Phosphatidylserine

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Phosphatidylserine (PS)

Specific Recommendations:

Note: If you do the math, I think you will find that the Jarrow PS-100 at iHerb is the best deal for phosphatidylserine. If you purchase four bottles, 800 mg of PS per day (8 capsules) comes to $2.38 per day. You may find in house brands that are cheaper but do you really trust what is on the label?

News & Research:

Phosphatidylserine - Vitacost Health Library

What is Phosphatidylserine? - leci-ps.com

The Use of Phosphatidylserine (PS) in Sports Nutrition - cargillbioactives.com

The Use of Phosphatidylcholine (PC) in Sports Nutrition - cargillbioactives.com

Novel Strategy to Restore Brain Cell Function - Life Extension Magazine, 5/06 - "Alzheimer’s patients taking 300 mg of phosphatidylserine daily performed significantly better on standardized memory tests at the end of the 12-week trial period than did the study participants who received placebo. Importantly, those patients who were the least afflicted by dementia demonstrated the greatest benefit from phosphatidylserine therapy. These results suggest that beginning supplementation very early on, or perhaps even before the appearance of symptoms, can help prevent age-related loss of memory and other cognitive impairments"

Cortisol, Stress, and Health - Life Extension Magazine, 12/05 - "Supplements to reduce high cortisol levels secondary to stress ... Vitamin C: 1000-3000 mg/day ... Fish oil (omega-3 fatty acids):1-4 gm/day ... Phosphatidylserine: 300-800 mg/day ... Rhodiola rosea: 100-200 mg/day, standardized extract ... Ginseng: 100-300 mg/day, standardized extract ... Ginkgo biloba: 100-200 mg/day, standardized extract ... DHEA: 25-50 mg/day (any hormone supplementation should be monitored by your physician)"

Natural remedies ease anxiety - Natural Food Merchandiser, 10/05 - "Relora ... L-theanine ... Phosphatidylserine"

Cortisol - Keeping a Dangerous Hormone in Check - Life Extension Magazine, 7/04 - "Phosphatidylserine, DHEA, and ginkgo biloba all have been shown to reduce the amount of cortisol produced during stressful events, and these stress fighters can help retard the negative consequences of this hormone"

Stress and Cortisol Levels - Vitamin Research News, 2/04 - "I want to reduce cortisol levels in my body ... Phosphatidylserine, 300 mg per day, is a good choice"

FDA Allows Health Claim - Vitacost News, 3/27/03 - "On February 24, 2003, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allowed two health claims for a nutrient called phosphatidylserine (PS). The first claim is that PS may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly with a second claim being that PS may reduce the risk of dementia in the elderly"

Patents File — Phospholipids - Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals, 12/02

Phospholipids: Versatile Nutraceutical Ingredients For Functional Foods - Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals, 12/02 - "Ryser concluded that PS yielded clinically significant benefit to 25 of the 27 children. PS improved attention, concentration, learning, behaviour and academic performance, seemingly extending their level of benefit once they had "plateaued" on fish oil and other nutritional supplements. Those prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin) or other pharmaceuticals also seemed to derive additional benefit from PS which also benefited the depression and anxiety commonly seen in these children"

Using Complementary Treatments - PsychiatricTimes.com, 11/15/02 - "Phosphatidylserine is active at cell membranes, including synaptic membrane zones. Partial improvement of learning and recall capacity was noted in subjects with age-related cognitive decline"

Stress, Cortisol and Health - Supplement Watch Newsletter, 10/02 - "several lines of evidence have converged to solidify the concept that stress makes us fat (because of cortisol), thins our bones (because of cortisol), shrinks our brains (because of cortisol), suppresses our immune system (because of cortisol), saps our energy levels (because of cortisol), and kills our sex drive (because of cortisol) ... Take a daily multivitamin/multi-mineral supplement - because calcium, magnesium, vitamin C and B-complex vitamins are needed for a proper stress response ... Chief among the supplements with documented cortisol-controlling effects are Phosphatidylserine, Beta-sitosterol, Magnolia bark, Theanine, Epimedium, Ashwagandha and Passionflower"

Phosphatidylserine (PS) The Essential Brain Nutrient - Life Extension Magazine, 9/02 - "Among its list of functions, phosphatidylserine stimulates the release of dopamine (a mood regulator that also control physical sensations, and movement), increases the production of acetylcholine (necessary for learning and memory), enhances brain glucose metabolism (the fuel used for brain activity), reduces cortisol levels (a stress hormone), and boosts the activity of nerve growth factor (NGF), which oversees the health of cholinergic neurons"

