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Alcoholism
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N-acetylcysteine improves
impulse control and attenuates relapse-like alcohol intake in long-term drinking
rats - Behav Brain Res 2022 Sep 1 - "In conclusion,
our findings continue to support the use of NAC as an adjuvant treatment for the
maintenance of abstinence in AUD. Moreover, we provide evidence for NAC's
efficacy in improving impulse control following drinking, which warrants further
investigation in substance use settings" - See
n-acetyl cysteine at Amazon.com.
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Alcoholism and nutrition:
a review of vitamin supplementation and treatment - Curr Opin Clin Nutr
Metab Care. 2020 Jan 20 - "There are very significant
findings with individual vitamin supplementation and combinations that show
promise of our understanding of the role of vitamins in the disease of
alcoholism and its treatment"
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Low serum magnesium and
1-year mortality in Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome - Eur J Clin Invest. 2019
Jun 19:e13152 - "Overall, 1-year mortality was significantly higher among those
patients who were magnesium deficient (<0.75 mmol/L) when compared to those who
were replete (> 0.75 mmol/L)" - See
magnesium supplements at Amazon.com.
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Fish oil
may have positive effects on mood, alcohol craving, new study shows -
Science Daily, 5/26/11 - "Researchers at the Indiana
University School of Medicine have found at a molecular level a potential
therapeutic benefit from these dietary supplements for treating alcohol
abuse and psychiatric disorders ... In a multi-year study, researchers
showed conclusive behavioral and molecular benefits for omega 3 fatty acid
given to mice models of bipolar disorder. The fatty acid DHA, which is one
of the main active ingredients in fish oil, "normalized their behavior," ...
The mice that were given DHA normalized their behavior, they are not
depressed and when subjected to stress, they do not become manic ... When we
looked into their brains, using comprehensive gene expression studies, we
were surprised to see that genes that are known targets of psychiatric
medications were modulated and normalized by DHA ... These bipolar mice,
like some bipolar patients, love alcohol. The mice on DHA drank much less;
it curtailed their alcohol abusive behavior ... There is now substantial
evidence at the molecular level that omega-3 fatty acids work on the brain
in ways similar to psychiatric drug ... Omega 3 fatty acids are known to be
good for one's health, good for one's brain, and lack major side-effects, as
opposed to some psychiatric medications" - See
Jarrow Max DHA at Amazon.com.
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Treatment with kudzu extract does not cause an increase in alcohol's
intoxicating effects, study finds - Science Daily, 1/18/11
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Zinc
Supplements During Pregnancy May Counteract Damage From Early Alcohol
Exposure - Science Daily, 2/2/09 - "Animal
research has shown that binge drinking – even just once – during early
pregnancy can cause numerous problems for the fetus, including early
postnatal death. Fetal zinc deficiency may explain some of the birth defects
and neurodevelopmental abnormalities associated with alcohol exposure. New
rodent findings are the first to show that dietary zinc supplements
throughout pregnancy can reduce some alcohol-related birth defects"
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Antioxidants May Protect Against Alcohol Damage - Intelihealth, 6/3/03 -
"fed rats a liquid diet containing alcohol for six
weeks ... They found a 66 percent decrease in the number of new cells in
crucial parts of the brain and an increase in cell death of more than 227
percent ... But in rats that also received injections of the
antioxidant
ebselen, the damage to developing cells did not
occur ... The antioxidant ebselen was used because it is known to have
protective effects in the liver and digestive tract and has few side effects
in humans"
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Comparison of hypericum extracts with imipramine and fluoxetine in animal
models of depression and alcoholism - Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1999
Dec;9(6):461-8 -
"The present study suggests that hypericum extracts
have antidepressant-like properties which resemble those of clinically
established antidepressants, and that Remotiv may be an interesting adjunct
for the treatment of alcoholism"
Other News:
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Sobering Data on
Alcohol-Related Deaths in the US - Medscape, 1/14/20 -
"between 1999 and 2017, almost 1 million individuals
died from some type of alcohol-related cause. In addition, the mention of
alcohol in death certificates increased from nearly 36,000 per year to more
than 72,000 during the same period ... This result is especially troubling
because it comes "at a time of growing evidence that even one drink per day
of alcohol can contribute to an increase in the risk of breast cancer for
women" - Note: Too often I hear the argument that pot is no
worse than alcohol, as if alcohol wasn't a huge problem.
