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Uric Acid

Alternative News:

• Flavonoid extract of saffron by-product alleviates hyperuricemia via inhibiting xanthine oxidase and modulating gut microbiota - Phytother Res 2022 Dec - "Hyperuricemia was associated with the overproduction or inadequate excretion of uric acid, while its association with gut microbiota has emerged although few studies were focused on it. Previously, we have reported a flavonoid extract from saffron floral bio-residues lowered uric acid in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice ... the flavonoid extract lowered serum and intestinal uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats without kidney damage. On the one hand, it inhibited serum and liver xanthine oxidase activities and down-regulated the expression of hepatic xanthine oxidase. On the other hand, it ameliorated the hyperuricemia-associated gut microbiota dysbiosis and alleviated the disturbance of serum metabolome, especially of lipid and amino acid metabolites. The results suggested that the flavonoid extract of saffron floral bio-residues exerts a potent antihyperuricemia effect by inhibiting xanthine oxidase to decrease uric acid production and modulating gut microbiota related to host metabolism" - See Saffron supplements at Amazon.com.
• Live and pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila attenuate hyperuricemia in mice through modulating uric acid metabolism, inflammation, and gut microbiota - Food Funct 2022 Nov 14 - "Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) has been demonstrated to exhibit beneficial effects against various metabolic diseases, but whether A. muciniphila has an anti-hyperuricemia effect remains unexplored ... These findings suggest that both live or pasteurized A. muciniphila could effectively attenuate hyperuricemia by moderating uric acid metabolism and inflammation, and live bacteria exhibit additional beneficial effects on the gut microbiota. These findings highlight that A. muciniphila could be potentially developed as a probiotic or postbiotic to combat hyperuricemia" - See Akkermansia muciniphila at Amazon.com.
• Serum Uric Acid Lowering With Empagliflozin in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction - Medscape, 10/26/22 - "SUA was reduced by an average of 1.12 mg/dL (66.2 μmol/L) with empagliflozin vs. placebo in this study, a relatively modest reduction compared with that achievable with xanthine oxidase inhibitors such as allopurinol.[12] However, the modest reduction in urate in EMPEROR-Reduced was associated with a significant 32% reduction in adverse gout outcomes. This is important because hyperuricaemia, and also clinical gout, often co-exist with heart failure, and this causes difficulties with therapeutic choices in the management of patients, particularly with diuretics that can worsen hyperuricaemia. Empagliflozin treatment in EMPEROR-Reduced was also associated with an impressive 30% reduction in hospitalizations for heart failure, which was the main driver of the 25% reduction in the primary outcome of first hospitalization for heart failure or cardiovascular death. However, interestingly, this finding was independent of the decrease in SUA observed with empagliflozin therapy" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.
• Chlorogenic Acid Prevents Hyperuricemia Nephropathy via Regulating TMAO-Related Gut Microbes and Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Aug 11 - "Hyperuricemia is an independent hazard factor of renal injury and can induce renal fibrosis, promoting the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to explore the probability of chlorogenic acid (CGA) as a potential substance for preventing hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN) ... CGA delayed kidney fibrosis in HN rats as evidenced by regulating the cascade response of the microbiota-TMAO-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In summary, CGA can be an excellent candidate for HN prevention" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
• Uric acid and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition with empagliflozin in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the EMPEROR-reduced trial - Eur Heart J 2022 Jul 5 - "Hyperuricaemia is common in HF and is an independent predictor of advanced disease severity and increased mortality. Empagliflozin induced a rapid and sustained reduction of SUA levels and of clinical events related to hyperuricaemia. The benefit of empagliflozin on the primary outcome was observed independently of SUA" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.
• Association of Total Calcium With Serum Uric Acid Levels Among United States Adolescents Aged 12-19 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Jun 10 - "In United States adolescents, total CA levels were linearly and positively correlated with SUA levels"
• The Inverted U-Shaped Association of Caffeine Intake with Serum Uric Acid in U.S. Adults - J Nutr Health Aging 2022 - "serum uric acid (SUA) ... This study indicated that caffeine intake exhibited an inverse correlation with SUA, especially in males. In addition, this inverse relationship was nonlinear, which followed an inverted U-shaped curve"
• Effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors on serum uric acid in patients with T2DM: A systematic review and network meta-analysis - Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 Oct 6 - "serum uric acid (SUA) ... SGLT-2 inhibitors could significantly reduce SUA levels in patients with T2DM, especially luseogliflozin (1 mg and 10 mg) and dapagliflozin (5 mg) possess the best effects. Therefore, SGLT-2 inhibitors look extremely promising as an anti-diabetes treatment option in patients with T2DM with high SUA" - See dapagliflozin at ReliableRxPharmacy.
