotic strains modulate immune function and may
improve health-related quality of life (HRQL) during URI ... randomised to
receive placebo (n 117) or probiotic-containing powder (daily dose of
minimum 1 billion colony-forming units of each Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG®
(LGG®) and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12® (BB-12®); n 114) for
12 weeks ... The median duration of URI was significantly shorter by 2 d and
median severity score was significantly lower by 34 % with probiotics v.
placebo (P < 0.001), indicating a higher HRQL during URI. Number of missed
work days was not different between groups (P = 0.429); however, the
probiotics group missed significantly fewer school days (mean difference =
0.2 d) compared to the placebo group (P = 0.002). LGG® and BB-12® may be
beneficial among college students with URI for mitigating decrements in
HRQL"
- See
probiotic products at Amazon.com.
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Vitamin
d, respiratory infections, and asthma - Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2009
Jan;9(1):81-7 - "Emerging evidence indicates that
vitamin D-mediated innate immunity, particularly through enhanced expression
of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (hCAP-18), is important in
host defenses against respiratory tract pathogens. Observational studies
suggest that vitamin D deficiency increases risk of respiratory infections.
This increased risk may contribute to incident wheezing illness in children
and adults and cause asthma exacerbations. Although unproven, the increased
risk of specific respiratory infections in susceptible hosts may contribute
to some cases of incident asthma. Vitamin D also modulates regulatory T-cell
function and interleukin-10 production, which may increase the therapeutic
response to glucocorticoids in steroid-resistant asthma" - See
vitamin D at Amazon.com.
News:
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Ibuprofen no good in treating colds or sore throats - Science Daily,
11/4/13 - "compared with paracetamol, ibuprofen or a
combination of both ibuprofen and paracetamol provide no advantage for
patients overall with respiratory tract infections (otherwise known as colds
or sore throats) ... steam inhalation, another common treatment method, has
no clear benefit and around 2 per cent of people get mild scalding but not
bad enough to see a doctor ... The research also showed that patients were
more likely to come back within a month with worsening symptoms or new
symptoms if they were prescribed with ibuprofen or ibuprofen with
paracetamol"
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Factive, a Fluoroquinolone, Now Available in US for Treatment of Lower
Respiratory Tract Infections - Doctor's Guide, 9/9/04
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Anaferon Is a New Option for Treatment and Prevention of Upper Respiratory
Infections - Doctor's Guide, 5/3/04
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Use of Procalcitonin Levels Helps Avoid Unnecessary Antibiotic Use in Acute
Respiratory Infection - Doctor's Guide, 9/22/03
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Dexamethasone Treatment not Beneficial in Children Mechanically Ventilated
with Respiratory Syncytial Virus - Doctor's Guide, 5/25/03
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FDA Approves Factive (Gemifloxacin) for Treatment Of Respiratory Tract
Infections - Doctor's Guide, 4/7/03
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Oral Moxifloxacin Well Tolerated, Effective Against Community Acquired
Pneumonia - Doctor's Guide, 2/28/03
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Comorbidities Frequent Among RTI Patients - Physician's Weekly, 2/24/03
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Advisory Panel Recommends FDA Approval Of Ketek (Telithromycin) For
Treatment Of Respiratory Tract Infections - Doctor's Guide, 1/9/03
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Rapid RSV Test Speeds Diagnosis, May Decrease Unnecessary Antibiotic Use
- Doctor's Guide, 10/3/02
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Once-Daily Telithromycin Proves Safe, Effective for Community-Acquired
Respiratory Infections - Doctor's Guide, 10/3/02
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Pharmacokinetics Of Linezolid Suggests 12-Hour Doses Effective For Pulmonary
Infections - Doctor's Guide, 5/30/02
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Most Children With Alveolar Pneumonia Have Bacterial Infection -
Doctor's Guide, 5/15/02
- Clarithromycin Extended
Release as Effective as Levofloxacin for Community-Acquired Pneumonia -
Doctor's Guide, 1/29/02
- FDA Approves Intravenous
Avelox (Moxifloxacin) For Pneumonia, Sinusitis and Other Infections -
Doctor's Guide, 12/4/01
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Macrolide Resistance Doubles In Five Years - Doctor's Guide, 10/17/01
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Telithromycin Offers New Therapy for Respiratory Tract Infections -
Doctor's Guide, 10/5/01
- OM-85 Reduces Cumulative
Infection Rate In Children With Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections -
Doctor's Guide, 9/13/01
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