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Anti-aging Research > Chlorogenic Acid (CGA)
Chlorogenic Acid (CGA)
Specific Recommendations:
News & Research:
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Chemical
in coffee may help prevent obesity-related disease - Science Daily, 11/14/14
- "chlorogenic acid, or CGA, significantly reduced insulin resistance and
accumulation of fat in the livers of mice who were fed a high-fat diet ... which
is found in great abundance in coffee, but also in other fruits and vegetables
like apples, pears, tomatoes and blueberries ... CGA was not only effective in
preventing weight gain, but it also helped maintain normal blood sugar levels
and healthy liver composition ... CGA is a powerful antioxidant that reduces
inflammation" - See chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com
 .
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Green Coffee Bean Extract: Helpful or All Hype? - U.S. News, 8/1/13
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Could Coffee Bean Extract Help Control Blood Sugar? - WebMD, 4/9/13 -
"Vinson's study analyzed 30 men and women of normal
weight who did not have diabetes. They took supplements containing between
100 milligrams (mg) and 400 mg of the green coffee extract in a capsule with
water, followed by glucose tolerance tests at several points afterward ...
All doses of the extract appeared to lower participants' blood sugar levels,
Vinson said, but a dose of 400 mg was associated with a 24 percent drop 30
minutes after taking the extract and a 31 percent drop 120 minutes later ...
Vinson said he believes the sugar-lowering effects of green coffee extract
are due to its concentration of chlorogenic acids -- antioxidants found in
apples, cherries, plums and other fruits and vegetables. High temperatures
used to roast coffee beans typically break down chlorogenic acids, he said,
so coffee beverages contain less of them than extracts found in supplements"
- [Science
Daily]
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Why Coffee May Reduce Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 1/13/12 -
"The Chinese researchers looked at three major
active compounds in coffee and their effect on stopping the toxic
accumulation of the protein: ... Caffeine ... Caffeic acid or CA ...
Chlorogenic acid or CGA ... All three had an effect. However, caffeic acid
was best"
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Java Reduces
Type 2 Diabetes Risk - WebMD, 11/7/02 -
"Caffeine is known to decrease the body's response
to insulin. However, other ingredients found in
coffee --
magnesium and chlorogenic acid -- may have
beneficial effects ... researchers followed more than 17,000 Dutch adults.
After several years of follow-up, those who drank seven or more cups a day
were half as likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared with those who drank
less than two cups a day ... The long-term effects of drinking too much
caffeine are not known and other health issues could develop
Abstracts:
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Chlorogenic acid reduces
inflammation by inhibiting the elevated expression of KAT2A to ameliorate
lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury - Br J Pharmacol 2023 Mar 13 -
"Respiratory diseases have become a global health
problem and may lead to acute lung injury (ALI) in severe cases. ALI progression
is associated with complex pathological changes; however, there are currently no
effective therapeutic drugs. Excessive activation and recruitment of immunocytes
in the lungs and the release of large amounts of cytokines are considered the
primary causes of ALI, but the cellular mechanisms involved remain unknown ...
Targeted inhibition of KAT2A suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines
and improved respiratory function in this murine model of ALI. Chlorogenic acid,
a specific KAT2A-targeting inhibitor, was effective in treating ALI. In
conclusion, our results provide a reference for the clinical treatment of ALI
and contribute to the development of novel therapeutic drugs for lung injury"
- See chlorogenic acid at
Amazon.com.
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The effect of green coffee
and/or endurance exercise on sperm function in pre-diabetic mice -
Andrologia 2022 Aug 24 - "This study aimed to
investigate the effect of green coffee (GC), chlorogenic acid (CA) as an active
ingredient of GC and exercise, alone or in a combination with exercise, on
spermatogenesis and sperm function in pre-diabetic mice ... Although lipid
peroxidation, intracellular ROS production, and persistent histones in sperm
were high in pre-diabetic mice, exercise only can improve sperm motility. GC
alone only improved sperm motility in pre-diabetic mice while CA alone, even did
not have this beneficial effect. However, GC along with exercise, did not
improve motility but reduce DNA damage, while CA with exercise, significantly
improved motility compared to pre-diabetic stage and to the level comparable to
control. Therefore, based on this result in individuals with high DNA damage, GC
supplementation and exercise could be useful approach while in asthenozoospermia,
CA supplementation and exercise should be considered as an alternative approach"
- See green coffee bean extract at Amazon.com.