A Supplement to Prevent Alzheimer’s - Dr. Weil, 8/20/02 - "In theory, PS works by strengthening cell membranes thus protecting them and their contents from damage, particularly from the stress hormone cortisol"

Choline Precursors Lower Stroke Death and Disability Rates, Meta-analysis Indicates - Doctor's Guide, 2/11/02 - "Choline precursors are a group of molecules that get converted to phospholipids in the brain. Phospholipids perform many functions, including serving as crucial nerve cell membrane components and acting as neurotransmitters. Choline precursors include drugs like lecithin and citicoline ... Death and disability rate was 54.6 (611/1119) percent for patients treated with choline precursors compared to 66.4 (561/844) percent for those on placebo ... choline precursors might improve ischemic brain damage in two ways, by neuroprotection or by enhancement of neurorepair processes" - Note: Phosphatidylserine (PS) supplements contain mixture of phospholipids. The best supplier of PS is Degussa Bioactives, which used to be Lucas-Meyer but they broke up into two companies. See their phospholipids page. Taking PS supplements has the added benefit of lowering cortisol.

Phosphatidylserine Boosts Brain Function - Nutrition Science News, 3/01 - "Recent animal studies have now compared PS taken from different sources (egg, soy and cow brain), and have found injectable soy PS to be on par with cow brain PS"

The Latest from the American College of Sports Medicine - Nutrition Science News, 9/00 - "It is generally accepted that the enzyme creatine kinase is an indicator of cell membrane damage and necrosis of the muscle fibers," says John Seifert, a principal investigator at St. Cloud. "Our work shows that PS supplementation results in significantly lower amounts of creatine kinase (CK) levels 24 hours after exercise. This implies that PS can help minimize muscle fiber damage caused by muscular stress."

Enhancing Cognitive Function - Life Extension Magazine, 5/00 - "It has been shown that PS can increase the number of neurotransmitter receptors back to youthful levels."

Phosphatidylserine - Dr. Shahelian

Abstracts:

Effects of phosphatidylserine supplementation on exercising humans - Sports Med. 2006;36(8):657-69 - "S-PtdSer 800 mg/day reduced the cortisol response to overtraining during weight training while improving feeling of well-being and decreasing perceived muscle soreness"

Effects of soy lecithin phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine complex (PAS) on the endocrine and psychological responses to mental stress - Stress. 2004 Jun;7(2):119-26 - "These data provide initial evidence for a selective stress dampening effect of PAS on the pituitary-adrenal axis, suggesting the potential of PAS in the treatment of stress related disorders"

The influence of phosphatidylserine supplementation on mood and heart rate when faced with an acute stressor - Nutr Neurosci. 2001;4(3):169-78 - "In young adults, with neuroticism scores above rather than below the median, the taking of 300mg PS each day for a month was associated with feeling less stressed and having a better mood"

Blunting by chronic phosphatidylserine administration of the stress-induced activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in healthy men - Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;42(4):385-8 - "chronic oral administration of phosphatidylserine may counteract stress-induced activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in man"

Effects of phosphatidylserine on the neuroendocrine response to physical stress in humans - Neuroendocrinology. 1990 Sep;52(3):243-8 - "Pretreatment with both 50 and 75 mg BC-PS significantly blunted the ACTH and cortisol responses to physical stress"

800 mg active phosphatidylserine has been show to reduce cortisol by 30%. That's pretty significant. I feel that if there were a prescription drug that did that, it would be a first line treatment for Cushing's. I'm sure the medical establishment will argue that there needs to be more studies. I agree, but who is going to pay for the studies on something that is not patentable and doctors can't get the big bucks to write a prescription for. Maybe the AMA will fund the study out of the kindness or their heart. Yea, right!

Most PS sold is actually only 20% PS. Leci-PS® by Cargil Bbioactives has 20%, 40% and 90% PS. I've got no affiliation with them but feel that they have the best product. To get 800 mg active, it's eight 500 mg capsules of the usual 20% PS products. With Leci-PS 20 (which is 20% PS), it's about a 2.38 teaspoons. It is expensive stuff. Probably your best bet for phosphatidylserine is iHerb.

Cushing's syndrome is caused by prolonged exposure of the body's tissues to high levels of the hormone cortisol. I've talked to doctors who implied that it was black and white, i.e. you have Cushing's or you don't. My personal opinion, and I'm not a doctor, is that there is a linear gray area in between.

Other possible phosphatidylserine suppliers: