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Home > Health Conditions > Melanoma

Melanoma & other skin cancers

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  • Regular Vitamin D Supplements May Lower Melanoma Risk - Medscape, 1/12/23 - "The study, published December 28 in Melanoma Research, involved almost 500 individuals attending a dermatology clinic who reported on their use of vitamin D supplements ... Regular users had a significant 55% reduction in the odds of having a past or present melanoma diagnosis, while occasional use was associated with a nonsignificant 46% reduction. The reduction was similar for all skin cancer types" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • Structure-specific antitumor effects and potential gut microbiota-involved mechanisms of ginseng polysaccharides on B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice - Food Funct 2023 Jan 6 - "Ginseng polysaccharides (GPs) have shown gut microbiota-related antitumor effects. However, the relation between their structures and antitumor functions remains unknown. Here, crude polysaccharide (GP-c) and its fractions neutral polysaccharide (GP-n) and pectin (GP-a) were prepared for structure characterization and anti-B16F10 melanoma effect evaluation, and their influence on gut microbiota diversities and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were also analyzed ... GP-n is essential for the anti-melanoma effects of GP, and the potential mechanisms might be related with its specific regulation of Allobaculum and Bifidobacterium abundance, and tumor-associated SCFAs levels. The outcomes highlighted here enable a deeper insight into the structure-function relationship of GP and propose new opinions on its antitumor effect" - See ginseng at Amazon.com.
  • Olive leaf extract inhibits metastatic melanoma spread through suppression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition - Phytother Res 2022 Oct - "Olive tree leaves are an abundant source of bioactive compounds with several beneficial effects for human health, including a protective role against many types of cancer ... Our results demonstrated that OLE inhibited melanoma cells proliferation through cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptotic cell death. Moreover, OLE suppressed the migration, invasion, and colonies formation of human melanoma cells. Similar to our in vitro findings, we demonstrated that the oral administration of OLE inhibited cutaneous tumor growth and lung metastasis formation in vivo by modulating the expression of EMT related factors. In addition, the anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects of OLE against melanoma were also related to a simultaneous targeting of mitogen-activated protein kinase and PI3K pathways, both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that OLE has the potential to inhibit the metastatic spread of melanoma cells thanks to its multifaceted mechanistic effects, and may represent a new add-on therapy for the management of metastatic melanoma." - See olive leaf extract at Amazon.com.
  • Overall Survival Dips With Vitamin D Deficiency in Melanoma - Medscape, 9/8/22 - "Patients with melanoma who are deficient in vitamin D have significantly worse overall survival than those with higher levels ... Whereas the 5-year overall survival was 90% when vitamin D serum levels were above a 10 ng/mL threshold, it was 84% when levels fell below it. Notably, the gap in overall survival between those above and below the threshold appeared to widen as time went on" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • Healthy gut microbiome improves success of cancer treatment - Science Daily, 2/28/22 - "The largest study to date has confirmed the link between the gut microbiome and the response to cancer immunotherapy therapy for melanoma ... The presence of three types of bacteria (Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Roseburia spp. and Akkermansia muciniphila) seem to be associated with a better immune response. An additional finding was that the microbiome itself is strongly influenced by factors including patient constitution, use of proton pump inhibitors and diet that should be considered in future longitudinal studies" - See probiotic supplements at Amazon.com.
  • The Association Between Citrus Consumption and Melanoma Risk in the UK Biobank - Medscape, 90/22/21 - "After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest category of total citrus intake (> 2 servings per day) had a significantly increased risk of melanoma (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.24–2.12) relative to those with no consumption. For individual citrus products, participants with the most orange and orange juice consumption (> 1 serving per day) had a significantly increased melanoma risk relative to those with no consumption (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.07–2.78 and OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.10–2.10, respectively). Fair- or very fair-skinned participants with high citrus consumption had an even greater melanoma risk (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.31–2.29)"
  • Alpha-Tocopherol Protects Human Dermal Fibroblasts by Modulating Nitric Oxide Release, Mitochondrial Function, Redox Status, and Inflammation - Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021 Jul 8 - "human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) ... α-Tocopherol exerts protective effects in HDF which underwent oxidative stress by modulating the redox status, inflammation, iNOS-dependent NO release, and mitochondrial function. These observations have a potential role in the prevention and treatment of photoaging-related skin cancers" - See vitamin E at Amazon.com and iHerb.
