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Anti-aging Research > Aspartame
Aspartame & other sugar substitutes
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News & Research:
-
Can a Common Artificial
Sweetener Fuel Anxiety? - Medscape, 12/20/22 - "mice
that drank water containing aspartame exhibited pronounced anxiety-like
behaviors in a variety of maze tests ... This behavior occurred at aspartame
doses equivalent to less than 15% of the maximum daily human intake recommended
by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ... "It was such a robust
anxiety-like trait that I don't think any of us were anticipating we would see.
It was completely unexpected. Usually you see subtle changes ... When consumed,
aspartame becomes aspartic acid, phenylalanine, and methanol ― all of which can
have potent effects on the central nervous system ... Exposing the mice to
aspartame also produced changes in the expression of genes regulating
excitation-inhibition balance in the amygdala, a brain region that regulates
anxiety and fear"
-
Low-calories sweeteners might not be as good for us as we thought - National
Geographic, 9/9/22 - "Scientists have long suspected a
link between artificial sweeteners and obesity in humans, but until now that
connection had only been shown in lab mice. Now, in a first of its kind trial,
scientists in Israel have tested these chemicals in humans. Their results show
that artificial sweeteners not only disturb the microbes living in the guts of
humans—which are critical for supplying essential nutrients, synthesizing
vitamin K, and digesting dietary fibers among other things—but some may impact
how quickly the body removes sugar from the blood after a meal. The longer
glucose stays in the blood, the greater the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, and chronic kidney disease ... The disruption to the microbiome occurs
because non-nutritional sweeteners, although zero or low calorie for humans,
serve as nutrients for some microbes, which then proliferate. This causes an
imbalance in microbial populations that can cause chronic intestinal
inflammation or colon cancer"
-
Study
suggests association between consuming artificial sweeteners and increased
cancer risk - Science Daily, 3/24/22 - "enrollees
consuming larger quantities of artificial sweeteners, particularly aspartame and
acesulfame-K, had higher risk of overall cancer compared to non-consumers
(hazard ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.25). Higher risks were
observed for breast cancer and obesity-related cancers"
-
How Sugar Substitutes Stack Up - National Graphics, 7/17/13 -
"Xylitol is five percent less sweet than sugar, but it
has 40 percent fewer calories (9 calories versus sugar's 16) and a low glycemic
index" - Note: Sounds like a no-brainer. Add 5% more if you want the same
sweetness. I snack on pumpkin pie. For the sugar part, I replace it with a third
inulin, a third trehalose and a third xylitol. See
inulin at Amazon.com,
trehalose at Amazon.com
and xylitol at Amazon.com.
-
Your
gut senses the difference between real sugar and artificial sweetener -
Science Daily, 1/13/22 - "Sugar has both taste and
nutritive value and the gut is able to identify both"
-
Artificially sweetened drinks may not be heart healthier than sugary drinks
- Science Daily, 10/26/20 - "researchers looked at data
from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort to investigate the relationship between
the risk of cardiovascular disease and consuming sugary drinks and artificially
sweetened drinks ... Compared to non-consumers, both higher consumers of sugary
drinks and of artificially sweetened beverages had higher risks of first
incident cardiovascular disease, after taking into account a wide range of
confounding factors"
-
Artificial sweeteners
impair endothelial vascular reactivity: Preliminary results in rodents -
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Feb 12 -
"Healthy Wistar rats followed a 10-week standard diet including
the consumption of water sweetened or not with a sucralose/acesulfame
potassium solution at different concentrations: for moderate
consumption at 1 and 2 mg.kg-1.day-1, respectively or high
intake at 15 and 15 mg.kg-1.day-1 for both molecules (acceptable
daily intake) ... Both groups of AS-treated rats showed a
significant increase in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose
tissue mass storage, without changes in total body mass.
However, rats that have consumed AS at Acceptable Daily Intake
(ADI) concentration revealed a significant vascular endothelial
dysfunction compared to other groups. These results are
interesting because they will help to better explain the
observed increase in cardiometabolic risk"
-
Are Low-Calorie Sweeteners Good or Bad for You? - WebMD,
11/8/19 - "But there is evidence to
suggest that frequent use of the sweeteners, especially in diet
sodas, raises the risk of several chronic diseases, including
obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease
... A large long-term study published in October found that
drinking at least an additional half-serving daily of
artificially sweetened beverages was associated with a 16%
higher risk of diabetes. Interestingly, when people replaced one
daily serving of a sugary beverage with water, coffee, or tea,
but not an artificially sweetened beverage, it was associated
with a 2% to 10% lower diabetes risk ... Other studies have
linked artificially sweetened beverages with stroke and heart
disease. For example, after controlling for lifestyle factors, a
February study found that women who drank two or more
artificially sweetened beverages each day were 31% more likely
to have a clot-based stroke, 29% more likely to have heart
disease, and 16% more likely to die from any cause than women
who drank diet beverages less than once a week or not at all"
-
Vanilla
makes milk beverages seem sweeter - Science Daily, 6/20/19 -
"In a blind taste test that provided new insights into
taste enhancement by an aroma, participants -- who did not know vanilla had been
added to the milk -- consistently indicated that samples with vanilla were
significantly sweeter than their added sugar concentrations could explain ...
The subjects' responses indicate that with the addition of vanilla, the added
sugar content in flavored milk could potentially be reduced by 20 to 50 percent"
-
Diet Soda Linked to
Increased Risk for Diabetic Retinopathy - Medscape, 12/31/18 -
"In our clinical sample of people with diabetes,
consuming more than four cans, or 1.5 liters, of diet soft drinks per week was
associated with a twofold increased risk of having proliferative diabetic
retinopathy ... Interestingly, the study did not find a correlation between
consumption of regular, sugar-sweetened soft drinks and increased risk for
diabetic retinopathy"
-
Artificial sweeteners have toxic effects on gut microbes - Science Daily,
10/1/18 - "The collaborative study indicated relative toxicity of six artificial
sweeteners (aspartame, sucralose, saccharine, neotame, advantame, and acesulfame
potassium-k) and 10 sport supplements containing these artificial sweeteners.
The bacteria found in the digestive system became toxic when exposed to
concentrations of only one mg./ml. of the artificial sweeteners"
-
Sucralose produces previously unidentified metabolites - Science Daily,
8/27/18 - "Based on previous studies, we know that
sucralose can be passed on by nursing mothers in their breastmilk ... And, among
other findings, we know that sucralose can reduce the abundance of beneficial
bacteria in the gut. Our new study shows that sucralose is also creating
metabolites whose potential health effects we know little or nothing about"
-
Consuming low-calorie sweeteners may predispose overweight individuals to
diabetes - Science Daily, 3/18/18 - "They analyzed
biopsy samples of abdominal fat obtained from 18 subjects who said they consumed
low-calorie sweeteners (mainly sucralose and a trace of aspartame, and/or
acesulfame potassium) ... in the subjects with obesity or overweight, the
researchers noted significant evidence of increased glucose (sugar) transport
into cells and overexpression of known fat-producing genes, compared with fat
biopsy samples from subjects who did not consume low-calorie sweeteners ... In a
new cell culture study, Sen found that sucralose appears to promote oxygen
radical accumulation -- a highly reactive particles that can cause disease and
inflammation inside cells. These oxygen radicals interfere with cell activity
and slow down metabolism, which promotes accumulation of fat in the cell"
-
Artificial sweeteners linked to risk of weight gain, heart disease and other
health issues - Science Daily, 7/17/17 -
"Consumption of artificial sweeteners, such as aspartame, sucralose and stevia,
is widespread and increasing. Emerging data indicate that artificial, or
nonnutritive, sweeteners may have negative effects on metabolism, gut bacteria
and appetite ... the longer observational studies showed a link between
consumption of artificial sweeteners and relatively higher risks of weight gain
and obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease and other health
issues"
-
Oxidative stress evoked
damages on rat sperm and attenuated antioxidant status on consumption of
aspartame - Int J Impot Res. 2017 Apr 27 - "Result
suggest that there was a significant increase glutathione-s-transferase (GST),
with a significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase
activity (SOD), glutathione peroxidase levels (GPx), catalase activity (CAT) and
glutathione reductase concentration. The increase in free radicals generation
could have ultimately caused the lipid peroxidation mediated damages on the
