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Home > Anti-aging Research > Chlorogenic Acid (CGA)

Chlorogenic Acid (CGA)

Specific Recommendations:

News & Research:

  • Chemical in coffee may help prevent obesity-related disease - Science Daily, 11/14/14 - "chlorogenic acid, or CGA, significantly reduced insulin resistance and accumulation of fat in the livers of mice who were fed a high-fat diet ... which is found in great abundance in coffee, but also in other fruits and vegetables like apples, pears, tomatoes and blueberries ... CGA was not only effective in preventing weight gain, but it also helped maintain normal blood sugar levels and healthy liver composition ... CGA is a powerful antioxidant that reduces inflammation" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
  • Green Coffee Bean Extract: Helpful or All Hype? - U.S. News, 8/1/13
  • Could Coffee Bean Extract Help Control Blood Sugar? - WebMD, 4/9/13 - "Vinson's study analyzed 30 men and women of normal weight who did not have diabetes. They took supplements containing between 100 milligrams (mg) and 400 mg of the green coffee extract in a capsule with water, followed by glucose tolerance tests at several points afterward ... All doses of the extract appeared to lower participants' blood sugar levels, Vinson said, but a dose of 400 mg was associated with a 24 percent drop 30 minutes after taking the extract and a 31 percent drop 120 minutes later ... Vinson said he believes the sugar-lowering effects of green coffee extract are due to its concentration of chlorogenic acids -- antioxidants found in apples, cherries, plums and other fruits and vegetables. High temperatures used to roast coffee beans typically break down chlorogenic acids, he said, so coffee beverages contain less of them than extracts found in supplements" - [Science Daily]
  • Why Coffee May Reduce Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 1/13/12 - "The Chinese researchers looked at three major active compounds in coffee and their effect on stopping the toxic accumulation of the protein: ... Caffeine ... Caffeic acid or CA ... Chlorogenic acid or CGA ... All three had an effect. However, caffeic acid was best"
  • Java Reduces Type 2 Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 11/7/02 - "Caffeine is known to decrease the body's response to insulin. However, other ingredients found in coffee -- magnesium and chlorogenic acid -- may have beneficial effects ... researchers followed more than 17,000 Dutch adults. After several years of follow-up, those who drank seven or more cups a day were half as likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared with those who drank less than two cups a day ... The long-term effects of drinking too much caffeine are not known and other health issues could develop

Abstracts:

  • Chlorogenic acid reduces inflammation by inhibiting the elevated expression of KAT2A to ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury - Br J Pharmacol 2023 Mar 13 - "Respiratory diseases have become a global health problem and may lead to acute lung injury (ALI) in severe cases. ALI progression is associated with complex pathological changes; however, there are currently no effective therapeutic drugs. Excessive activation and recruitment of immunocytes in the lungs and the release of large amounts of cytokines are considered the primary causes of ALI, but the cellular mechanisms involved remain unknown ... Targeted inhibition of KAT2A suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines and improved respiratory function in this murine model of ALI. Chlorogenic acid, a specific KAT2A-targeting inhibitor, was effective in treating ALI. In conclusion, our results provide a reference for the clinical treatment of ALI and contribute to the development of novel therapeutic drugs for lung injury" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
  • The effect of green coffee and/or endurance exercise on sperm function in pre-diabetic mice - Andrologia 2022 Aug 24 - "This study aimed to investigate the effect of green coffee (GC), chlorogenic acid (CA) as an active ingredient of GC and exercise, alone or in a combination with exercise, on spermatogenesis and sperm function in pre-diabetic mice ... Although lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS production, and persistent histones in sperm were high in pre-diabetic mice, exercise only can improve sperm motility. GC alone only improved sperm motility in pre-diabetic mice while CA alone, even did not have this beneficial effect. However, GC along with exercise, did not improve motility but reduce DNA damage, while CA with exercise, significantly improved motility compared to pre-diabetic stage and to the level comparable to control. Therefore, based on this result in individuals with high DNA damage, GC supplementation and exercise could be useful approach while in asthenozoospermia, CA supplementation and exercise should be considered as an alternative approach" - See green coffee bean extract at Amazon.com.
