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Hemoglobin levels and hematocrit

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• Luteolin can ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis-induced renal anaemia through the SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway - Food Funct 2022 Nov 2 - "In vivo, haemoglobin and haematocrit were increased significantly, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were decreased significantly, and the degree of renal interstitial injury and fibrosis was significantly alleviated in luteolin-treated mice compared with model mice. Erythropoietin (EPO) and hypoxia inducible factor 2A (HIF2A) levels were significantly increased and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I (COLI) and fibronectin (FN) levels were significantly decreased. Transcriptomic analysis revealed significant increases in sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) after luteolin intervention; these effects were validated in vitro and in vivo. Combined treatment with luteolin and the SIRT1 activator resveratrol or the SIRT1 inhibitor sirtinol and SIRT1-siRNA transfection revealed that blocking SIRT1 reduced FOXO3 expression and significantly decreased the benefits of luteolin, while resveratrol had the opposite effects. Molecular docking analysis indicated a stable conformation between luteolin and SIRT1. In vitro and in vivo systematic and transcriptomic studies showed that luteolin attenuates renal anaemia caused by renal fibrosis through the SIRT1/FOXO3 pathway" - See luteolin products at Amazon.com.
• Real-World data on efficacy of L-glutamine in preventing sickle cell disease-related complications in pediatric and adult patients - Front Med (Lausanne) 2022 Aug 1 - "L-glutamine has been shown to play an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress which is one of the key contributors to the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease (SCD). In a Phase 3 clinical trial, L-glutamine demonstrated a significant reduction in SCD-related complications including vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs), hospitalizations, and acute chest syndrome (ACS) compared to placebo in patients with SCD ... Compared to baseline, patients had significantly fewer pain crises (median change from 3.0 to 0.0; P < 0.00001), hospitalizations (median change from 3.0 to 0.0; P < 0.00001), days of hospitalization (median change from 15.0 to 0.0; P < 0.00001), and blood transfusions (median change from 3.0 to 0.0; P < 0.00001) at 24, 48, and 72 weeks following L-glutamine therapy. Moreover, there was a drastic decrease in the number of ACS events during this time. A significant increase was observed in mean hemoglobin levels and hematocrit proportions from baseline to 72 weeks (P < 0.001). Conversely, compared to baseline, mean reticulocyte counts and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were considerably lower at follow-up time points (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). No patient reported treatment-related adverse events" - See L-glutamine at Amazon.com.
• Possible Mechanism of Hematocrit Elevation by Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Associated Beneficial Renal and Cardiovascular Effects - Circulation 2019 Apr 23 - "SGLT2 inhibitor therapy is associated with a modest increase in hematocrit (2%–4%) relative to placebo, and this effect is consistent for all 4 SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, and ertugliflozin)" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.
• Effects of Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors on Hemoglobin Levels: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials - Front Pharmacol 2021 - "Compared to control patients, SGLT2 inhibitors were shown to increase hemoglobin levels in patients with T2DM and chronic kidney disease (standard mean difference = 0.70" - See empagliflozin inhousepharmacy.vu.

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