testis. Aspartame treated animals also revealed the reduced space in
seminiferous tubules, which resulted in reduced Leydig cells when compared with
control in histopathology. These findings demonstrate that aspartame metabolites
could be a contributing factor for development of oxidative stress in the
epididymal sperm"
-
Sugar- and Artificially
Sweetened Beverages and the Risks of Incident Stroke and Dementia: A Prospective
Cohort Study - Stroke. 2017 Apr 20 - "When comparing
daily cumulative intake to 0 per week (reference), the hazard ratios were 2.96
(95% confidence interval, 1.26-6.97) for ischemic stroke and 2.89 (95%
confidence interval, 1.18-7.07) for Alzheimer's disease. Sugar-sweetened
beverages were not associated with stroke or dementia"
-
Diet sodas may be tied to stroke, dementia risk - CNN, 4/20/17 -
"Compared to never drinking artificially sweetened soft
drinks, those who drank one a day were almost three times as likely to have an
ischemic stroke, caused by blocked blood vessels, the researchers found ... They
also found that those who drank one a day were nearly three times as likely to
be diagnosed with dementia ... Those who drank one to six artificially sweetened
beverages a week were 2.6 times as likely to experience an ischemic stroke but
were no more likely to develop dementia" - [AHA]
[Science
Daily]
-
Why
artificial sweeteners can increase appetite - Science Daily, 7/12/16 -
"After chronic exposure to a diet that contained the
artificial sweetener sucralose, we saw that animals began eating a lot more ...
Through systematic investigation of this effect, we found that inside the
brain's reward centres, sweet sensation is integrated with energy content. When
sweetness versus energy is out of balance for a period of time, the brain
recalibrates and increases total calories consumed ... chronic consumption of
this artificial sweetener actually increases the sweet intensity of real
nutritive sugar, and this then increases the animal's overall motivation to eat
more food ... The researchers also found artificial sweeteners promoted
hyperactivity, insomnia and decreased sleep quality -- behaviours consistent
with a mild starvation or fasting state -- with similar effects on sleep also
previously reported in human studies"
-
Soft drink
consumption, mainly diet ones, is associated with increased blood pressure in
adolescents - J Hypertens. 2015 Dec 16 - "SBP was
5.4 mmHg higher in the diet soft drink consumers group compared with the
nonconsumers group and 3.3 mmHg higher compared with the sugar-sweetened
consumers group (P value of trend = 0.01). Moreover, DBP was also higher among
diet soft drink consumers compared with nonconsumers, with a difference of
3.3 mmHg, and compared with sugar-sweetened consumers, with a difference of
2.3 mmHg"
-
Diet Soft
Drink Consumption is Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome: A Two Sample
Comparison - Nutrients. 2015 May 13 - "In both
studies, individuals who consumed at least one soft drink per day had a higher
prevalence of MetS, than non-consumers. This was most evident for consumers of
diet soft drinks, consistent across both studies. Diet soft drink intakes were
also positively associated with waist circumference and fasting plasma glucose
in both studies. Despite quite different consumption patterns of diet versus
regular soft drinks in the two studies, findings from both support the notion
that diet soft drinks are associated with a higher prevalence of MetS"
-
Diet Soda
Intake Is Associated with Long-Term Increases in Waist Circumference in a
Biethnic Cohort of Older Adults: The San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging
- J Am Geriatr Soc. 2015 Mar 17 - "diet soda (DS) intake
(DSI) ... In a striking dose-response relationship, increasing DSI was
associated with escalating abdominal obesity, a potential pathway for
cardiometabolic risk in this aging population"
-
Diet
soda linked to increases in belly fat in older adults - Science Daily,
3/17/15 - "The San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging
(SALSA) enrolled 749 Mexican- and European-Americans who were aged 65 and older
at the start of the study (1992-96) ... the increase in waist circumference
among diet soda drinkers, per follow-up interval, was almost triple that among
non-users: 2.11 cm versus 0.77 cm, respectively. After adjustment for multiple
potential confounders, interval waist circumference increases were 0.77 cm for
non-users, 1.76 cm for occasional users, and 3.04 cm for daily users. This
translates to waist circumference increases of 0.80 inches for non-users, 1.83
inches for occasional users, and 3.16 inches for daily users over the total
9.4-year SALSA follow-up period"
-
Artificial Sweeteners May Disrupt Body's Blood Sugar Controls - NYTimes.com,
9/17/14 - "In the initial set of experiments, the
scientists added saccharin (the sweetener in the pink packets of Sweet’N Low),
sucralose (the yellow packets of Splenda) or aspartame (the blue packets of
Equal) to the drinking water of 10-week-old mice. Other mice drank plain water
or water supplemented with glucose or with ordinary table sugar. After a week,
there was little change in the mice who drank water or sugar water, but the
group getting artificial sweeteners developed marked intolerance to glucose ...