• Effects of Tart Cherry Powder on Serum Uric Acid in Hyperuricemia Rat Model - Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020 Jul 22 - "low dose of tart cherry powder (0.17 g/kg·bw) showed effects on hyperuricemia by slightly decreasing serum uric acid and improving kidney injury, whereas high dose of tart cherry powder (0.50 g/kg·bw) could merely alleviate kidney injury. Meanwhile, adenosine deaminase activity rather than xanthine oxidase activity was affected at low dose, which reveals low dose of tarty cherry powder may be beneficial to hyperuricemia through reduction of ADA activity, and its reported potentials on antioxidation or anti-inflammation provide clues for further study" - See tart cherry extract at Amazon.com and iHerb.
• Folic acid therapy reduces serum uric acid in hypertensive patients: a substudy of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT) - Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Feb 1 - "A total of 15,364 hypertensive patients were randomly assigned to a double-blind daily treatment with a single tablet that contained 10 mg enalapril and 0.8 mg folic acid (n = 7685) or 10 mg enalapril alone (n = 7679) ... After a median of 4.4 y of treatment, the mean ± SD UA concentration increased by 34.7 ± 72.5 μmol/L in the enalapril-alone group and by 30.7 ± 71.8 μmol/L in the enalapril-folic acid group, which resulted in a mean group difference of -4.0 μmol/L (95% CI: -6.5, -1.6 μmol/L; P = 0.001). Furthermore, compared with enalapril alone, enalapril-folic acid treatment showed an increase in controlled hyperuricemia (30.3% compared with 25.6%; OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.70) and a decrease in new-onset hyperuricemia (15.0% compared with 16.3%; OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.79, 0.99)" - See folic acid products at Amazon.com.
• Quercetin lowers plasma uric acid in pre-hyperuricaemic males: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial - Br J Nutr. 2016 Jan 20:1-7 - "The intervention included one tablet containing 500 mg quercetin daily for 4 weeks, compared with placebo, with a 4-week washout period between treatments ... After quercetin treatment, plasma uric acid concentrations were significantly lowered by -26·5 µmol/l (95 % CI, -7·6, -45·5; P=0·008), without affecting fasting glucose, urinary excretion of uric acid or blood pressure" - See quercetin at Amazon.com.
• Effect of Green Tea Extract on Uric Acid and Urate Clearance - Medscape, 10/29/14 - "Participants were assigned randomly at the interventional period to consume GTE at 2 (GTE2), 4 (GTE4), or 6 (GTE6) g/d. Levels of serum uric acid (SUA), uric acid clearance, and serum antioxidant power (using trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay) were measured at both ends of each study period ... Serum uric acid reduction was greatest in GTE2 (from 4.81 ± 0.81 mg/dL to 4.64 ± 0.92 mg/dL, 3.53%). Uric acid clearance decreased significantly in GTE2 (from 11.37 ± 6.41 mL/min per 1.73 m2 to 7.44 ± 2.74 mL/min per 1.73 m2, 34.56%, P < 0.05) and GTE4 (from 8.36 ± 3.41 mL/min per 1.73 m2 to 5.78 ± 2.33 mL/min per 1.73 m2, 30.86%, P < 0.05). Serum antioxidant capacity (TEAC) increased significantly in GTE6 (from 32.77 ± 3.39 mg/mL to 35.41 ± 3.17 mg/mL, 8.06%, P < 0.05)" - See green tea extract at Amazon.com.
• Polyphenols may reduce risk of gout: Study - Nutra USA, 12/13/10 - "Gout is a painful form of arthritis caused by disturbances in uric acid metabolism, when an overload of uric acid leads to the formation of urate crystals in bodily tissues, especially the joints – leading to recurring attacks of joint inflammation ... Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance can lead to increased uric acid re-absorption in the kidneys, which in turn can lead to a rise in serum uric acid concentration ... these results suggest that Oligonol lowers serum uric acid through inhibition of xanthine oxidase, and may be effective for prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia and/or gout" - See oligonol at Amazon.com.
• Vitamin C May Prevent Hyperuricemia, Gout - Medscape, 9/26/08 - "Hyperuricemia is considered a precursor of gout, which is the most common inflammatory arthritis in adult men ... An association was observed between greater vitamin C intake and lower prevalence of hyperuricemia defined as > 6 mg/dL. The multivariable odds ratio for hyperuricemia for the highest intake of vitamin C (>1000 mg/d) compared to the lowest (<90 mg/d) was 0.34 ... These findings support a potential role of vitamin C in the prevention of hyperuricemia and gout" - See vitamin C products at Amazon.com.