  • Metformin Use May Curb BCC Risk - Medscape, 7/15/21 - "In addition to general anticarcinogenic effects, metformin has also been shown to directly inhibit the sonic hedgehog pathway, a key pathway in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) pathogenesis ... Overall, metformin use was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing BCC, compared with nonuse (adjusted odds ratio, 0.71" - See metformin at ReliableRX.
  • Vitamin D dials down the aggression in melanoma cells - Science Daily, 11/6/19 - "vitamin D influences the behaviour of a signalling pathway within melanoma cells, which slowed down their growth and stopped them spreading to the lungs in mice" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • High-Fiber Diet May Help Your Gut Battle Melanoma - WebMD. 2/27/19 - "New research suggests that a diet that's full of fiber appears to lead to more diverse intestinal bacteria (microbiome). In turn, a thriving gut microbiome is linked to a stronger response to an immune therapy for the aggressive skin cancer ... We found that patients eating a high-fiber diet at the start of therapy were about five times more likely to respond to the anti-PD-1 immunotherapy"
  • Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer chemoprevention: A role for nicotinamide? - Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2017 Jul 5 - "Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3 ) enhances DNA repair, modulates the inflammatory environment produced by UVR, and reduces UV-induced immunosuppression. As nicotinamide reduces the incidence of actinic keratoses and nonmelanoma skin cancers in high-risk individuals and enhances repair of DNA damage in melanocytes, it is a promising agent for the chemoprevention of melanoma in high-risk populations" - [Nutra USA] - See niacin at Amazon.com.
  • Study found high-risk patients who took nicotinamide daily developed fewer non-melanoma lesions - WebMD, 10/21/15 - "A form of vitamin B3 called nicotinamide appears to reduce non-melanoma skin cancers by 23 percent when taken twice daily ... The vitamin supplement also appeared to reduce the numbers of thick, scaly patches of skin that can become cancer. Those patches were reduced in the nicotinamide group by 11 percent at three months, and by 20 percent at nine months of treatment"
  • Effect of Combined Treatment with Ursolic Acid and Resveratrol on Skin Tumor Promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate - Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2015 Jun 22 - "Treatment with UA + Res during skin tumor promotion with TPA produced greater inhibition of tumor multiplicity and tumor size than with either agent alone. Collectively, the greater ability of the combination of UA + Res to inhibit skin tumor promotion was due to the greater inhibitory effects on growth factor and inflammatory signaling, skin inflammation and epidermal hyperproliferation induced by TPA treatment" - See ursolic acid at Amazon.com and ReserveAge Resveratrol Vegetarian Capsules, 500 Mg, 60-Count at Amazon.com.
  • Vitamin D Derivative Reduces Risk for Further Skin Cancer - Medscape, 5/13/15 - "patients who took nicotinamide 500 mg twice daily for 1 year showed a 23% reduction in new diagnoses of nonmelanoma skin cancer, compared with those who took placebo (P = .02). Specifically, new diagnoses of basal cell carcinoma were reduced by 20%, squamous cell carcinoma by 30%, and actinic keratoses by 13%" - [nbcnews.com] - See Nicotinamide at Amazon.com.  If you're already taking niacin to increase HDL, you might be covered.  See:
    • What Is the Difference Between Niacin & Niacinamide? - LiveStrong.com - "Your body can convert niacin into niacinamide ... Niacin and niacinamide have identical function when used as vitamins ... their pharmacologic properties differ. For example, high doses of niacin can cause skin flushing. Niacinamide, however, does not have the same vasodialating, or blood-vessel widening, effects, that niacin has, so it does not lead to skin flushing" - Note:  You'll find contradictory information on the Internet but niacinamide will not raise HDL and niacin will.  See niacin at Amazon.com.
  • Association Between Dietary Vitamin C and Risk of Cutaneous Melanoma in a Population of Northern Italy - Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2013 Oct 1;83(5):291-298 - "Cutaneous melanoma incidence has been increasing during the last few years, and diet has been suggested as one of the lifestyle factors responsible for this increase. Since antioxidant nutrients such as ascorbic acid might prevent skin carcinogenesis, we investigated the risk of cutaneous melanoma related to vitamin C intake in a population-based case-control study in Northern Italy ... After adjusting for potential confounders, odds ratio of melanoma were 0.86 (95 % confidence interval 0.65 - 1.15) and 0.59 (95 % confidence interval 0.37 - 0.94) in the intermediate and highest categories of vitamin C dietary intake respectively, compared with the bottom one" - See vitamin C products at Amazon.com.