Glucose intolerance, in which the body is less able to cope with large amounts
of sugar, can lead to more serious illnesses like metabolic syndrome and Type 2
diabetes ... When the researchers treated the mice with antibiotics, killing
much of the bacteria in the digestive system, the glucose intolerance went away
... It also suggests probiotics — medicines consisting of live bacteria — could
be used to shift gut bacteria to a population that reversed the glucose
intolerance" - [How
Can Diet Sodas Make You Fat? Study May Explain It - NBC News] - See
probiotic products at Amazon.com.
-
Diet
beverages not the solution for weight loss - Science Daily, 1/17/14 -
"Artificial sweeteners, which are present in high doses
in diet soda, are associated with a greater activation of reward centers in the
brain, thus altering the reward a person experiences from sweet tastes. In other
words, among people who drink diet soda, the brain's sweet sensors may no longer
provide a reliable gauge of energy consumption because the artificial sweetener
disrupts appetite control. As a result, consumption of diet drinks may result in
increased food intake overall"
-
Brain
Cannot Be Fooled by Artificial Sweeteners; Higher Likelihood of Sugar
Consumption Later - Science Daily, 9/23/13 -
"According to the data, when we apply substances that interfere with a critical
step of the ‘sugar-to-energy pathway’, the interest of the animals in consuming
artificial sweetener decreases significantly, along with important reductions in
brain dopamine levels"
-
The Dark
Side of Artificial Sweeteners: Expert Reviews Negative Impact - Science
Daily, 7/10/13 - "Consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks
has been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome -- a group
of risk factors that raises the risk for heart disease and stroke. As a result,
many Americans have turned to artificial sweeteners, which are hundreds of times
sweeter than sugar but contain few, if any, calories. However, studies in humans
have shown that consumption of artificially sweetened beverages is also
associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome as well as
cardiovascular disease. As few as one of these drinks per day is enough to
significantly increase the risk for health problems ... studies in mice and rats
have shown that consumption of noncaloric sweeteners dampens physiological
responses to sweet taste, causing the animals to overindulge in calorie-rich,
sweet-tasting food and pack on extra pounds"
-
Consumption
of artificially and sugar-sweetened beverages and incident type 2 diabetes in
the Etude Epidemiologique aupres des femmes de la Mutuelle Generale de
l'Education Nationale-European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and
Nutrition cohort - Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Jan 30 - "It
has been extensively shown, mainly in US populations, that sugar-sweetened
beverages (SSBs) are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D),
but less is known about the effects of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs)
... A total of 66,118 women were followed from 1993, and 1369 incident cases of
T2D were diagnosed during the follow-up ... Compared with nonconsumers, women in
the highest quartiles of SSB and ASB consumers were at increased risk of T2D
with HRs (95% CIs) of 1.34 (1.05, 1.71) and 2.21 (1.56, 3.14) for women who
consumed >359 and >603 mL/wk of SSBs and ASBs, respectively. Strong positive
trends in T2D risk were also observed across quartiles of consumption for both
types of beverage (P = 0.0088 and P < 0.0001, respectively) ... No association
was observed for 100% fruit juice consumption"
-
Hold the
diet soda? Sweetened drinks linked to depression, coffee tied to lower risk
- Science Daily, 1/8/13 - "The study involved 263,925
people between the ages of 50 and 71 at enrollment. From 1995 to 1996,
consumption of drinks such as soda, tea, fruit punch and coffee was evaluated.