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Effect of Chlorogenic Acid
via Upregulating Resolvin D1 Inhibiting the NF-κB Pathway on Chronic Restraint
Stress-Induced Liver Inflammation - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Aug 17 -
"Chronic stress can cause chronic inflammatory injury to
the liver. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is known to have a wide range of biological
activities and anti-inflammatory effects ... These results suggest that the
protective effects of CGA mediate the NF-κB pathway by upregulating the
generation of RvD1. Above all, this research demonstrates the liver protective
effect of CGA and provides a potential treatment strategy for chronic
inflammatory disease"
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Chlorogenic Acid Prevents
Hyperuricemia Nephropathy via Regulating TMAO-Related Gut Microbes and
Inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Aug 11 -
"Hyperuricemia is an independent hazard factor of renal
injury and can induce renal fibrosis, promoting the development of chronic
kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to explore the probability of chlorogenic
acid (CGA) as a potential substance for preventing hyperuricemia nephropathy
(HN) ... CGA delayed kidney fibrosis in HN rats as evidenced by regulating the
cascade response of the microbiota-TMAO-PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. In
summary, CGA can be an excellent candidate for HN prevention"
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Chlorogenic acid improves
the intestinal barrier by relieving endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibiting
ROCK/MLCK signaling pathways - Food Funct 2022 Mar 30 -
"CGA protects the intestinal barrier by inhibiting
ROCK/MLCK signalling pathways and relieving ER stress. These findings highlight
the importance of rapidly screening potential active ingredients that benefit
the intestinal barrier and provide a theoretical basis for enteral nutrition"
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Chlorogenic Acid Ameliorates
High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Mediating the
Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis - J Agric Food Chem 2022 Feb 21 -
"Chlorogenic acid (CGA) displays cognition-improving
properties, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, CGA
supplementation (150 mg/kg body weight) for 14 weeks significantly prevented
obesity and insulin resistance, cognitive-behavioral disturbances, and synaptic
dysfunction induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD). Moreover, CGA
supplementation enhanced the expression of genes enriched in the neuroactive
ligand-receptor interaction pathway and reduced inflammatory factor expressions.
Furthermore, CGA treatment increased gut microbiota diversity and the level of
bacterial genera producing SCFAs. CGA also decreased the concentration of energy
metabolism substrates, while it increased phosphorylcholine. Finally, we
observed a significant correlation among synaptic transmission genes, gut
microbiota, and neurotransmission in the CGA supplementation group by targeted
multiomics analysis"
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Chlorogenic acid improves
diabetic retinopathy by alleviating blood-retinal-barrier dysfunction via
inducing Nrf2 activation - Phytother Res 2022 Feb 8 -
"As one of the major diabetic microvascular
complications, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is mainly initiated by the
blood-retinal barrier (BRB) dysfunction. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a natural
polyphenolic compound in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, which traditionally has the
beneficial function for eyes and is commonly included in many anti-diabetic
formulas ... All results suggest that CGA improves DR through attenuating BRB
injury by reducing microglia-initiated inflammation and preventing TNFα-induced
EndoMT/EMT and oxidative injury via inducing Nrf2 activation"
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Protective
effects of chlorogenic acid on trimethyltin chloride-induced
neurobehavioral dysfunctions in mice relying on the gut
microbiota - Food Funct 2022 Jan 24 -
"Trimethyltin chloride (TMT) is
acknowledged to have potent neurotoxicity. Chlorogenic acid
(CGA), the most abundant polyphenol in the human diet, is
well-known for its neuroprotective activity. This investigation
was performed to determine the effects and mechanisms of CGA on
TMT-induced neurobehavioral dysfunctions. Mice received oral
administrations of CGA (30 mg kg-1) for 11 days, in which they
were intraperitoneally injected with TMT (2.7 mg kg-1) once on
the 8th day. The daily intake of CGA significantly alleviated
TMT-induced epilepsy-like seizure and cognition impairment,
ameliorating hippocampal neuronal degeneration and
neuroinflammation. Oral gavage of CGA potentially exerted
neuroprotective effects through JNK/c-Jun and TLR4/NFκB
pathways. Microbiome analysis revealed that daily consumption of
CGA raised the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in
TMT-treated mice. SCFAs, the gut microbial metabolites
associated with neuroprotection, were increased in the mouse
hippocampus following CGA treatment. TMT-induced
neurotransmitter disorders were regulated by oral gavage of CGA,
especially DL-kynurenine and acetylcholine chloride.