  • Metformin Inhibits Skin Tumor Promotion in Overweight and Obese Mice - Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013 Nov 6 - "Collectively, the current data demonstrate that metformin given in the drinking water effectively inhibited skin tumor promotion in both overweight and obese mice" - See metformin at The Antiaging Store.
  • Oral Caffeine During Voluntary Exercise Markedly Inhibits Skin Carcinogenesis and Decreases Inflammatory Cytokines in UVB-Treated Mice - Nutr Cancer. 2013 Sep 26 - "Ultraviolet B (UVB)-pretreated SKH-1 mice were treated with water, caffeine (0.1 mg/ml), voluntary running wheel exercise (RW) or caffeine together with RW for 14 wk. Treatment of the mice with caffeine, RW, or caffeine plus RW decreased skin tumors per mouse by 27%, 35%, and 62%, respectively, and the tumor volume per mouse was decreased by 61%, 70%, and 85%, respectively"
  • Broccoli to fight skin cancer? - Science Daily, 9/4/13 - "Dr. Dickinson's research currently focuses on how sulforaphane -- a naturally occurring compound in broccoli with established chemopreventive properties -- could possibly be used to help patients reduce their risk for skin cancer ... Sulforaphane may be an excellent candidate for use in the prevention of skin cancer caused by exposure to ultraviolet rays ... sulforaphane is a highly adaptable, highly effective agent when it comes to inhibiting cancer-causing pathways (such as the AP-1 protein), while activating chemoprotective genes (such as the Nrf2 gene) ... Her pilot study in collaboration with Johns Hopkins University will test a topical broccoli sprout solution on the skin a group of patients to see if the compound is effective in the context of solar simulated light ... Sulforaphane is the kind of compound that has so many incredible theoretical applications if the dosage is measured properly ... We already know that it is very effective in blocking sunburns, and we have seen cases where it can induce protective enzymes in the skin" - See sulforaphane at Amazon.com and my macaroni and cheese recipe which contains broccoli.
  • Plasma omega-3 and omega-6 concentrations and risk of cutaneous basal and squamous cell carcinomas in Australian adults - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Jul 24 - "In 1,191 white Australian adults, we prospectively investigated associations between baseline plasma concentrations of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and cutaneous basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) ... follow-up (1997 to 2007) ... Plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentrations and omega-3/-6 ratio showed significant inverse associations with SCC tumours, comparing higher tertiles to the lowest, in age and sex-adjusted models (p trend=0.02 and 0.03 respectively) which weakened after adjustment for past sun exposure. Associations between EPA and SCC were stronger among participants with a history of skin cancer at baseline (n=378) (highest vs. lowest tertile: RR=0.50, 95% CI=0.28-0.92; p trend=0.01). Total omega-6 was inversely associated with BCC tumours in multivariate models (p=0.04) (highest vs. lowest tertile: RR=0.71, 95% CI=0.51-0.99), and more strongly in the subgroup with past skin cancer"
  • The protective effect of coffee consumption on cutaneous melanoma risk and the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms - Cancer Causes Control. 2013 Jul 17 - "case-control study was conducted in the inpatient wards of IDI-San Carlo Rome, Italy, including 304 incident cases of cutaneous melanoma and 305 controls ... High frequency of coffee drinking (>once daily), compared with low-frequency consumption of coffee (≤7 times weekly) was associated with a protective effect for cutaneous melanoma (OR 0.46"
  • Drinking coffee may reduce risk of most common form of skin cancer - Science Daily, 7/2/12 - "Our data indicate that the more caffeinated coffee you consume, the lower your risk of developing basal cell carcinoma ... Basal cell carcinoma is the form of skin cancer most commonly diagnosed in the United States. Even though it is slow-growing, it causes considerable morbidity and places a burden on health care systems ... Of the 112,897 participants included in the analyses, 22,786 developed basal cell carcinoma during the more than 20 years of follow-up in the two studies. An inverse association was observed between all coffee consumption and risk of basal cell carcinoma. Similarly, an inverse association was seen between intake of caffeine from all dietary sources (coffee, tea, cola and chocolate) and risk of basal cell carcinoma. However, consumption of decaffeinated coffee was not associated with a decreased risk of basal cell carcinoma ... In contrast to the findings for basal cell carcinoma, neither coffee consumption nor caffeine intake were inversely associated with the two other forms of skin cancer, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma, the most deadly form of the disease"
  • Coffee consumption associated with decreased risk for basal cell carcinoma - Science Daily, 10/24/11 - "Data were taken from the Nurses' Health Study (Brigham and Women's Hospital) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study ... women who consumed more than three cups of coffee per day had a 20 percent reduction in risk for BCC, and men who consumed more than three cups per day had a nine percent risk reduction compared with people who consumed less than one cup per month"
  • Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate suppresses melanoma growth by inhibiting inflammasome and IL-1β secretion - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Oct 1 - "This paper provides a novel mechanism for EGCG-induced melanoma inhibition: inflammasome downregulation→decreased IL-1β secretion→decreased NF-κB activities→decreased cell growth. In addition, it suggests inflammasomes and IL-1β could be potential targets for future melanoma therapeutics" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
  • Zyflamend Mediates Therapeutic Induction of Autophagy to Apoptosis in Melanoma Cells - Nutr Cancer. 2011 Jul 11 - "Zyflamend, a unique multiherbal extract preparation, is a promising antiinflammatory agent that has also been suggested to regulate multiple pathways in cancer progression. As Zyflamend contains ingredients that can suppress tumor cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis through regulation of inflammatory pathway products, we hypothesized that this preparation might inhibit melanoma proliferation. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effect of Zyflamend on melanoma proliferation. Here, we present that Zyflamend inhibits melanoma growth by regulating the autophagy-apoptosis switch. Based on the responsible molecular mechanisms of Zyflamend, our study highlights the importance of the use of herbal preparations for the prevention and treatment of cancer" - See Zyflamend at Amazon.com.
  • Vitamin D, calcium combo may halve melanoma risk some women - USATODAY.com, 6/29/11 - "The supplements were 1,000 milligrams of calcium and 400 IU of vitamin D daily ... Over about seven years of follow-up, the women taking the supplements who had had previous non-melanoma skin cancer reduced their risk of developing melanoma by 57 percent, compared with similar women not taking the supplements" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • Serum omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and cutaneous p53 expression in an Australian population - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Jan 7 - "There was an inverse association, showing a dose-response relationship, between total n-3 fatty acid serum concentrations and p53 immunoreactivity in the whole epidermis as well as basal layer. This was due particularly to eicosapentanoic acid and docosahexanoic acid concentrations. There was no evidence for increased p53 immunoreactivity in participants with relatively high serum n-6 fatty acid concentrations. The ratio of n-3 to n-6 fatty acid concentrations was not associated with p53 immunoreactivity ... The prospect that increased intake of n-3 fatty acids could help prevent skin cancer is attractive" - See Mega Twin EPA at Amazon.com and Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
  • Skin Cancer Patients More Likely to Be Deficient in Vitamin D - Time Magazine, 10/19/10 - "The results point out that while dermatologists are understandably focused on their patients' skin cancer risk, they should also be checking their vitamin D levels and advising those who are low to supplement their levels with a pill ... We should be more proactive at checking these levels" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • Genetic predisposition to certain skin cancers may be associated with vitamin D deficiency - Science Daily, 10/18/10 - "Patients with basal cell nevus syndrome, which predisposes them to develop non-melanoma skin cancers, appear to be at increased risk for vitamin D deficiency if they take steps to protect themselves from sunlight ... When compared with the general population, patients with basal cell nevus syndrome had lower average vitamin D levels and were three times more likely to be deficient" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • Broccoli-extract may protect skin from harmful UV - Nutra USA, 4/9/10 - "Hairless mice developed 25 per cent fewer skin tumours following exposure to UV radiation and fed a the broccoli extract for 13 weeks, compared with mice receiving a standard protective agent ... In addition, the tumours the broccoli-fed mice did develop were 70 per cent smaller" - [Abstract]
  • Antioxidant Study Suggests Possibility of "Sunburn Pill" - Medscape, 12/11/09 - "The researchers theorize that people at increased risk for melanoma could take NAC as a "sunburn pill" before exposure to large amounts of sunlight. Such an approach, they add, could theoretically reduce a person's lifetime risk of melanoma and also minimize the problems associated with taking a daily medication" - See n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
  • Inverse association between serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels and non-melanoma skin cancer in elderly men - Cancer Causes Control. 2009 Nov 18 - "Men in the highest quintile of 25(OH)D (>30 ng/mL) had 47% lower odds of NMSC (95% CI: 0.30-0.93, p = 0.026) compared to those in the lowest quintile. Our results suggest that a diagnosis of NMSC is not a surrogate for adequate 25(OH)D levels or increased UV exposure, and high 25(OH)D levels may be associated with a reduced risk of NMSC" - See vitamin D at Amazon.com.