One in eight American adults is an alcoholic. The logic seems to
be the it's justification for increasing the problem. Alcohol
destroyed the lives of a lot of my family.
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Alcohol dependence seems to shorten life more than smoking, especially among
women - Science Daily, 10/16/12 - "alcohol
dependent (AD) ... John and his colleagues used registration data to gather
a random sample of 4,070 respondents between the ages of 18 and 64 years
from a region in Germany ... First, we found that annualized death rates
were 4.6-fold higher for females and 1.9-fold higher for males compared to
the age- and gender-specific general population ... Second, we found that
the mean age at death was 60 for females and 58 for males, both of which are
about 20 years lower than the mean age at death among the general
population. None of those deceased had reached the age of life expectancy"
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Shortened telomeres in individuals with abuse in alcohol consumption -
Int J Cancer. 2011 Feb 23 - "Alcohol abuse leads to
earlier onset of aging-related diseases, including cancer at multiple sites.
Shorter telomere length (TL) in peripheral blood leucocytes (PBLs), a marker
of biological aging, has been associated with alcohol-related cancer risks
... To investigated the effect of alcohol abuse on PBL TL and its
interaction with alcohol metabolic genotypes, we examined 200 drunk-driving
traffic offenders diagnosed as alcohol abusers as per the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-IV-TR] and enrolled in a
probation program, and 257 social drinkers (controls) ... TL was nearly
halved in alcohol abusers compared to controls (GMs 0.42 vs. 0.87 relative
T/S ratio; P<0.0001) and decreased in relation with increasing
drink-units/day (P-trend=0.003). Individuals drinking >4 drink-units/day had
substantially shorter TL than those drinking ≤4 drink-units/day (GMs 0.48
vs. 0.61 T/S, P=0.002). Carriers of the common ADH1B*1/*1 (rs1229984)
genotype were more likely to be abusers (P=0.008), reported higher
drink-units/day (P=0.0003), and exhibited shorter TL (P<0.0001). The rs698
ADH1C and rs671 ALDH2 polymorphisms were not associated with TL. The
decrease in PBL-TL modulated by the alcohol metabolic genotype ADH1B*1/*1
may represent a novel mechanism potentially related to alcohol
carcinogenesis in alcohol abusers"
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Chronic drinking increases levels of stress hormones, leading to
neurotoxicity - Science Daily, 9/7/10 - "Both
drinking and withdrawal from chronic drinking can raise circulating
glucocorticoid levels, known as cortisol in humans and corticosterone in
rodents. Prolonged and high concentrations of glucocorticoids can have
damaging effects on neuronal function and cognition"
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Acamprosate prevents relapse to drinking in alcoholism, review finds -
Science Daily, 9/7/10
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Gabapentin Effective in
Treating Alcohol Dependence - Medscape, 6/9/10
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Iron
Overload: An Important Co-factor In The Development Of Liver Disease In
Alcoholics - Science Daily, 2/24/09 - "A high
prevalence of iron overload was found in alcoholics, which appeared to be
related to the development of liver disease [odds ration for having liver
disease in alcoholics with transferrin saturation greater than 45% was 2.2
(95% CI 1.37-3.54)]"
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Medication Shows Promise As A Treatment For Alcohol Dependence - Science
Daily, 10/9/07
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Migraine pill helps some alcoholics taper off - USATODAY.com, 10/9/07
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Brain Atrophy in Alcoholics: Relationship with Alcohol Intake; Liver
Disease; Nutritional Status, and Inflammation - Alcohol Alcohol. 2007
Sep 11 - "Brain atrophy is frequently observed in
alcoholics, but relationships with liver function, cytokines, nutritional
status, and hormone levels are poor"
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High
Alcohol Consumption Increases Stroke Risk Among Chinese Men - Science
Daily, 8/20/07
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Vivitrol, the First, Once-Monthly Injectable Medication for Alcohol
Dependence Now Available in the United States - Doctor's Guide, 6/13/06
- Motivation key to beating
alcoholism - MSNBC, 5/2/06
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Successful Treatment Of Alcoholism Found In The Doctor's Office -
Science Daily, 5/2/06
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FDA OKs New Alcoholism Treatment - WebMD, 4/14/06
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Injection to treat alcoholism OK'd - USA Today, 4/13/06
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New Paradigm Embraced For Alcohol Treatment - Clinical Psychiatry News,
1/06
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Twofold Approach Best Fights Alcoholism - WebMD, 10/13/05
- New drugs promise