  • Effect of Chlorogenic Acid via Upregulating Resolvin D1 Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway on Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Liver Inflammation - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Aug 17 - "Chronic stress can cause chronic inflammatory injury to the liver. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is known to have a wide range of biological activities and anti-inflammatory effects ... These results suggest that the protective effects of CGA mediate the NF-κB pathway by upregulating the generation of RvD1. Above all, this research demonstrates the liver protective effect of CGA and provides a potential treatment strategy for chronic inflammatory disease"
  • Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Hyperuricemia Nephropathy via Regulating TMAO-Related Gut Microbes and Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Aug 11 - "Hyperuricemia is an independent hazard factor of renal injury and can induce renal fibrosis, promoting the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to explore the probability of chlorogenic acid (CGA) as a potential substance for preventing hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN) ... CGA delayed kidney fibrosis in HN rats as evidenced by regulating the cascade response of the microbiota-TMAO-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In summary, CGA can be an excellent candidate for HN prevention"
  • Chlorogenic acid improves the intestinal barrier by relieving endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibiting ROCK/MLCK signaling pathways - Food Funct 2022 Mar 30 - "CGA protects the intestinal barrier by inhibiting ROCK/MLCK signalling pathways and relieving ER stress. These findings highlight the importance of rapidly screening potential active ingredients that benefit the intestinal barrier and provide a theoretical basis for enteral nutrition"
  • Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Mediating the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Feb 21 - "Chlorogenic acid (CGA) displays cognition-improving properties, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, CGA supplementation (150 mg/kg body weight) for 14 weeks significantly prevented obesity and insulin resistance, cognitive-behavioral disturbances, and synaptic dysfunction induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD). Moreover, CGA supplementation enhanced the expression of genes enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and reduced inflammatory factor expressions. Furthermore, CGA treatment increased gut microbiota diversity and the level of bacterial genera producing SCFAs. CGA also decreased the concentration of energy metabolism substrates, while it increased phosphorylcholine. Finally, we observed a significant correlation among synaptic transmission genes, gut microbiota, and neurotransmission in the CGA supplementation group by targeted multiomics analysis"
  • Chlorogenic acid improves diabetic retinopathy by alleviating blood-retinal-barrier dysfunction via inducing Nrf2 activation - Phytother Res 2022 Feb 8 - "As one of the major diabetic microvascular complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is mainly initiated by the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural polyphenolic compound in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, which traditionally has the beneficial function for eyes and is commonly included in many anti-diabetic formulas ... All results suggest that CGA improves DR through attenuating BRB injury by reducing microglia-initiated inflammation and preventing TNFα-induced EndoMT/EMT and oxidative injury via inducing Nrf2 activation"
  • Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on trimethyltin chloride-induced neurobehavioral dysfunctions in mice relying on the gut microbiota - Food Funct 2022 Jan 24 - "Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is acknowledged to have potent neurotoxicity. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), the most abundant polyphenol in the human diet, is well-known for its neuroprotective activity. This investigation was performed to determine the effects and mechanisms of CGA on TMT-induced neurobehavioral dysfunctions. Mice received oral administrations of CGA (30 mg kg-1) for 11 days, in which they were intraperitoneally injected with TMT (2.7 mg kg-1) once on the 8th day. The daily intake of CGA significantly alleviated TMT-induced epilepsy-like seizure and cognition impairment, ameliorating hippocampal neuronal degeneration and neuroinflammation. Oral gavage of CGA potentially exerted neuroprotective effects through JNK/c-Jun and TLR4/NFκB pathways. Microbiome analysis revealed that daily consumption of CGA raised the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in TMT-treated mice. SCFAs, the gut microbial metabolites associated with neuroprotection, were increased in the mouse hippocampus following CGA treatment. TMT-induced neurotransmitter disorders were regulated by oral gavage of CGA, especially DL-kynurenine and acetylcholine chloride. Additionally, neurotransmitters in the mouse hippocampus were found to be highly associated with the gut microbiota. Our findings provided research evidence for the neuroprotective effect of CGA on TMT-induced neurobehavioral dysfunctions"
  • Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on capillary regression caused by disuse muscle atrophy - Biomed Res 2021;42(6):257-264 - "Inactivity causes muscle atrophy and capillary regression in skeletal muscle. Chlorogenic acid has an antioxidant capacity and may prevent capillary regression ... In conclusion, chlorogenic acid supplementation may qualify as an effective treatment to reduce capillary regression in skeletal muscle caused by disuse muscle atrophy" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