Other News:

• Association of plasma uric acid levels with cognitive function among non-hyperuricemia adults: A prospective study - Clin Nutr 2022 Jan 1 - "The neuroprotective roles of uric acid are still controversial. One possible explanation is that previous studies included participants with hyperuricemia, which might interfere with clarifying the association. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prospective association between plasma uric acid levels and cognitive function among non-hyperuricemia adults ... Our study supports a potential detrimental role of low levels of plasma uric acid on cognitive function among Chinese adults without hyperuricemia. More research is warranted to confirm this finding and identify the optimal plasma uric acid level for cognitive benefits"
• Increased Impact of Serum Uric Acid on Arterial Stiffness and Atherosclerosis in Females - J Atheroscler Thromb 2022 Feb 3 - "Serum uric acid increases with metabolic disorders; however, whether the effects of uric acid on atherosclerosis are different in females and males has not been sufficiently evaluated. Therefore, this study compared the impact of uric acid on arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis between females and males ... cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) ... Serum uric acid was significantly associated with the CAVI in both sexes, but the interaction of sex was confirmed and associated with a carotid plaque only in females. These findings support the increased impact of serum uric acid on arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis in females"
• Hyperuricaemia is an important risk factor of the erectile dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis - Andrologia 2022 Feb 7 - "Serum uric acid can affect endothelial function, and hyperuricaemia-induced endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. As endothelial dysfunction is also a main pathogenic mechanism of erectile dysfunction (ED), the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between hyperuricaemia and ED via systemic review and meta-analysis ... In the patients with hyperuricaemia, the risk of ED was 1.59-fold higher than (pooled OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.29, 1.97]) the non-hyperuricaemia counterparts. Urate-lowing therapy (ULT) in these hyperuricaemia patients reduced the risk of ED by 27% (OR = 1.27, 95% CI [1.14, 1.41]). After subgroup analysis, the association between hyperuricaemia and ED remained significant apart from the >60 years subgroup. Hyperuricaemia is an important risk factor of ED, while ULT can reduce the risk of ED in hyperuricaemia. This study suggests that hyperuricaemia-associated endothelial dysfunction may also underlie the pathogenesis of ED in these patients"
• Empagliflozin and uric acid metabolism in diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME tri - Diabetes Obes Metab 2021 Sep 24 - "Empagliflozin reduced UA levels and the composite of gout episodes or prescription of antigout medication. These clinically important findings expand the utility of empagliflozin as a potential antigout treatment in patients with T2D, beyond its well-established cardio-renal benefits"
• Uric Acid Associates With Executive Function in Children and Adolescents With Hypertension - Hypertension 2021 Mar 22 - "Observational studies show that serum uric acid levels associate with cardiometabolic risk factors and subclinical target organ damage. The aim of the present study is to investigate the association of traditional cardiometabolic risk factors and uric acid with the executive performance in children and adolescents. Ninety-nine children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years referred for assessment of primary hypertension were include ... we found a positive association of serum uric acid with worse executive performance in children at risk for primary hypertension. Extending these cross-sectional findings with longitudinal studies may determine whether high uric acid levels increases the risk of cognitive decline in youth"
• Serum uric acid is positively associated with the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in non-obese type 2 diabetes patients in a Chinese population - J Diabetes Complications 2021 Feb 16 - "SUA levels are strongly and independently associated with the prevalence of NAFLD. SUA may be used as a useful predictor to stratify the higher risks for NAFLD of non-obese type 2 diabetes patients"
• Sugar, Uric Acid, and the Etiology of Diabetes and Obesity - Medscape, 10/21/13 - "fructose-induced uric acid generation causes mitochondrial oxidative stress that stimulates fat accumulation independent of excessive caloric intake. These studies challenge the long-standing dogma that "a calorie is just a calorie" and suggest that the metabolic effects of food may matter as much as its energy content. The discovery that fructose-mediated generation of uric acid may have a causal role in diabetes and obesity provides new insights into pathogenesis and therapies for this important disease"
• Serum uric acid and metabolic risk - Curr Med Res Opin. 2013 Apr 24 - "Key papers for inclusion were identified by a PubMed search ... An elevated UA is both strongly associated and predictive of the metabolic syndrome, and increasing evidence suggests that UA may have a causal role. The classical viewpoint that UA is simply an innocuous marker of metabolic syndrome that should not even be measured will likely have to be modified. Lowering UA may be a novel treatment target for preventing diabetes and justify prospective clinical trials on the possible benefits of the measurement and lowering of serum UA on multiple chronic disease end points"
