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Precose (acarbose)

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• Actos (pioglitazone HCl) / Amaryl (glimepiride) / Avandia (rosiglitazone) / Byetta (exenatide) / Diabeta, Micronase (glyburide) / Farxiga (dapagliflozin) / Glucophage (metformin) / insulin / Invokana (canagliflozin) / Januvia (sitagliptin) / Jardiance (empagliflozin) / Lantus (glargine) / Onglyza (saxagliptin) / Prandin™ (repaglinide) / Precose (acarbose) / Rezulin (troglitazone) / Starlix® (nateglinide) / Symlin (pramlintide acetate) / Victoza (liraglutide)

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News & Research:

• Acarbose Reduces Insulin Resistance and Triglyceride Levels in Obese Persons with Normal Glucose Tolerance - Doctor's Guide, 1/6/04
• Acarbose Can Prevent Diabetes in Impaired Glucose Tolerance Patients - Doctor's Guide, 9/4/02
• Acarbose May Delay Development Of Type-2 Diabetes - Doctor's Guide, 6/14/02
• Drug [Precose] Helps Prevent Type 2 Diabetes - WebMD, 6/13/02

Abstracts:

• Early or late-life treatment with acarbose or rapamycin improves physical performance and affects cardiac structure in aging mice - J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022 Nov 7 - "Pharmacological treatments can extend lifespan in mice. For optimal translation in humans, treatments should improve health during aging, and demonstrate efficacy when started later in life. Acarbose (ACA) and Rapamycin (RAP) extend lifespan in mice when treatment is started early or later in life. Both drugs can also improve some indices of healthy aging, although there has been little systematic study of whether health benefits accrue differently depending on the age at which treatment is started. Here we compare the effects of early (4 month) versus late (16 month) onset ACA or RAP treatment on physical function and cardiac structure in genetically heterogeneous aged mice. ACA or RAP treatment improve rotarod acceleration and endurance capacity compared to controls, with effects that are largely similar in mice starting treatment from early or late in life. Compared to controls, cardiac hypertrophy is reduced by ACA or RAP in both sexes regardless of age treatment onset. ACA has a greater effect on the cardiac lipidome than RAP, and effects of early life treatment are recapitulated by late life treatment. These results indicate that late life treatment with these drugs provide at least some of the benefits of life long treatment, although some of the benefits occur only in males, which could lead to sex differences in health outcomes later in life" - See Siromus (rapamycin) at ReliableRXPharmacy.
  • Comparison of Glucose Lowering Effect of Metformin and Acarbose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis - PLoS One. 2015 - "The glucose lowering effects of metformin monotherapy and acarbose monotherapy are the same by direct comparison, while metformin is a little better by indirect comparison. This implies that the effect of metformin is at least as good as acarbose's"
• Acarbose Treatment Increases Serum Total Adiponectin Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes - Endocr J. 2008 May 15 - "Treatment with acarbose and pioglitazone decreased HbA1c values by 0.49 % and 0.63 %, respectively. Pioglitazone, as expected, increased serum levels of total adiponectin by 2.1 fold and its high molecular weight isoform by 3.6 fold. We found that acarbose also caused a small but significant increase in serum concentrations of total adiponectin. However, in contrast to pioglitazone, no appreciable changes were observed in the levels of high molecular weight adiponectin"
• Prevention of Type 2 diabetes: fact or fiction? - Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007 Dec;8(18):3147-58 - " The STOP-NIDDM (Study To Prevent Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus) trial (n = 1429) showed that acarbose 100 mg t.i.d. with meals decreased the incidence of diabetes by 36% when the diagnosis was based on 2 oral glucose tolerance tests"
• Low-dose acarbose does not delay digestion of starch but reduces its bioavailability - Diabet Med. 2007 Mar 22