  • Chlorogenic acid delays the progression of Parkinson's disease via autophagy induction in Caenorhabditis elegans - Nutr Neurosci 2021 Dec 19 - "Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a polyphenolic substance derived from various medicinal plants. Although CGA is reported to have potential anti-PD effect, the beneficial effect and the underlying mechanism remain unclear ... The present study indicates that CGA exerts neuroprotective effect in C. elegans via autophagy induction"
  • Chlorogenic acid delays the progression of Parkinson's disease via autophagy induction in Caenorhabditis elegans - Nutr Neurosci 2021 Dec 19 - "Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a polyphenolic substance derived from various medicinal plants. Although CGA is reported to have potential anti-PD effect, the beneficial effect and the underlying mechanism remain unclear ... ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) ... CGA significantly reduced α-synuclein aggregation, improved motor disorders, restored lipid content, and decreased ROS and MDA contents in NL5901 nematodes. Meanwhile, CGA inhibited DA neuron-degeneration and improved food-sensing behavior in 6-OHDA-exposed BZ555 nematodes. In addition, CGA increased the number of GFP::LGG-1 foci in DA2123 nematodes and degraded p62 protein in BC12921 nematodes. Meanwhile, CGA up-regulated the expression of autophagy-related genes in NL5901 nematodes. Moreover, the anti-PD effect of CGA was closely related to autophagy induction via increasing the expression of autophagy-related genes, including unc-51, bec-1, vps-34, and lgg-1"
  • Protection Mechanisms Underlying Oral Administration of Chlorogenic Acid against Cadmium-Induced Hepatorenal Injury Related to Regulating Intestinal Flora Balance - J Agric Food Chem 2021 Jan 26 - "Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal, which is widely used in the industry and daily life. It has a long half-life, so large amounts of Cd can accumulate in humans and become toxic. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) can eliminate free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation and is mainly used to prevent metal toxicity ... In acute Cd-exposed mice, CGA treatment (ip) alleviated Cd-induced oxidative damage and reduced the production of NO and MPO in the liver and kidney tissues, while TLR4 expression levels did not change significantly. After 8 weeks of Cd exposure, CGA administration (gavage) significantly alleviated gut dysbiosis by decreasing the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, enhancing the relative abundances of bacteria, including Ruminiclostridium_9, Alloprevotella, and Rikenella, and inhibiting the activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggested that protection mechanisms underlying the oral administration of CGA against the Cd-induced hepatorenal injury was related to the regulation of the intestinal flora balance. CGA can be used as an effective component in daily diet to prevent Cd toxicity"
  • Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis through Activation of the NO/cGMP/PKG Pathway in Cardiac Fibroblasts - Mol Nutr Food Res 2020 Nov 17 - "Hyperglycemia-induced cardiac fibrosis is one of the main causes of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM). Chlorogenic acid (CGA) found in many foods has excellent hypoglycemic effectiveness, but it is not known whether CGA can improve DM by inhibiting cardiac fibrosis caused by hyperglycemia ... Besides lowering blood glucose, CGA also has an independent ability to inhibit cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, long-term consumption of foods rich in CGA for diabetic patients will have great benefits to improve diabetic cardiomyopathy" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com and iHerb.
  • Chlorogenic Acid Suppresses miR-155 and Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis Through the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome Pathway - Mol Nutr Food Res 2020 Oct 20 - "These findings indicate that CGA prevented colitis by downregulating miR-155 expression and inactivating the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in macrophages. The current study may have promising therapeutic implications in the treatment of ulcerative colitis"
  • Effect of Chlorogenic Acids on Cognitive Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial - J Alzheimers Dis. 2019 Oct 29 - "The main polyphenol contained in coffee beans, chlorogenic acid (CGA), improves attention in healthy individuals ... Trail Making Test (TMT-A, TMT-B) testing attention ... In the TMT-B test, participants had a significantly reduced number of errors while ingesting the CGA beverage as compared with the placebo beverage (p < 0.05), although there was no difference in test completion time"
  • Chlorogenic acid-enriched green coffee bean extract affects arterial stiffness assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index in healthy men: a pilot study - Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2019 Mar 25:1-7 - "chlorogenic acid-enriched green coffee bean extract (cGCE) ... cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) ... Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and sympathetic nervous activity (SNA) ... The CAVI change was significantly greater in the cGCE group than in the placebo group. In addition, FMD increased and SNA decreased in the cGCE group. These findings suggest that 2-week ingestion of cGCE may improve arterial stiffness as assessed by the CAVI"
  • Effect of Chlorogenic Acids on Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial - Nutrients 2018, 10(10), 1337 - "The CGA group showed significant increase in the Cognitrax domain scores for motor speed, psychomotor speed, and executive function compared with the placebo group, as well as an improvement in the shifting attention test scores. In blood analysis, the CGA group showed increased levels of apolipoprotein A1 and transthyretin, both of which are putative biomarkers for early-stage cognitive decline" - [Nutra USA]