  • Antioxidants Not Associated With Increased Melanoma Risk - Science Daily, 9/1/09
  • Resveratrol Enhances Ultraviolet B-Induced Cell Death through Nuclear Factor-kappa B Pathway in Human Epidermoid Carcinoma A431 Cells - Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009 Apr 24 - "In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the combination of resveratrol and UVB act synergistically against skin cancer cells. Thus, resveratrol is a potential chemotherapeutic agent against skin carcinogenesis" - See resveratrol products at Amazon.com.
  • Serum Antioxidants and Skin Cancer Risk: An 8-Year Community-Based Follow-up Study - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Mar 31 - "basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin ... Although there were no associations between baseline serum carotenoids or alpha-tocopherol concentrations and incidence of BCC or SCC, baseline serum selenium concentrations showed strong inverse associations with both BCC and SCC tumor incidence. Compared with participants with lowest selenium concentrations at baseline (0.4-1.0 micromol/L), those with the highest serum selenium concentrations (1.3-2.8 micromol/L) had a decreased incidence of BCC tumors (multivariate relative risk, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.21-0.86; Ptrend = 0.02) and SCC tumors (multivariate relative risk, 0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.15-0.82; Ptrend = 0.02)"
  • Broccoli And Cabbage-based Drug Could Inhibit Melanoma - Science Daily, 3/1/09 - "We have developed drugs from naturally occurring compounds that can inhibit the growth of tumors in mice by 50 to 60 percent with a very low dose ... Robertson and his colleagues previously showed the therapeutic potential of targeting the Akt3 protein in inhibiting the development of melanoma. The search for a drug to block the protein led them to a class of compounds called isothiocyanates ... These naturally occurring chemicals found in cruciferous vegetables are known to have certain cancer-fighting properties ... Selenium deficiency is common in cancer patients ... the selenium-enhanced compounds significantly reduced the production of Akt3 protein and shut down its signaling network"
  • Hypovitaminosis D Appears Common Among Skin Cancer Population - oncologystat.com, 5/12/08 - "Nearly all patients undergoing Mohs surgery for nonmelanoma skin cancer were found to be vitamin D deficient"
  • Quercetin selectively inhibits bioreduction and enhances apoptosis in melanoma cells that overexpress tyrosinase - Nutr Cancer. 2007;59(2):258-68 - "quercetin can selectively sensitize Tyr+ expressing melanoma cells to apoptosis and may serve as an adjuvant to chemotherapy by enhancing cell death and interfering with GST-mediated drug resistance" - See quercetin at Amazon.com.
  • Coffee vs. Skin Cancer? - WebMD, 11/2/07 - "each daily cup of caffeinated coffee was associated with a 5% drop in the women's odds of reporting nonmelanoma skin cancer"
  • Caffeine And Exercise Can Team Up To Prevent Skin Cancer - Science Daily, 7/30/07
  • Study: Combo of exercise, caffeine can fight skin cancers - USA Today, 7/30/07
  • Tea 'could cut skin cancer risk' - BBC News, 4/19/07 - "Those who drank two or more cups a day had a 65% lower risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma" - See Jarrow green tea at iHerb.
  • Grape seed extract may protect against skin cancer - Nutra USA, 3/27/07
  • Treatment of metastatic melanoma B16F10 by the flavonoids tangeretin, rutin, and diosmin - J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Aug 24;53(17):6791-7 - "The greatest reduction in the number of metastatic nodules (52%) was obtained with diosmin"
  • Curry Spice May Fight Skin Cancer - WebMD, 7/11/05 - "curcumin, the yellow pigment found in the spice turmeric, kills and stops the growth of melanoma skin cancer cells in laboratory tests"
  • Screening for Skin Cancer? - Dr. Weil, 7/26/04
  • Fruity Ways to Fight Skin Cancer - WebMD, 10/29/03
  • Preventing Skin Cancer: There's a Doctor in Your Kitchen, Household Items Like Aspirin and Green Tea Can Ward Off Cancer - WebMD, 4/30/01 - "Vitamin A ... Diet ... Green Tea ... Soybeans ... NSAIDS"

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