About 10 years later, researchers asked the participants whether they had been
diagnosed with depression since the year 2000 ... People who drank more than
four cans or cups per day of soda were 30 percent more likely to develop
depression than those who drank no soda. Those who drank four cans of fruit
punch per day were about 38 percent more likely to develop depression than those
who did not drink sweetened drinks. People who drank four cups of coffee per day
were about 10 percent less likely to develop depression than those who drank no
coffee. The risk appeared to be greater for people who drank diet than regular
soda, diet than regular fruit punches and for diet than regular iced tea"
-
Caffeinated
and caffeine-free beverages and risk of type 2 diabetes - Am J Clin Nutr.
2012 Nov 14 - "observed 74,749 women from the Nurses'
Health Study (NHS, 1984-2008) and 39,059 men from the Health Professionals
Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2008) ... sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and
carbonated artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) ... caffeinated and
caffeine-free SSB intake was significantly associated with a higher risk of T2D
in the NHS (RR per serving: 13% for caffeinated SSB, 11% for caffeine-free SSB;
P < 0.05) and in the HPFS (RR per serving: 16% for caffeinated SSB, 23% for
caffeine-free SSB; P < 0.01). Only caffeine-free ASB intake in NHS participants
was associated with a higher risk of T2D (RR: 6% per serving; P < 0.001).
Conversely, the consumption of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee was
associated with a lower risk of T2D [RR per serving: 8% for both caffeinated and
decaffeinated coffee in the NHS (P < 0.0001) and 4% for caffeinated and 7% for
decaffeinated coffee in the HPFS (P < 0.01)]. Only caffeinated tea was
associated with a lower T2D risk among NHS participants"
-
Diet soda is doing these 7 awful things to your body - Today Health,
10/18/12 - "even just one diet soda a day is linked
to a 34% higher risk of metabolic syndrome ... the more diet sodas a person
drank, the greater their risk of becoming overweight. Downing just two or
more cans a day increased waistlines by 500% ... Cell Damage Diet sodas
contain something many regular sodas don't: mold inhibitors. They go by the
names sodium benzoate or potassium benzoate, and they're in nearly all diet
sodas"
-
Are
diet soft drinks bad for you? - Science Daily, 1/31/12 -
"Individuals who drink diet soft drinks on a daily
basis may be at increased risk of suffering vascular events such as stroke,
heart attack, and vascular death ... in contrast, they found that regular
soft drink consumption and a more moderate intake of diet soft drinks do not
appear to be linked to a higher risk of vascular events ... those who drank
diet soft drinks daily were 43 percent more likely to have suffered a
vascular event than those who drank none"
-
Waistlines in people, glucose levels in mice hint at sweeteners' effects:
Related studies point to the illusion of the artificial - Science Daily,
6/27/11 - "In the constant battle to lose inches or
at least stay the same, we reach for the diet soda. Two studies presented
June 25 and 27 at the American Diabetes Association's Scientific Sessions in
San Diego suggest this might be self-defeating behavior ... diet soft drink
consumption is associated with increased waist circumference in humans, and
a second study that found aspartame raised fasting glucose (blood sugar) in
diabetes-prone mice ... The average follow-up time was 9.5 years ... Diet
soft drink users, as a group, experienced 70 percent greater increases in
waist circumference compared with non-users. Frequent users, who said they
consumed two or more diet sodas a day, experienced waist circumference
increases that were 500 percent greater than those of non-users ... In the
related project ... One group of the mice ate chow to which both aspartame
and corn oil were added; the other group ate chow with the corn oil added
but not the aspartame. After three months on this high-fat diet, the mice in
the aspartame group showed elevated fasting glucose levels but equal or
diminished insulin levels, consistent with early declines in pancreatic
beta-cell function"
-
Fat
substitutes linked to weight gain: Rats on high-fat diet gained more weight
after eating low-calorie potato chips made with fat substitutes -
Science Daily, 6/20/11 - "Half of the rats in each
group also were fed Pringles potato chips that are high in fat and calories.