Additionally, neurotransmitters in the mouse hippocampus were
found to be highly associated with the gut microbiota. Our
findings provided research evidence for the neuroprotective
effect of CGA on TMT-induced neurobehavioral dysfunctions"
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Protective effects of
chlorogenic acid on capillary regression caused by disuse muscle atrophy -
Biomed Res 2021;42(6):257-264 - "Inactivity causes
muscle atrophy and capillary regression in skeletal muscle. Chlorogenic acid has
an antioxidant capacity and may prevent capillary regression ... In conclusion,
chlorogenic acid supplementation may qualify as an effective treatment to reduce
capillary regression in skeletal muscle caused by disuse muscle atrophy"
- See chlorogenic acid at
Amazon.com.
-
Chlorogenic acid delays the
progression of Parkinson's disease via autophagy induction in Caenorhabditis
elegans - Nutr Neurosci 2021 Dec 19 - "Parkinson's
disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Chlorogenic
acid (CGA) is a polyphenolic substance derived from various medicinal plants.
Although CGA is reported to have potential anti-PD effect, the beneficial effect
and the underlying mechanism remain unclear ... The present study indicates that
CGA exerts neuroprotective effect in C. elegans via autophagy induction"
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Chlorogenic acid delays the
progression of Parkinson's disease via autophagy induction in Caenorhabditis
elegans - Nutr Neurosci 2021 Dec 19 - "Parkinson's
disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Chlorogenic
acid (CGA) is a polyphenolic substance derived from various medicinal plants.
Although CGA is reported to have potential anti-PD effect, the beneficial effect
and the underlying mechanism remain unclear ... ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA)
... CGA significantly reduced α-synuclein aggregation, improved motor disorders,
restored lipid content, and decreased ROS and MDA contents in NL5901 nematodes.
Meanwhile, CGA inhibited DA neuron-degeneration and improved food-sensing
behavior in 6-OHDA-exposed BZ555 nematodes. In addition, CGA increased the
number of GFP::LGG-1 foci in DA2123 nematodes and degraded p62 protein in
BC12921 nematodes. Meanwhile, CGA up-regulated the expression of autophagy-related
genes in NL5901 nematodes. Moreover, the anti-PD effect of CGA was closely
related to autophagy induction via increasing the expression of autophagy-related
genes, including unc-51, bec-1, vps-34, and lgg-1"
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Protection Mechanisms
Underlying Oral Administration of Chlorogenic Acid against Cadmium-Induced
Hepatorenal Injury Related to Regulating Intestinal Flora Balance - J Agric
Food Chem 2021 Jan 26 - "Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal,
which is widely used in the industry and daily life. It has a long half-life, so
large amounts of Cd can accumulate in humans and become toxic. Chlorogenic acid
(CGA) can eliminate free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation and is mainly
used to prevent metal toxicity ... In acute Cd-exposed mice, CGA treatment (ip)
alleviated Cd-induced oxidative damage and reduced the production of NO and MPO
in the liver and kidney tissues, while TLR4 expression levels did not change
significantly. After 8 weeks of Cd exposure, CGA administration (gavage)
significantly alleviated gut dysbiosis by decreasing the Firmicutes to
Bacteroidetes ratio, enhancing the relative abundances of bacteria, including
Ruminiclostridium_9, Alloprevotella, and Rikenella, and inhibiting the
activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggested
that protection mechanisms underlying the oral administration of CGA against the
Cd-induced hepatorenal injury was related to the regulation of the intestinal
flora balance. CGA can be used as an effective component in daily diet to
prevent Cd toxicity"
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Chlorogenic Acid Alleviates
Hyperglycemia-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis through Activation of the NO/cGMP/PKG
Pathway in Cardiac Fibroblasts - Mol Nutr Food Res 2020 Nov 17 -
"Hyperglycemia-induced cardiac fibrosis is one of the
main causes of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM). Chlorogenic acid (CGA) found in
many foods has excellent hypoglycemic effectiveness, but it is not known whether
CGA can improve DM by inhibiting cardiac fibrosis caused by hyperglycemia ...