  • Coffee with a high content of chlorogenic acids and low content of hydroxyhydroquinone improves postprandial endothelial dysfunction in patients with borderline and stage 1 hypertension - Eur J Nutr. 2018 Jan 12 - "Compared with baseline values, single intake of coffee with a high content of chlorogenic acids and low content of hydroxyhydroquinone, but not coffee with a high content of chlorogenic acids and high content of hydroxyhydroquinone or placebo coffee, significantly improved postprandial flow-mediated vasodilation and decreased circulating 8-isoprostane levels" - [Nutra USA] - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
  • Urtica thunbergiana prevents UVB-induced premature skin aging by regulating the transcription factor NFATc1: An in vitro and in vivo study - Journal of Functional Foods, September 2017 - "Urtica thunbergiana leaf extract (UT) ... Our data showed that UVB exposure decreased the level of phosphorylated NFATc1. One active component of UT, chlorogenic acid (CGA), regulated NFATc1 dephosphorylation to a similar extent as tacrolimus, a calcineurin inhibitor. Our results suggest that UT and its active component, CGA, have the potential to prevent UVB-induced premature skin aging by regulating NFATc1" - [Nutra USA]
  • Mediation of coffee-induced improvements in human vascular function by chlorogenic acids and its metabolites: Two randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trials - Clin Nutr. 2016 Nov 30 - "polyphenol intake has been linked to improvements in human vascular function, although data on hydroxycinnamates, such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) have not yet been studied. We aimed to investigate the impact of coffee intake rich in chlorogenic acid on human vascular function and whether CGAs are involved in potential effects ... flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) ... FMD responses to coffee intake was closely paralleled by the appearance of CGA metabolites in plasma ... pure 5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), the main CGA in coffee (5-CQA; 450 mg and 900 mg) on FMD was also investigated ... Coffee intake acutely improves human vascular function, an effect, in part, mediated by 5-CQA and its physiological metabolites" - See green coffee bean extract at Amazon.com (usually standardized to 50% chlorogenic acids.
  • Chlorogenic Acid Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Jul 4 - "Coffee and tea, two of the most popular drinks around the world, share many in common from chemical components to beneficial effects on human health. One of their shared components, the polyphenols, most notably chlorogenic acid (CGA), was supposed to account for many of the beneficial effects on ameliorating diseases occurred accompanying people aging, such as the antioxidant effect and against diabetes and cardiovascular disease ... We found that CGA could extend the lifespan of C. elegans by up to 20.1%, delay the age-related decline of body movement, and improve stress resistance"
  • Chlorogenic Acid Extends the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Jul 4 - "Coffee and tea, two of the most popular drinks around the world, share many in common from chemical components to beneficial effects on human health. One of their shared components, the polyphenols, most notably chlorogenic acid (CGA), was supposed to account for many of the beneficial effects on ameliorating diseases occurred accompanying people aging, such as the antioxidant effect and against diabetes and cardiovascular disease ... We found that CGA could extend the lifespan of C. elegans by up to 20.1%, delay the age-related decline of body movement, and improve stress resistance"
  • Chlorogenic acid and caffeine in combination inhibit fat accumulation by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes in mice - Br J Nutr. 2014 Sep;112(6):1034-40 - "chlorogenic acid (CGA) ... forty mice were randomly assigned to four groups and fed diets containing no CGA or caffeine, CGA, caffeine, or CGA+caffeine for 24 weeks ... There was a decrease in the body weight and IPAT weight of mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet. There was a significant decrease in the serum and hepatic concentrations of total cholesterol, TAG and leptin of mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet ... These results indicate that CGA+caffeine suppresses fat accumulation and body weight gain by regulating the activities and mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic lipid metabolism-related enzymes and that these effects are stronger than those exerted by CGA and caffeine individually" - See green coffee bean extract at Amazon.com.
  • Cognitive and neuroprotective effects of chlorogenic acid - Nutr Neurosci. 2014 Aug 17 - "chlorogenic acid (CGA) ... A literature search was conducted using PubMed ... Recent research suggests that dietary consumption of CGA could produce a wide range of health benefits and physiological effects. There is also mounting evidence that the consumption of polyphenols, including CGA, in the diet could reduce the risk of developing neurodegenerative conditions"
    • Chlorogenic acid - Wikipedia - "Chlorogenic acid can be found in bamboo Phyllostachys edulis.[8] as well as in many other plants.[9] It is one of the major phenolic compounds identified in peach[10] and in prunes.[11] It also is one of the phenols found in green coffee bean extract"
  • The effect of chlorogenic acid on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials - J Hum Hypertens. 2014 Jun 19 - "Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant reduction in systolic blood pressure in favour of CGA (mean difference (MD): -4.31 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval (CI): -5.60 to -3.01; I2=65%; P<0.00001). Meta-analysis also showed a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure favouring CGA (MD: -3.68 mm Hg; 95% CI: -3.91 to -3.45; I2=97%; P<0.00001)" - See artichoke extract at Amazon.com and chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.