• Uric Acid Measurement Improves Prediction of Cardiovascular Mortality in Later Life - J Am Geriatr Soc. 2013 Mar 15 - "In individuals aged 70 and older without overt CVD, renal dysfunction, or diuretic use, serum uric acid greater than 7.0 mg/dL was associated with greater CVD mortality independent of classic CVD risk factors"
• Plasma Uric Acid Is Associated with Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Independent of Diet and Metabolic Risk Factors - J Nutr. 2012 Nov 21 - "case-cohort nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands study ... After adjustment for established diabetes risk factors such as age, the HR (highest vs. lowest quartile of uric acid) for diabetes was 4.36 (95% CI: 3.22, 5.90). Further adjustment for adiposity attenuated the HR to 1.86 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.62). Additional adjustment for hypertension and biochemical markers, such as TG, slightly attenuated the association [HR = 1.43 (95% CI: 0.97, 2.10)]. A uric acid-related dietary pattern did not confound the association. In conclusion, this study supports that high uric acid concentrations are associated with increased diabetes risk, although a large part of the association can be explained by the degree of adiposity"
• Friend or Foe? Uric Acid a 'Probable Cause' of CVD - Medscape, 4/30/12 - "Using the electronic database of the HMO, Clalit, starting in 2002, Leiba et al compared a historical cohort of healthy adults (40–70 years) with low uric-acid levels (<3 mg/dL) with those who had normal values (3.1–6.8 mg/dL) during 10 years of follow-up ... After 10 years of follow-up, healthy subjects with normal uric-acid levels had a 53% higher risk of developing hypertension (HR 1.53; p<0.001) compared with the hypouricemic group ... the risks of developing new-onset diabetes and chronic kidney disease were almost doubled (HR 1.84, p<0.001; and HR 1.93, p=0.055, respectively) in the normal-uric-acid-level group compared with the hypouricemic group ... "What do you do about it? I can't imagine putting people with normal uric acid on allopurinol, so it comes back to the usual kind of lifestyle advice.""
• Uric acid may increase likelihood of severe osteoarthritis - Science Daily, 1/18/11 - "The researchers looked at 159 people, who had knee osteoarthritis but no history of gout, a type of arthritis triggered by uric acid crystals in the joints. The researchers found the severity of osteoarthritis in their knees to be strongly correlated with the amount of uric acid in their knees. The results, which are published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, show, despite the lack of gout history, above normal uric acid levels in 39 percent of the study population, and evidence of the form of inflammation in the joints that is typically triggered by uric acid crystals"
• Uric acid level and allopurinol use as risk markers of mortality and morbidity in systolic heart failure - Am Heart J. 2010 Nov;160(5):928-33 - "The allopurinol group and highest uric acid quartile had the highest total mortality (41.7 and 42.4 per 100 person-years, respectively) and combined morbidity/mortality (45.6 and 51.0 per 100 person-years, respectively). Allopurinol use and highest uric acid quartile were independently associated with mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.65, 95% CI 1.22-2.23, P = .001 and HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.07-1.72, P = .01, respectively) and combined morbidity/mortality (uric acid quartile 4 vs 1: HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.66, P = .02; allopurinol use: HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.11-1.99, P = .008) ... Elevated uric acid level was independently associated with mortality in patients with severe systolic HF, even when accounting for allopurinol use"
• Serum Uric Acid Linked With Development of Type 2 Diabetes - Science Daily, 10/2/09 - "The pooled crude relative risk (RR) of a 1 mg/dL increase in serum uric acid was 1.17"
• Gout Drug May Lower Blood Pressure - WebMD, 9/23/09 - "A new study suggests a direct link between a high-sugar diet and high blood pressure ... allopurinol could lower high blood pressure by lowering uric acid" - Note:  Kind of a confusing article.  Yeah, high blood sugar probably is a cause of high blood pressure and high uric acid but the article implies that allopurinol lowers blood pressure by lowering the uric acid not the blood sugar so why is it discussing blood sugar?  I've  written WebMD before about articles like that and they've agreed and changed it.  This one is minor I guess.
• Healthy People With Elevated Levels Of Uric Acid Are At Risk Of Developing Kidney Disease - Science Daily, 9/17/08 - "Elevated uric acid levels in the blood indicate an increased risk of new-onset kidney disease ... it may be appropriate to prescribe uric acid–lowering drugs, such as allopurinol and probenecid, to these otherwise healthy individuals ... individuals in the slightly elevated uric acid group were 1.26 times as likely to develop kidney disease as those in the low uric acid group. The odds of developing kidney disease among volunteers in the elevated uric acid group were 1.63 times greater than that of individuals in the low uric acid group"
• High Levels Of Uric Acid May Be Associated With High Blood Pressure - Science Daily, 8/26/08 - "In the study, half of the 30 teen-agers with newly diagnosed high blood pressure and higher than normal levels of uric acid in their blood underwent treatment with allopurinol twice a day for four weeks. The other half received a placebo (an inactive drug) on the same schedule. They then went without either drug for two weeks before receiving the opposite treatment for another four weeks ... blood pressures decreased to normal in 20 of the 30 teens when they were on allopurinol. By contrast, only 1 of the 30 teens had normal blood pressure when receiving placebo"