Besides lowering blood glucose, CGA also has an independent ability to inhibit
cardiac fibrosis. Therefore, long-term consumption of foods rich in CGA for
diabetic patients will have great benefits to improve diabetic cardiomyopathy"
- See chlorogenic acid at
Amazon.com and
iHerb.
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Chlorogenic Acid Suppresses
miR-155 and Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis Through the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome
Pathway - Mol Nutr Food Res 2020 Oct 20 - "These
findings indicate that CGA prevented colitis by downregulating miR-155
expression and inactivating the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in macrophages.
The current study may have promising therapeutic implications in the treatment
of ulcerative colitis"
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Effect of Chlorogenic
Acids on Cognitive Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized
Controlled Crossover Trial - J Alzheimers Dis. 2019 Oct 29 -
"The main polyphenol contained in coffee beans, chlorogenic acid (CGA), improves attention
in healthy individuals ... Trail Making Test (TMT-A, TMT-B) testing attention
... In the TMT-B test, participants had a significantly reduced number of errors
while ingesting the CGA beverage as compared with the placebo beverage
(p < 0.05), although there was no difference in test completion time"
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Chlorogenic acid-enriched
green coffee bean extract affects arterial stiffness assessed by the
cardio-ankle vascular index in healthy men: a pilot study - Int J Food Sci
Nutr. 2019 Mar 25:1-7 - "chlorogenic acid-enriched green coffee bean extract (cGCE)
... cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) ... Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated
dilation (FMD) and sympathetic nervous activity (SNA) ... The CAVI change was
significantly greater in the cGCE group than in the placebo group. In addition,
FMD increased and SNA decreased in the cGCE group. These findings suggest that
2-week ingestion of cGCE may improve arterial stiffness as assessed by the CAVI"
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Effect of Chlorogenic
Acids on Cognitive Function: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled
Trial - Nutrients 2018, 10(10), 1337 - "The CGA group showed significant
increase in the Cognitrax domain scores for motor speed, psychomotor speed, and
executive function compared with the placebo group, as well as an improvement in
the shifting attention test scores. In blood analysis, the CGA group showed
increased levels of apolipoprotein A1 and transthyretin, both of which are
putative biomarkers for early-stage cognitive decline" - [Nutra
USA]
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Coffee with a high
content of chlorogenic acids and low content of hydroxyhydroquinone improves
postprandial endothelial dysfunction in patients with borderline and stage 1
hypertension - Eur J Nutr. 2018 Jan 12 - "Compared with baseline values,
single intake of coffee with a high content of chlorogenic acids and low content
of hydroxyhydroquinone, but not coffee with a high content of chlorogenic acids
and high content of hydroxyhydroquinone or placebo coffee, significantly
improved postprandial flow-mediated vasodilation and decreased circulating
8-isoprostane levels" - [Nutra
USA] - See chlorogenic acid at
Amazon.com.
-
Urtica thunbergiana prevents UVB-induced premature skin aging by regulating the
transcription factor NFATc1: An in vitro and in vivo study - Journal of
Functional Foods, September 2017 - "Urtica thunbergiana
leaf extract (UT) ... Our data showed that UVB exposure decreased the level of
phosphorylated NFATc1. One active component of UT, chlorogenic acid (CGA),
regulated NFATc1 dephosphorylation to a similar extent as tacrolimus, a
calcineurin inhibitor. Our results suggest that UT and its active component,
CGA, have the potential to prevent UVB-induced premature skin aging by
regulating NFATc1" - [Nutra
USA]
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Mediation of
coffee-induced improvements in human vascular function by chlorogenic acids and
its metabolites: Two randomized, controlled, crossover intervention trials -
Clin Nutr. 2016 Nov 30 - "polyphenol intake has been
linked to improvements in human vascular function, although data on
hydroxycinnamates, such as chlorogenic acid (CGA) have not yet been studied. We
aimed to investigate the impact of coffee intake rich in chlorogenic acid on
human vascular function and whether CGAs are involved in potential effects ...
flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) ... FMD responses to coffee intake was closely
paralleled by the appearance of CGA metabolites in plasma ... pure
5-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA), the main CGA in coffee (5-CQA; 450 mg and 900 mg)
on FMD was also investigated ... Coffee intake acutely improves human vascular
function, an effect, in part, mediated by 5-CQA and its physiological
metabolites" - See
green coffee bean extract at Amazon.com
(usually standardized to 50% chlorogenic acids.
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Chlorogenic Acid Extends
the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway -
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Jul 4 - "Coffee and
tea, two of the most popular drinks around the world, share many in common from
chemical components to beneficial effects on human health. One of their shared
components, the polyphenols, most notably chlorogenic acid (CGA), was supposed
to account for many of the beneficial effects on ameliorating diseases occurred
accompanying people aging, such as the antioxidant effect and against diabetes
and cardiovascular disease ... We found that CGA could extend the lifespan of C.
elegans by up to 20.1%, delay the age-related decline of body movement, and
improve stress resistance"
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Chlorogenic Acid Extends
the Lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via Insulin/IGF-1 Signaling Pathway -
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2016 Jul 4 - "Coffee and
tea, two of the most popular drinks around the world, share many in common from
chemical components to beneficial effects on human health. One of their shared
components, the polyphenols, most notably chlorogenic acid (CGA), was supposed
to account for many of the beneficial effects on ameliorating diseases occurred
accompanying people aging, such as the antioxidant effect and against diabetes
and cardiovascular disease ... We found that CGA could extend the lifespan of C.
elegans by up to 20.1%, delay the age-related decline of body movement, and
improve stress resistance"
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Chlorogenic
acid and caffeine in combination inhibit fat accumulation by regulating hepatic
lipid metabolism-related enzymes in mice - Br J Nutr. 2014
Sep;112(6):1034-40 - "chlorogenic acid (CGA) ... forty
mice were randomly assigned to four groups and fed diets containing no CGA or
caffeine, CGA, caffeine, or CGA+caffeine for 24 weeks ... There was a decrease
in the body weight and IPAT weight of mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet. There was
a significant decrease in the serum and hepatic concentrations of total
cholesterol, TAG and leptin of mice fed the CGA+caffeine diet ... These results
indicate that CGA+caffeine suppresses fat accumulation and body weight gain by
regulating the activities and mRNA and protein expression levels of hepatic
lipid metabolism-related enzymes and that these effects are stronger than those
exerted by CGA and caffeine individually" - See
green coffee bean extract at Amazon.com.
-
Cognitive
and neuroprotective effects of chlorogenic acid - Nutr Neurosci. 2014 Aug 17
- "chlorogenic acid (CGA) ... A literature search was
conducted using PubMed ... Recent research suggests that dietary consumption of
CGA could produce a wide range of health benefits and physiological effects.
There is also mounting evidence that the consumption of polyphenols, including
CGA, in the diet could reduce the risk of developing neurodegenerative
conditions"
- Chlorogenic acid
- Wikipedia - "Chlorogenic acid can be found in
bamboo Phyllostachys edulis.[8] as well as in many other plants.[9] It is
one of the major phenolic compounds identified in peach[10] and in
prunes.[11] It also is one of the phenols found in green coffee bean
extract"
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The effect
of chlorogenic acid on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of
randomized clinical trials - J Hum Hypertens. 2014 Jun 19 -
"Meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant
reduction in systolic blood pressure in favour of CGA (mean difference (MD):
-4.31 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval (CI): -5.60 to -3.01; I2=65%; P<0.00001).
Meta-analysis also showed a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure
favouring CGA (MD: -3.68 mm Hg; 95% CI: -3.91 to -3.45; I2=97%; P<0.00001)"
- See
artichoke extract at Amazon.com
and chlorogenic acid at Amazon.com.
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