The remaining rats in each group were fed high-calorie Pringles chips on
some days and low-calorie Pringles Light chips on other days. The Pringles
Light chips are made with olestra, a synthetic fat substitute that has zero
calories and passes through the body undigested ... For rats on the high-fat
diet, the group that ate both types of potato chips consumed more food,
gained more weight and developed more fatty tissue than the rats that ate
only the high-calorie chips. The fat rats also didn't lose the extra weight
even after the potato chips were removed from their diet. "Based on this
data, a diet that is low in fat and calories might be a better strategy for
weight loss than using fat substitutes," ... Food with a sweet or fatty
taste usually indicates a large number of calories, and the taste triggers
various responses by the body, including salivation, hormonal secretions and
metabolic reactions. Fat substitutes can interfere with that relationship
when the body expects to receive a large burst of calories but is fooled by
a fat substitute ... Swithers and Davidson have reported similar findings in
previous rat studies that showed saccharin and other artificial sweeteners
also can promote weight gain and increased body fat"
-
Diet
soda may raise odds of vascular events; Salt linked to stroke risk -
Science Daily, 2/9/11 - "In findings involving 2,564
people in the large, multi-ethnic Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS),
scientists said people who drank diet soda every day had a 61 percent higher
risk of vascular events than those who reported no soda drinking ... In
separate research using 2,657 participants also in the Manhattan study,
scientists found that high salt intake, independent of the hypertension it
causes, was linked to a dramatically increased risk of ischemic strokes
(when a blood vessel blockage cuts off blood flow to the brain)"
-
US
EPA removes saccharin from hazardous substances listing - Science Daily,
12/14/10
-
Drinking Tea May Trim Men's Waistlines - WebMD, 1/29/10 -
"In men, the use of sugar in tea was associated with
a nearly 1-inch smaller waist measurement, but the use of artificial
sweeteners was linked to a nearly 2-inch larger waistline ... Among women,
the use of milk in tea was associated with a two-thirds-of-an-inch smaller
waistline. But women who used artificial sweeteners had an average of nearly
an inch larger waistline" - See
green tea extract at Amazon.com.
-
Diet Sodas May Be Hard on the Kidneys - WebMD, 11/2/09 -
"Women who drank two or more diet sodas a day had a
30% drop in a measure of kidney function during the lengthy study follow-up
... Thirty percent is considered significant ... Put another way: the women
who drank two or more diet sodas a day had a decline in their glomerular
filtration rate, a measure of kidney function, of 3 milliliters per minute
per year. ''With natural aging, kidney function declines about 1 mL per
minute per year after age 40"
-
Daily Diet Soda Consumption Linked to Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes
- Medscape, 2/11/09 - "Compared with participants
who did not drink diet soda, those who drank diet soda at least daily had a
36% greater relative risk for incident MetSyn (HR, 1.36; 95% confidence
interval [CI], 1.11 - 1.66) and a 67% greater relative risk for incident
type 2 diabetes"
-
New
Salvo in Splenda Skirmish - New York Times, 9/22/08 -
"Splenda — the grainy white crystals in the little
yellow packets — contributes to obesity, destroys “good” intestinal bacteria
and prevents prescription drugs from being absorbed"
-
Truvia, a new, natural, zero-calorie sweetener made from the stevia plant,
is making its debut online and in certain supermarkets in New York -