treatments for alcoholism - MSNBC, 9/13/05
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National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Issues New Clinician's
Guide for Helping Patients Who Drink Too Much - Doctor's Guide, 7/19/05
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Patients with Alcohol Dependence Have Continued Benefit After 18 Months of
Naltrexone Therapy - Doctor's Guide, 5/31/05
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Once-a-month Naltrexone Successfully Used To Treat Alcohol Dependence -
Science Daily, 5/17/05
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Campral (Acamprosate Calcium) Appears Safe, Well-Tolerated in Long-Term
Treatment of Alcohol Dependence - Doctor's Guide, 4/15/05
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Treating Alcoholism With a Monthly Shot - WebMD, 4/5/05
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Medication Helps Alcoholics Control Drinking - Science Daily, 3/5/05
- 1/3 Fully
Recover From Alcoholism - WebMD, 1/19/05
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First New Treatment for Alcoholism in Ten Years, Now Available Campral
(Acamprosate Calcium) Delayed-Release Tablets - Doctor's Guide, 1/11/05
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Drug Approved for Alcoholism - Physician's Weekly, 11/15/04
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Oral Topiramate Reduces the Consequences of Drinking and Improves the
Quality of Life of Alcohol-Dependent Individuals: A Randomized Controlled
Trial - Archives of General Psychiatry, 9/04
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Alcohol Abstinence Drug Wins FDA Approval - Clinical Psychiatry News,
9/04
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Seizure Drug May Help Kick Alcohol Addiction - WebMD, 8/15/04
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FDA Approves Campral (Acamprosate) for Treatment of Alcohol Dependency -
Doctor's Guide, 7/30/04
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Mirtazapine Effective For Anxiety and Depression in Alcohol Detoxification
- Doctor's Guide, 10/6/03
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Combination Tx Promising For Alcoholics - Clinical Psychiatry News, 9/03
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Topiramate Effective Treatment for Alcohol Dependence - Doctor's Guide,
5/27/03
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Severe Alcohol Addiction May Be Widely Prevalent In Bipolar Patients -
Doctor's Guide, 5/20/03
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Topiramate Improves Abstinence From Drinking - Doctor's Guide, 5/16/03
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Epilepsy Drug May
Help Cure Alcoholics - WebMD, 5/15/03
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Alcoholism: AA Best; Experts Unsure Why - WebMD, 4/25/03
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Antabuse No Panacea for Alcoholism - Clinical Psychiatry News, 4/03
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Benzodiazepines Are Best for Alcohol Withdrawal - Clinical Psychiatry
News, 4/03
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Naltrexone Depot May Curb Alcohol Dependence - Clinical Psychiatry News,
2/03
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Ondansetron Curbs Drinking in Some Alcoholics - Clinical Psychiatry
News, 9/02
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FDA Panel Mulls European Data on Alcohol Drug [acamprosate] - Clinical
Psychiatry News, 7/02
- Benzodiazepines
Better PRN, Not ATC for Alcohol Withdrawal - Medscape, 6/3/02
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Cancer May
Progress More Rapidly in Alcoholics - WebMD, 5/15/02
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Adult Children of Alcoholics Display Less Acute Response to Environmental
Cues - Doctor's Guide, 4/16/02
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Researchers Link Alcoholism and Suicide - Doctor's Guide, 4/16/02
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Ondansetron Reduces Craving In Biologically Predisposed Early-Onset
Alcoholics - Doctor's Guide, 4/9/02
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Study Finds 1,400 College Student Deaths Annually Related To Alcohol -
Intelihealth, 4/9/02
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Naltrexone Reduces Craving in Alcohol Dependence - Doctor's Guide,
2/28/02
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Include Smoking Cessation in Alcohol Abstinence Program - Clinical
Psychiatry News, 1/02
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Galanthamine Cuts Alcohol Intake, Not Relapses - Clinical Psychiatry
News, 1/02
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Poor Results For Naltrexone In Alcoholism Study - Doctor's Guide,
12/13/01
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Alcoholics Do Well On Naltrexone Along With Skills Training - Doctor's
Guide, 11/15/01
- Anticonvulsant,
Valproate (Divalproex), Possible Treatment Option for Alcohol Withdrawal
Syndrome - Doctor's Guide, 9/17/01 - see
valproate
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