WebMD, 7/10/08 - "Truvia, a new, natural,
zero-calorie sweetener made from the stevia plant, is making its debut
online and in certain supermarkets in New York"
-
Artificial Sweeteners Linked To Weight Gain - Science Daily, 2/10/08 -
"relative to rats that ate yogurt sweetened with
glucose (a simple sugar with 15 calories/teaspoon, the same as table sugar),
rats given yogurt sweetened with zero-calorie saccharin later consumed more
calories, gained more weight, put on more body fat, and didn't make up for
it by cutting back later, all at levels of statistical significance"
-
Severe Weight Loss Can Be Caused By Chewing Gum, Doctors Report -
Science Daily, 1/11/08 - "sorbitol consumption can
cause not only chronic diarrhoea and functional bowel complaints but also
considerable unintended weight loss (about 20% of usual body weight)"
-
Sweetener Side Effects: Case Histories - WebMD, 1/10/08
-
Aspartame Deemed Safe By Expert Panel - Science Daily, 9/15/07
-
1 Daily Soda May Boost Heart Disease - WebMD, 7/23/07 -
"Drinking just one soft drink a day -- whether diet
or regular -- may boost your risk of getting heart disease ... drinking one
or more sodas a day was linked with a 44% higher risk of participants
developing metabolic syndrome"
-
Aspartame Safety Study Stirs Emotions - WebMD, 6/26/07
-
EU: Sugar substitute poses no cancer risk - USA Today, 5/5/06
-
Aspartame-Cancer Link Refuted - WebMD, 4/4/06
-
New
Study Suggests Artificial Sweetener Causes Cancer In Rats At Levels
Currently Approved For Humans - Science Daily, 2/13/06 -
"aspartame is a multipotential carcinogenic compound
whose carcinogenic effects are also evident at a daily dose of 20 milligrams
per kilogram of body weight (mg/kg), notably less than the current
acceptable daily intake for humans"
-
Artificial Sweeteners: Are They Safe? - ABC News, 2/13/06
-
Rat Study Shows Cancer, Aspartame Link - WebMD, 11/18/05
-
Rat Study Links Aspartame to Cancer - Science Daily, 7/29/05
-
Sweetener 'linked' to leukaemias - BBC News, 7/14/05 -
"Compared with control rats given no sweetener, many
of the female rats in the experiment developed lymphomas or leukaemias - the
risk increasing with the dose of aspartame"
-
Drink More Diet Soda, Gain More Weight - WebMD, 6/13/05
-
Are Artificial
Sweeteners Safe? - WebMD, 3/25/05
-
Beware of More Deceptive Splenda Propaganda - mercola.com, 3/16/05
- Sweetener in
the Spotlight: Is Splenda Safe? - WebMD, 2/16/05 -
"there are currently only a handful of studies that question Splenda's
safety and more than 100 which attest to it's safe use ... it simply hasn't
been around long enough to amass any long-term data -- or even short-term
data involving heavy consumption"
-
Consumer Group Questions Splenda's Claims - mercola.com, 1/17/05
-
Study: Fake Sweeteners Boost Rats' Eating - Intelihealth, 7/8/04
-
Sugar Alternatives: Separating the Sweet from the Chaff
- Natural Foods Merchandiser, 7/04
- Artificial
Sweeteners May Damage Diet Efforts - WebMD, 6/30/04
-
Artificial Sweetener May Disrupt Body's Ability To Count Calories, According
To New Study - Science Daily, 6/30/04
- The skinny on sweeteners -
MSNBC, 1/1/04 - "Based on what sweeteners are
available now, my choice is Splenda, or sucralose, when used by itself"
- See
Splenda
at drugstore.com.
-
How Safe Are the Sugar Substitutes? - Time, 9/15/03 -
"I think that
sucralose is
safe, that aspartame is probably safe and that serious questions about
saccharin remain"
- Aspartame: Can a Little Bit
Hurt? - Dr. Weil, 9/25/02
- A Safer Sweetener?
[Splenda/sucralose] - Dr. Weil, 5/22/02 - See
Splenda
at drugstore.com.
- Read the Deadly Truth
about Aspartame
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